Lianyungang

Lianyungang (simplified Chinese: 连云港; traditional Chinese: 連雲港; pinyin: Liányúngǎng) is a prefecture-level city in northeastern Jiangsu province, China. It borders Yancheng to its southeast, Huai'an and Suqian to its south, Xuzhou to its southwest, and the province of Shandong to its north. Its name derives from Lian Island, the largest island in Jiangsu which lies off its coastline, and Yuntai Mountain, the highest peak in Jiangsu, a few miles from the town center, and the fact that it is a port. The name can be literally translated as the Port Connecting the Clouds.

Lianyungang

连云港市

Lienyunkang
Prefecture-level city
skylines of Lianyungang
Lianyungang is highlighted on this map
Lianyungang
Location of the city center in Jiangsu
Lianyungang
Lianyungang (Eastern China)
Lianyungang
Lianyungang (China)
Coordinates (Lianyungang municipal government): 34°35′48″N 119°13′17″E
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceJiangsu
Municipal seatHaizhou District
Government
 • TypePrefecture-level city
 • CPC secretaryYang Xingshi (杨省世)
 • MayorXiang Xuelong (项雪龙)
Area
 • Prefecture-level city7,154 km2 (2,762 sq mi)
 • Urban
2,252 km2 (870 sq mi)
 • Metro
738 km2 (285 sq mi)
Population
 (2010 census)
 • Prefecture-level city4,393,914
 • Density610/km2 (1,600/sq mi)
 • Urban
2,001,009
 • Urban density890/km2 (2,300/sq mi)
 • Metro
1,050,523
 • Metro density1,400/km2 (3,700/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
222000
(Urban center)
222100-222300, 222500
(Other areas)
Area code(s)518
ISO 3166 codeCN-JS-07
GDP¥216.064 billion (2015)
GDP per capita¥48,416 (2015)
Major NationalitiesHan
County-level divisions7
License Plate苏G
City TreeGinkgo
City FlowerMagnolia
Websitewww.lyg.gov.cn
Lianyungang
Simplified Chinese连云港
Traditional Chinese連雲港
Hanyu PinyinLiányúngǎng
Literal meaningthe port connected to the clouds
Other names
Chinese海州
Literal meaningCity of the Sea

Lianyungang was home to 4,393,914 inhabitants as of the 2010 census whom 1,050,523 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of Haizhou and Lianyun counties.[1] Lianyungang was known in the West as Haichow (Postal romanization), which means the City of Sea. Haichow was opened to foreign trade by the Qing imperial government in 1905.

Geography
Population density and low elevation coastal zones in the Shanghai area. Lianyungang is particularly vulnerable to sea level rise.

Lianyungang is between 118°24' and 119°48' east longitude and 34°11' and 35°07' north latitude. Lianyungang covers an area of 7,777 km2 (3,003 sq mi).

Economy

Lianyungang is one of the first 14 Chinese coastal cities opening to the outside world and a rising center of industry, foreign trade, and tourism in east China. It is the eastern terminus of the New Eurasian Land Bridge and the proposed Northern East West Freight Corridor. The New Eurasia Continental Landbridge continue by land, connecting Lianyungang with over 40 countries and regions in Europe, South Asia and the Middle East by railway networks.

The Lianyun-Port, in the center of the coast, links eastern sea routes with western land routes. Japan and South Korea in the east can be reached economically and conveniently from Lianyungang. Near the port, the Tianwan Nuclear Power Plant is one of the biggest nuclear power plants in China, with two operational units and six more planned. Lianyungang is also rich in mineral resources. Donghai County has 70% of the national reserve of natural crystal, and is manufacturing 80% of China’s crystal products.[2]

The Chinese government has stated its intention to build an economic belt along the New Eurasia Continental Landbridge in "the Ninth Five-Year Plan of the National Economy and Social Development and the Long-range Goal for the Year 2010." On "China's 21st Century Agenda", Lianyungang is to be developed into an international seaport linking countries on the Pacific rim with those in Central Asia. In the "National Ocean Development Plan" it is listed as one of three special development zones.

Lianyungang Economic & Technological Development Zone was approved by the State Council as one of the first batch of state-level development zones in December 1984. It is in the eastern new seashore urban area of Liangyungang City. The distance to nearest airport, Liangyungang Airport is 10–20 km (6.2–12.4 mi) and the distance to nearest highway G310 is 10–20 km (6.2–12.4 mi). Lianyungang port is 20–50 km (12–31 mi).[3]

On July 18, 2019, began a construction on a large petrochemical storage dock in the Xuwei area of the port of Lianyungang.[4]

Climate

The temperature in Lianyungang can reach average highs of 30 °C in the summer and drop to as low as −4 °C in the winter. Lianyungang’s climate is classified by Köppen and Geiger as Cwa (humid subtropical climate with dry winters).[5]

The vast majority of precipitation occurs between June and August, where it can measure up to 278mm of rainfall on average. Winter precipitation is quite low, making snowfall rare and short-lived.[6]

Climate data for Lianyungang (1981–2010 normals)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 5.3
(41.5)		 7.9
(46.2)		 13.0
(55.4)		 20.1
(68.2)		 25.5
(77.9)		 28.9
(84.0)		 30.8
(87.4)		 30.2
(86.4)		 26.7
(80.1)		 21.8
(71.2)		 14.4
(57.9)		 7.7
(45.9)		 19.4
(66.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) 0.7
(33.3)		 3.0
(37.4)		 7.8
(46.0)		 14.4
(57.9)		 19.9
(67.8)		 23.9
(75.0)		 26.8
(80.2)		 26.4
(79.5)		 22.4
(72.3)		 16.7
(62.1)		 9.4
(48.9)		 3.0
(37.4)		 14.5
(58.2)
Average low °C (°F) −2.8
(27.0)		 −0.8
(30.6)		 3.5
(38.3)		 9.6
(49.3)		 15.2
(59.4)		 19.9
(67.8)		 23.7
(74.7)		 23.4
(74.1)		 18.8
(65.8)		 12.5
(54.5)		 5.3
(41.5)		 −0.7
(30.7)		 10.6
(51.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 16.8
(0.66)		 20.7
(0.81)		 32.2
(1.27)		 42.9
(1.69)		 66.6
(2.62)		 103.3
(4.07)		 254.2
(10.01)		 182.3
(7.18)		 80.2
(3.16)		 37.3
(1.47)		 33.3
(1.31)		 14.0
(0.55)		 883.8
(34.8)
Average relative humidity (%) 65 65 64 63 68 74 82 82 75 70 68 66 70
Source: China Meteorological Administration[7]

Tourism

Lian Island Resort
the sea beach of Lian Island Resort

One of the most popular tourist attractions in Lianyungang and the only AAAA-Class beachfront in Jiangsu Province, Lian Island (Chinese: 连岛; pinyin: lián dǎo) is a beautiful island connected to Lianyun District by a 6.7 km (4.2 mi) sea dyke, the longest in China. There are two main beach and swimming areas, several places to eat, as well as hotels. Lian Island is home to an annual music extravaganza featuring some of China's most famous pop stars.

Huaguo Mountain

Lianyungang is famous for its Huaguoshan Shuiliandong (花果山水簾洞) attraction. Shuiliandong literally means the "Water Curtain Hole," since, according to legend, the hole was hidden behind a waterfall, therefore resembling a "curtain of water."

The hole is famous because according to legend it is the home of Sun Wukong, commonly known as the Monkey King from the epic novel Journey to the West. In this hole, underneath the mountain is where he and his monkey subjects lived. After learning Tao, the Monkey King traveled back to the hole so that he and his subjects could eat and play for eternity. Eventually, the Jade Emperor sent heavenly armies to battle him at this spot because of his misdeeds. While the Monkey King story is a work of fiction, Xuanzang, the monk who he accompanies on the journey of the novel, was based on a historical person.

Transport
Lianyungang BRT

Lianyungang has convenient transport including highway, railway, port and airport. It is one of the 42 major transportation hub cities in China.

Airport

Lianyungang Baitabu Airport, 25 km (16 mi) west of downtown Lianyungang, provides scheduled passenger service to dozens of airports in China. The new Lianyungang Huaguoshan International Airport is planned to be built in Xiaoyi, 20 km (12 mi) south of downtown by 2020. It will replace Baitabu Airport after completion.[8]

Railway
Lianyungangdong railway station is the start of the New Eurasian Land Bridge
Lianyungang railway station in Haizhou

Lianyungang is the eastern end of the Longhai Railway (formerly the Lunghai Railway), connecting it with Lanzhou in central China. As a major arterial east–west railway in China, it runs from Lianyungang to Lanzhou, Gansu through the provinces of Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan, Shaanxi, and Gansu, covering a total length of 1,759 km.

Lianyungang-Xuzhou Highspeed Railway, connecting Lianyungang and the important provincial transportation hub of Xuzhou, is under construction. The length of this railway is 180 km (110 mi)and the speed standard is 350 km/h (220 mph). Planned completion year is 2020.

Qingdao-Yancheng Highspeed Railway, part of China's Coastal High-speed Railway, goes through Lianyungang. The length of this railway is 429 km and the speed standard is 200 km/h.

Lianyungang-Nanjing/Zhenjiang Highspeed Railway connects Lianyungang and the provincial capital, Nanjing. The length of this railway is 300 km (190 mi)and the speed standard is 250 km/h (160 mph). Planned completion year is 2020.

Expressway

Lianyungang is the intersection of G15 Shenyang–Haikou Expressway, G25 Changchun–Shenzhen Expressway and G30 Lianyungang–Khorgas Expressway.

Port

Lianyungang port is among the 10 largest ports in China and the 30 largest port in the world. The cargo throughput of Lianyungang port is 210 million ton/year (2015). The container throughput is 5 million TEU/year (2015).[9] The port is part of the Maritime Silk Road that runs from the Chinese coast to the south via Singapore towards the southern tip of India, to Mombasa, then through the Suez Canal to the Mediterranean with its connections to Central and Eastern Europe.[10][11]

Administration
See also: List of administrative divisions of Jiangsu

The prefecture-level city of Lianyungang administers six county-level divisions, including three districts and three counties.

Map
Subdivision Simplified Chinese Hanyu Pinyin Population (2010) Area (km2) Density (/km2)
City Proper
Lianyun District 连云区 Liányún Qū 231,697 797.10 290.67
Haizhou District 海州区 Hǎizhōu Qū 818,134 700,71 1,167.58
Suburban
Ganyu District 赣榆区 Gànyú Qū 949,438 1,514.08 627.07
Rural
Donghai County 东海县 Dōnghǎi Xiàn 952,250 2,036.66 467.55
Guanyun County 灌云县 Guànyún Xiàn 817,629 1,538.33 531.50
Guannan County 灌南县 Guànnán Xiàn 624,766 1,028.41 607.51
Total 4,393,914 7,615.29 576.99
Dissolved district: Xinpu District

See also
Drum Tower of Haizhou, the old town of Lianyungang

References
  1. "Jiangsu (China): Prefectural Division, Major Cities & Counties - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 2019-11-09.
  2. "Donghai, Jiangsu, China". www.jiangsu.net. Retrieved 2017-09-04.
  3. Rightsite.asia | Lianyungang Economic & Technological Development Zone
  4. "Construção começa no cais de armazenamento petroquímico fortemente investido_portuguese.xinhuanet.com". portuguese.xinhuanet.com. Retrieved 2019-12-16.
  5. "Lianyungang climate: Average Temperature, weather by month, Lianyungang weather averages - Climate-Data.org". en.climate-data.org. Retrieved 2019-12-16.
  6. "Nancheng Weather Forecast". WorldWeatherOnline.com.
  7. 中国气象数据网 - WeatherBk Data (in Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 2020-04-12.
  8. 连云港新机场拟名花果山国际机场 预计2020亮相. Carnoc (in Chinese). 2018-07-15.
  9. http://www.moc.gov.cn/difangxinwen/xxlb_fabu/fbpd_jiangsu/201601/t20160107_1973189.html
  10. Lianyungang (China)
  11. The Maritime Dimension of “One Belt, One Road” in Strategic Perspective
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