Soyuz 37

Soyuz 37 (Russian: Союз 37, Union 37) was a 1980 Soviet crewed space flight to the Salyut 6 space station. It was the 13th mission to and 11th successful docking at the orbiting facility. The Soyuz 37 crew were the third to visit the long-duration Soyuz 35 resident crew.[1]

Soyuz 37
Spacecraft properties
Crew: Viktor Gorbatko with Phạm Tuân

COSPAR ID	1980-064A
SATCAT no.	11905
Mission duration	79 days, 15 hours, 16 minutes, 54 seconds
Orbits completed	124


Spacecraft type	Soyuz 7K-T
Manufacturer	NPO Energia
Launch mass	6,800 kilograms (15,000 lb)


Crew
Crew size	2
Launching	Viktor Gorbatko Pham Tuân
Landing	Leonid Popov Valery Ryumin
Callsign	Терек (Terek – Terek River


Start of mission
Launch date	July 23, 1980, 18:33:03 (1980-07-23UTC18:33:03Z) UTC
Rocket	Soyuz-U
Launch site	Baikonur 1/5


End of mission
Landing date	October 11, 1980, 09:49:57 (1980-10-11UTC09:49:58Z) UTC
Landing site	180 kilometres (110 mi) SE of Dzhezkazgan


Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric
Regime	Low Earth
Perigee altitude	197.8 kilometres (122.9 mi)
Apogee altitude	293.1 kilometres (182.1 mi)
Inclination	51.61 degrees
Period	89.12 minutes


Docking with Salyut 6

Soyuz programme (Crewed missions)

Soyuz 37 carried Soviet Viktor Gorbatko and Pham Tuân, the first Asian and first Vietnamese cosmonaut, into space. They swapped Soyuz craft with the long-duration crew and returned to earth in Soyuz 36, the resident crew later used their craft to return to earth.

Crew


Position	Launching crew	Landing crew
Commander	Viktor Gorbatko Third spaceflight Soviet Union	Leonid Popov First spaceflight Soviet Union
Flight Engineer	Pham Tuân Only spaceflight Intercosmos Research Cosmonaut Vietnam	Valery Ryumin Third spaceflight Soviet Union

Backup crew


Position	Crew
Commander	Valery Bykovsky Soviet Union
Flight Engineer	Bui Thanh Liem Vietnam

Mission parameters

Mass: 6,800 kg (15,000 lb)
Perigee: 197.8 km (122.9 mi)
Apogee: 293.1 km (182.1 mi)
Inclination: 51.61°
Period: 89.12 minutes

Mission highlights

Pham Tuan of Vietnam arrived with Commander Viktor Gorbatko aboard Salyut 6 in Soyuz 37; they both returned to Earth in the Soyuz 36 spacecraft approximately eight days later. Tuan's 30 experiments involved observing Vietnam from space, life sciences (including tests of growth of Vietnamese azolla water ferns, with application to future closed-loop life support systems), and materials processing. The long-duration crew launched in Soyuz 35 returned to earth in the Soyuz 37 spacecraft at the end of their 186-day mission.

References

Spaceflight mission report: Soyuz 37

External links

Soyuz programme

Main topics

Past missions
(by spacecraft type)

Soyuz 7K-OK (1966–1970)	Kosmos 133† Soyuz 7K-OK No.1† (uncrewed) Kosmos 140 Soyuz 1† Kosmos 186 188 212 213 238 Soyuz 2 (uncrewed) 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Soyuz 7K-L1 (1967–1970) (Zond lunar programme)	Kosmos 146 154† Zond 1967A† 1967B† Zond 4 1968A† 1968B† 5 6 1969A† Zond-M 1† M 2† Zond 7 8 9 10
Soyuz 7K-L1E (1969–1970)	Soyuz 7K-L1E No.1† Kosmos 382
Soyuz 7K-LOK (1971–1972)	Soyuz 7K-LOK No.1† No.2†
Soyuz 7K-OKS (1971)	Soyuz 10† 11†
Soyuz 7K-T (1972–1981)	Kosmos 496 573 Soyuz 12 Kosmos 613 Soyuz 13 Kosmos 656 Soyuz 14 15† 17 18a† 18 20 (uncrewed) 21 23† 24 25† 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 (uncrewed landing) 33† 34 (uncrewed launch) 35 36 37 38 39 40
Soyuz 7K-TM (1974–1976)	Kosmos 638 672 Soyuz 16 19 (Apollo-Soyuz) 22
Soyuz 7K-S (1974–1976)	Kosmos 670 772† 869†
Soyuz-T (1978–1986)	Kosmos 1001† 1074 Soyuz T-1 (uncrewed) T-2 T-3 T-4 T-5 T-6 T-7 T-8† T-9 T-10a† T-10 T-11 T-12 T-13 T-14 T-15
Soyuz-TM (1986–2002)	Soyuz TM-1 (uncrewed) TM-2 TM-3 TM-4 TM-5 TM-6 TM-7 TM-8 TM-9 TM-10 TM-11 TM-12 TM-13 TM-14 TM-15 TM-16 TM-17 TM-18 TM-19 TM-20 TM-21 TM-22 TM-23 TM-24 TM-25 TM-26 TM-27 TM-28 TM-29 TM-30 TM-31 TM-32 TM-33 TM-34
Soyuz-TMA (2002–2012)	Soyuz TMA-1 TMA-2 TMA-3 TMA-4 TMA-5 TMA-6 TMA-7 TMA-8 TMA-9 TMA-10 TMA-11 TMA-12 TMA-13 TMA-14 TMA-15 TMA-16 TMA-17 TMA-18 TMA-19 TMA-20 TMA-21 TMA-22
Soyuz-TMA-M (2010–2016)	Soyuz TMA-01M TMA-02M TMA-03M TMA-04M TMA-05M TMA-06M TMA-07M TMA-08M TMA-09M TMA-10M TMA-11M TMA-12M TMA-13M TMA-14M TMA-15M TMA-16M TMA-17M TMA-18M TMA-19M TMA-20M
Soyuz MS (2016–present)	Soyuz MS-01 MS-02 MS-03 MS-04 MS-05 MS-06 MS-07 MS-08 MS-09 MS-10† MS-11 MS-12 MS-13 MS-14 (uncrewed test flight) MS-15 MS-16

Current missions

Soyuz MS-17

Future missions

2021
- MS-18
- MS-19
- MS-20

Uncrewed missions are designated as Kosmos instead of Soyuz; exceptions are noted "(uncrewed)".
The † sign designates failed missions. Italics designates cancelled missions.

← 1979 · Orbital launches in 1980 · 1981 →

Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in bold text. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in italics. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).

Interkosmos programme
Satellites	Interkosmos 1 Interkosmos 2 Interkosmos 3 Interkosmos 4 Interkosmos 5 Interkosmos 6 Interkosmos 7 Interkosmos 8 Interkosmos 9 Interkosmos 10 Interkosmos 11 Interkosmos 12 Interkosmos 13 Interkosmos 14 Interkosmos 15 Interkosmos 16 Interkosmos 17 Interkosmos 18 Interkosmos 19 Interkosmos 20 Interkosmos 21 Interkosmos 22 Interkosmos 23 Interkosmos 24 Interkosmos 25 Interkosmos 26
Manned flights	Soyuz 28 Soyuz 30 Soyuz 31 Soyuz 33 Soyuz 36 Soyuz 37 Soyuz 38 Soyuz 39 Soyuz 40 Soyuz T-6 Soyuz T-11 Soyuz TM-3 Soyuz TM-5 Soyuz TM-6 Soyuz TM-7

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