Sar language
Sar or Sara, also known as Madjingay and Sara Madjingay is a Bongo–Bagirmi language of southern Chad, and the lingua franca of regional capital of Sarh.
Sar | |
---|---|
Madjingay | |
Native to | Chad |
Native speakers | (180,000 cited 1993 census)[1] |
Dialects |
|
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | mwm |
Glottolog | sarr1246 |
Phonology
The consonants are as follows.[2]
Labial | Alveolar | Retroflex | Postalveolar /Palatal |
Velar | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stop/ affricate |
tenuis | p | t | k | ||
voiced | b | d | ɡ | |||
implosive | ɓ | ɗ | ||||
prenasalized | m͡b | n͡d | ŋ͡ɡ | |||
Affricate | voiced | d͡ʒ | ||||
prenasalized | n͡dʒ | |||||
Fricative | s | |||||
Nasal | m | n | ||||
Liquid | oral | l | ɽ | |||
nasalized | ɽ̃ | |||||
Semi-vowel | oral | j | w | |||
nasalized | j̃ |
Vowels and nasal vowels are as follows:
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i ĩ | ɨ | u ũ |
Mid | e ẽ | (ə) | o õ |
ɔ | |||
Open | a ã |
/o, e/ can also be heard as [ə].[3]
Tone | Example | Gloss |
---|---|---|
high | ɡáŋɡá | drum |
mid | māl | scavenger |
low | jàbə̀ | hippopotamus |
nasal | tã | sauce |
References
- Sar at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- (in French) Fournier, Maurice, Les consonnes du sar, dans Études phonologiques tchadiennes (Jean-Pierre Caprile, éd.), pp. 37-44, Paris, SELAF, 1977, ISBN 2-85297-019-8
- Keegan, John M. (2014). Lexique Sar. The Eastern Sara Languages: Cuenca: Morkeg Books.
- (in French) Moundo Ndimajibay, Nei-Balway, Les limites des modifications en sar, dans Études phonologiques tchadiennes (Jean-Pierre Caprile, éd.), pp. 45-58, Paris, SELAF, 1977, ISBN 2-85297-019-8
- "PanAfriL10n - PanAfrLoc - Sara". PanAfrican Localisation Resource Wiki. Retrieved 2017-03-07.
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