Port of Shanghai

The Port of Shanghai (Chinese: 上海港; pinyin: Shànghǎi Gǎng; Wu: Zaanhe Kaon), located in the vicinity of Shanghai, comprises a deep-sea port and a river port.

Port of Shanghai
上海港
Yangshan Deep-water Port
Location
CountryPeople's Republic of China
LocationShanghai
Coordinates30.626539°N 122.064958°E / 30.626539; 122.064958
Details
Opened1842 (As treaty port)
Operated byShanghai International Port Company Ltd.
Owned byPublic
Type of harborDeep-water seaport/Riverport
Statistics
Annual cargo tonnage514 million (2016)
Annual container volume43.3 million TEU (2019)
Website
http://www.portshanghai.com.cn
Shanghai is the world's busiest container port.
Yangshan Deepwater Port under construction

The main port enterprise in Shanghai, the Shanghai International Port Group (SIPG), was established during the reconstitution of the Shanghai Port Authority. Companies such as the Shanghai Port Container Co. and Waigaoqiao Bonded Zone Port Co. were involved in port of Shanghai.[1]

In 2010, Shanghai port overtook the Port of Singapore to become the world's busiest container port. Shanghai's port handled 29.05 million TEU, whereas Singapore's was a half million TEU behind.[2][3]

Shanghai handled 43.3 million TEU in 2019.[4]

Shanghai is one of only 4 port-cities in the world to be categorised as a large-port Megacity, due to its high volumes of port traffic and large urban population [5]

Geography

The Port of Shanghai faces the East China Sea to the east and Hangzhou Bay to the south. It includes the confluences of the Yangtze River, Huangpu River (which enters the Yangtze River) and Qiantang River.

Administration

The Port of Shanghai is managed by Shanghai International Port, which superseded the Shanghai Port Authority in 2003.[6] Shanghai International Port Company Limited is a public listed company, of which the Shanghai Municipal Government owns 44% of the outstanding shares.[6]

History
See also: History of Shanghai

During the Ming dynasty, what is now the city of Shanghai was a part of Jiangsu Province (with a small part in Zhejiang Province). While Shanghai had become a county seat in the Yuan dynasty, it remained relatively a small town.

Its location at the mouth of the Yangtze River led to its development as coastal trade increased during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor in the Qing dynasty. Gradually, the port of Shanghai surpassed Ningbo and Guangzhou to become the largest port in China.

In 1842, Shanghai became a treaty port, thus developing into an international commercial city. By the early 20th century, it was the largest city and the largest port in East Asia.

In 1949, with the Communist takeover in Shanghai, overseas trade was cut dramatically. The economic policy of the People's Republic had a crippling effect on Shanghai's infrastructure and capital development.

Donghai Bridge

In 1991, the central government allowed Shanghai to initiate economic reform. Since then, the port has developed at a rapid pace. By 2005, the Yangshan deep-water port had been built on the Yangshan islands, a group of islands in Hangzhou Bay linked to Shanghai by the Donghai Bridge. This development allowed the port to overcome shallow water conditions in its current location and to rival another deep-water port, the nearby Ningbo-Zhoushan port.

The port is part of the Maritime Silk Road.[7][8][9][10]

Harbour zones

The port of Shanghai includes three major working zones:

Economy

The Port of Shanghai is a critically important transport hub for the Yangtze River region and the most important gateway for foreign trade. It serves the Yangtze economically developed hinterland of Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Henan provinces with its dense population, strong industrial base and developed agricultural sector.[11]

Data
Million tonnes moved
year
1984
 
 100
1999
 
 186
2005
 
 443
2006
 
 537
2007
 
 561
2008
 
 582
2009
 
 590
2010
 
 650
2011
 
 728
2012
 
 736
2013
 
 776
2014
 
 755
Sources: ShipTechnology.com,[12] GeoHive[13]

See also

References
  1. Cullinane, Kevin; Teng, Yahui; Wang, Teng-Fei (2005-10-01). "Port competition between Shanghai and Ningbo". Maritime Policy & Management. 32 (4): 331–346. doi:10.1080/03088830500300438. ISSN 0308-8839.
  2. "Shanghai overtakes S'pore as world's busiest port". Straits Times. 8 January 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-14.
  3. "Statistics". www.iaphworldports.org. Archived from the original on 2015-10-04. Retrieved 2015-10-03.
  4. "Safety4Sea". Safety4sea. IHS. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
  5. Roberts, Toby; Williams, Ian; Preston, John (2020). "The Southampton system: A new universal standard approach for port-city classification". Maritime Policy & Management: 1–13. doi:10.1080/03088839.2020.1802785.
  6. "About SIPG". Shanghai International Port (Group) Co., Ltd. Archived from the original on 2010-01-13. Retrieved 2010-03-20.
  7. Marcus Hernig: Die Renaissance der Seidenstraße (2018) pp 112.
  8. Can the New Silk Road Compete with the Maritime Silk Road?
  9. China’s Maritime Silk Road and the Middle East: Tacking Against the Wind
  10. Bao Jianga, Jian Lib, Chunxia Gong "Maritime Shipping and Export Trade on “Maritime Silk Road”" In: The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, Volume 34, Issue 2, June 2018, Pages 83-90.
  11. "About Port of Shanghai". Shanghai International Port (Group) Co., Ltd. Archived from the original on 2017-06-08. Retrieved 2010-03-20.
  12. http://www.ship-technology.com/projects/portofshnaghai/ Port of Shanghai, China
  13. "Top 15 Largest Seaports of the World". GeoHive. Archived from the original on 2013-01-27. Retrieved 2012-12-18.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.