Smutsia

Smutsia, better known as the African ground pangolins, is a genus of African pangolins from subfamily large African pangolins (Smutsiinae), within family Manidae. It was formerly considered a subgenus of Manis.[2] Its members are the more terrestrial of the African pangolins.[3]

African ground pangolin
Temporal range: 9.8–0 Ma Late Miocene - Present[1]
Pangolins from genus Smutsia
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Pholidota
Family: Manidae
Subfamily: Smutsiinae
Gray, 1873
Genus: Smutsia
Gray, 1865
Type species
Smutsia gigantea
Illiger, 1815
Species
  Smutsia gigantea
  Smutsia temminckii
Synonyms

Etymology

The British naturalist John Edward Gray named Smutsia for the South African naturalist Johannes Smuts (1808–1869),[4][5] the first South African to write a treatise on mammals in 1832 (in which he described the species Manis temminckii).

Taxonomy

Phylogeny

Phylogenetic position of genus Smutsia within family Manidae.[6][7][1]

 Pholidotamorpha 
 

†Palaeanodonta

 
 Pholidota 
 

†Euromanis

 
 ? 

†pholidota sp. (BC 16’08)

 
 
 

†Eurotamanduidae

 
 Eupholidota 
 

†Eomanoidea

 
 Manoidea 
 

†Patriomanidae

 
 
 ? 

†Necromanis

 
 Manidae 
 

Maninae

 
 ? 

†manidае sp. (DPC 3972 & DPC 4364)

 
 Smutsiinae 
 

Phatagininae

 
 Smutsiinae 
 Smutsia 
 

Smutsia gigantea

 
 

†Smutsia sp. (Olteţ River Valley, Romania)

 
 

Smutsia temminckii

 
 
 sensu stricto 
 sensu lato 
 
 
 
 
 
 sensu stricto 
 (Pholidota sensu lato) 

References
  1. Philippe Gaubert, Agostinho Antunes, Hao Meng, Lin Miao, Stéphane Peigné, Fabienne Justy, Flobert Njiokou, Sylvain Dufour, Emmanuel Danquah, Jayanthi Alahakoon, Erik Verheyen, William T Stanley, Stephen J O’Brien, Warren E Johnson, Shu-Jin Luo (2018) "The Complete Phylogeny of Pangolins: Scaling Up Resources for the Molecular Tracing of the Most Trafficked Mammals on Earth" Journal of Heredity, Volume 109, Issue 4, Pages 347–359
  2. Schlitter, D.A. (2005). "Order Pholidota". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 530–531. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  3. du Toit, Z.; du Plessis, M.; Dalton, D. L.; Jansen, R.; Paul Grobler, J.; Kotzé, A. (2017). "Mitochondrial genomes of African pangolins and insights into evolutionary patterns and phylogeny of the family Manidae". BMC Genomics. 18 (1): 746. doi:10.1186/s12864-017-4140-5. PMC 5609056. PMID 28934931.
  4. "S2A3 Biographical Database of Southern African Science [Johannes Smuts]". Retrieved May 28, 2018.
  5. Palmer, T.S. (1904). "Index Generum Mammalium: a List of the Genera and Families of Mammals". North American Fauna. 23: 635. doi:10.3996/nafa.23.0001.
  6. Gaudin, Timothy (2009). "The Phylogeny of Living and Extinct Pangolins (Mammalia, Pholidota) and Associated Taxa: A Morphology Based Analysis" (PDF). Journal of Mammalian Evolution. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer Science+Business Media. 16 (4): 235–305. doi:10.1007/s10914-009-9119-9. S2CID 1773698.
  7. Kondrashov, Peter; Agadjanian, Alexandre K. (2012). "A nearly complete skeleton of Ernanodon (Mammalia, Palaeanodonta) from Mongolia: morphofunctional analysis". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 32 (5): 983–1001. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.694319. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 86059673.
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