Restored Republic (Mexico)

The Restored Republic (in Spanish República Restaurada) is the Mexican political era between the 1867 and 1876, starting with the defeat of the French imperial monarchy and the return of republican rule under Benito Juárez. Following his 1872 death, the presidency of Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada the Restored Republic continued until the revolt of General Porfirio Díaz in 1876. During the Restored Republic, the liberal Constitution of 1857 was the nation's governing document until its replacement in Constitution of 1917. Although formally Republic of Mexico continued to exist during French imperial rule, Juárez’s republican government was in exile from the capital and pushed to the extremity of northern Mexico in El Paso del Norte, Chihuahua, now Ciudad Juárez.[1] The U.S. steadfastly refused to recognize the imperial government of Maximilian of Mexico in favor of the Mexican republic under Juárez. Historian Daniel Cosío Villegas made the Restored Republic the starting point of his multi-volume Historia Moderna de México. He considered it the high point of democracy in Mexico that brought new political players into the arena.[2] "The most common and patriotic interpretation of politics during the Restored Republic is that Benito Juárez, Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, and a small group of determined liberals surrounding them were given the reins of power by a grateful nation to create a united democratic republic."[3] Political opposition to Juárez and Lerdo grew in the period and gravitated to support of Porfirio Díaz. Díaz found success in the 1876 civil war against Lerdo and began the next political era, the Porfiriato.

United Mexican States

Estados Unidos Mexicanos
1867–1876
GovernmentFederal presidential republic
President 
• 1867-1872
Benito Juárez
• 1872-1876
Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada
• 1876
José María Iglesias
History 
• Established
1 December 1867
28 November 1876
Preceded by		Succeeded by
Second Mexican Empire
Porfiriato

References
  1. Hamnett, Brian R. "Benito Juárez" in Encyclopedia of Mexico. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn 1997, pp. 719-20.
  2. Ortoll, Sevando and Pablo Piccato, "A Brief History of the Historia moderna de México" in A Companion to Mexican History and Culture, ed. William H. Beezley. Blackwell Publishers 2011, pp. 348-49
  3. Perry, Laurens Ballard. Juárez and Díaz: Machine Politics in Mexico. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press 1978 p. 3

Further reading
  • Coatsworth, John H. "Obstacles to economic growth in nineteenth-century Mexico." The American Historical Review 83.1 (1978): 80-100.
  • Cosío Villegas, Daniel. Historia Moderna de México, La Republica Retaurada: La Vida Política. Mexico City: Hermes 1955.
  • Falcone, Frank Samuel. "Federal-state relations during Mexico's restored republic: Oaxaca, a case study, 1867-1872." (1973).
  • García Granados, Ricardo. Historia de México Desde La Restauración de la República en 1867 Hasta la Caída de Huerta. 1. Ed. Completa.. ed. México: Editorial Jus, 1956.
  • Hale, Charles A. The transformation of liberalism in late nineteenth-century Mexico. Princeton University Press, 2014.
  • Hamnett, Brian R. "Liberalism Divided: Regional Polities and the National Project During the Mexican Restored Republic, 1867–1876." Hispanic American Historical Review 76.4 (1996): 659-689.
  • Katz, Friedrich. "Mexico: Restored Republic and Porfiriato." The Cambridge History of Latin America (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1986) 5: 16-20.
  • Knapp, Frank Averill, Jr. The Life of Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada: A Study in Influence and Obscurity. Austin: University of Texas Press 1951.
  • McNamara, Patrick J. Sons of the Sierra: Juárez, Díaz, and the people of Ixtlán, Oaxaca, 1855-1920. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2007.
  • Perry, Laurens Ballard. Juárez and Díaz: Machine Politics in Mexico. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press 1978.
  • Perry, Laurens Ballard. "El modelo liberal y la política práctica en la República restaurada 1867-1876." Historia mexicana 23.4 (1974): 646-699
  • Powell, T.G. El liberalism y el campesinado en el centro de México, 1850 a 1876. Mexico City: SepSetentas 1974.
  • Riva Palacio, Vicente. Historia de la administración de don Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada. Mexico: El Padre Cobos 1875.
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