List of Soviet human spaceflight missions

This is a list of the human spaceflight missions conducted by the Soviet space programme. These missions belong to the Vostok, Voskhod, and Soyuz space programs.

The first patch from the Soviet Space Program was wore by Valentina Tereshkova,[1] then the same patch for the Voskhod 2, Soyuz 4/5 and Soyuz 11,[2] Soyuz 3 had an official insignia that wasn't wore during the flight[3] and then in the Apollo–Soyuz program. After that and until Soyuz TM-12 "Juno" flight mission patches had been designed only for international missions.[4]

Vostok program

Mission Patch Launch Duration Landing Pilot Notes
Vostok 112 April 19611 h 48 m12 April 1961Yuri GagarinFirst man in space; first human orbital flight[5]
Vostok 26 August 19611 d 1 h 18 m7 August 1961Gherman TitovFirst full day in space[6]
Vostok 311 August 19623 d 22 h 22 m15 August 1962Andriyan NikolayevFirst simultaneous flight of two crewed spacecraft[7][8]
Vostok 412 August 19622 d 22 h 56 m15 August 1962Pavel Popovich
Vostok 514 June 19634 d 23 h 7 m19 June 1963Valery BykovskyJoint mission with Vostok 6; longest solo orbital flight[9]
Vostok 616 June 19632 d 22 h 50 m19 June 1963Valentina TereshkovaJoint mission with Vostok 5; first woman in space[10]

Voskhod program

Mission Patch Launch Duration Landing Crew Notes
Voskhod 112 October 19641 d 0 h 17 m 3 s13 October 1964Vladimir KomarovKonstantin FeoktistovBoris YegorovFirst spacecraft to carry a crew.
Voskhod 218 March 19651 d 2 h 2 m 17 s19 March 1965Pavel BelyayevAlexei LeonovFirst walk in space.

Soyuz program

1967–1971

Order Mission Patch Launch Duration Landing Crew Notes
1Soyuz 123 April 19671 d 2 h 47 m 52 s24 April 1967V. KomarovCosmonaut died in crash-landing.
2Soyuz 326 October 19683 d 22 h 50 m 45 s30 October 1968G. BeregovoyRendezvous with uncrewed Soyuz 2, failed docking.
3Soyuz 414 January 19692 d 23 h 20 m 47 s17 January 1969V. ShatalovA. Yeliseyev
landing
Ye. Khrunov
landing
Docked with Soyuz 5. Crew transfer.
4Soyuz 515 January 19693 d 0 h 54 m 15 s18 January 1969B. VolynovA. Yeliseyev
launch
Ye. Khrunov
launch
Docked with Soyuz 4. Crew transfer.
5Soyuz 611 October 19694 d 22 h 42 m 47 s16 October 1969G. ShoninV. KubasovJoint mission with Soyuz 7 & 8.
6Soyuz 712 October 19694 d 22 h 40 m 23 s17 October 1969A. FilipchenkoV. VolkovV. GorbatkoJoint mission with Soyuz 6 & 8.
7Soyuz 813 October 19694 d 22 h 50 m 49 s18 October 1969V. ShatalovA. YeliseyevJoint mission with Soyuz 6 & 7.
8Soyuz 91 June 197017 d 16 h 58 m 55 s19 June 1970A. NikolayevV. SevastyanovCosmonaut endurance test.
9Soyuz 1023 April 19711 d 23 h 44 m 54 s25 April 1971V. ShatalovA. YeliseyevN. RukavishnikovFailed to dock with Salyut 1.
10Soyuz 116 June 197123 d 18 h 21 m 43 s30 June 1971G. DobrovolskyV. PatsayevV. VolkovVisited Salyut 1. All cosmonauts aboard died in reentry from asphyxiation.

1973–1980

Mission Order Patch Launch Duration Landing Crew Notes
11Soyuz 1227 September 19731 d 23 h 15 m 32 s29 September 1973V. LazarevO. MakarovTest of redesigned two-person Soyuz craft.
12Soyuz 1318 December 19737 d 20 h 55 m 35 s26 December 1973V. LebedevP. KlimukCarried Orion 2 Space Observatory.
13Soyuz 143 July 197415 d 17 h 30 m 28 s19 July 1974Yu. ArtyukhinP. PopovichVisited Salyut 3.
14Soyuz 1526 August 19742 d 0 h 12 m 11 s28 August 1974L. DyominG. SarafanovFailed to dock with Salyut 3.
15Soyuz 162 December 19745 d 22 h 23 m 35 s8 December 1974A. FilipchenkoN. RukavishnikovTest of redesigned Soyuz craft.
16Soyuz 1711 January 197529 d 13 h 19 m 45 s10 February 1975G. GrechkoA. GubarevVisited Salyut 4 (1).
17Soyuz 18a5 April 19750 d 0 h 21 m 27 s5 April 1975V. LazarevO. MakarovLaunch failure, did not reach Salyut 4.
18Soyuz 1824 May 197562 d 23 h 20 m 8 s26 July 1975P. KlimukV. SevastyanovVisited Salyut 4 (2).
19Soyuz 1915 July 19755 d 22 h 31 m21 July 1975A. LeonovV. KubasovApollo-Soyuz Test Project: first docking with American spacecraft
20Soyuz 216 July 197649 d 6 h 23 m 32 s24 August 1976B. VolynovV. ZholobovVisited Salyut 5 (1), departed early.
21Soyuz 2215 September 19767 d 21 h 52 m 17 s23 September 1976V. BykovskyV. AksyonovEarth imaging mission – as of 2015 last flight of a Soyuz spacecraft not targeted for a space station.
22Soyuz 2314 October 19762 d 0 h 6 m 35 s16 October 1976V. ZudovV. RozhdestvenskyFailed to dock with Salyut 5. Near-disastrous landing in icy lake.
23Soyuz 247 February 197717 d 17 h 26 m 0 s25 February 1977V. GorbatkoYu. GlazkovVisited Salyut 5 (2).
24Soyuz 259 October 19772 d 0 h 44 m 45 s11 October 1977V. KovalyonokV. RyuminFailed to dock with Salyut 6.
25Soyuz 2610 December 197737 d 10 h 6 m 18 s16 January 1978G. Grechko
launch
V. Dzhanibekov
landing
Yu. Romanenko
launch
O. Makarov
landing
Visited Salyut 6 (1); returned with crew of Soyuz 27.
26Soyuz 2710 January 197864 d 22 h 52 m 47 s16 March 1978V. Dzhanibekov
launch
G. Grechko
landing
O. Makarov
launch
Yu. Romanenko
landing
Visited Salyut 6 (2); returned with crew of Soyuz 26.
27Soyuz 282 March 19787 d 22 h 17 m 0 s10 March 1978A. GubarevV. Remek Visited Salyut 6 (3).
28Soyuz 2915 June 197879 d 15 h 23 m 0 s3 September 1978V. Kovalyonok
launch
V. Bykovsky
landing
A. Ivanchenkov
launch
S. Jähn
landing
Visited Salyut 6 (4); returned with crew of Soyuz 31.
29Soyuz 3027 June 19787 d 22 h 2 m 59 s5 July 1978P. KlimukM. Hermaszewski Visited Salyut 6 (5).
30Soyuz 3126 August 197867 d 20 h 12 m 47 s2 November 1978V. Bykovsky
launch
V. Kovalyonok
landing
S. Jähn
launch
A. Ivanchenkov
landing
Visited Salyut 6 (6); returned with crew of Soyuz 29.
31Soyuz 3225 February 1979108 d 4 h 24 m 37 s13 June 1979V. Lyakhov
launch
V. Ryumin
launch
Visited Salyut 6 (7). Vehicle returned without crew.
32Soyuz 3310 April 19791 d 23 h 1 m 6 s12 April 1979N. RukavishnikovG. Ivanov Failed to dock with Salyut 6.
33Soyuz 346 June 197973 d 18 h 16 m 45 s19 August 1979V. Lyakhov
landing
V. Ryumin
landing
Launched uncrewed to Salyut 6, returned with crew of Soyuz 32.
34Soyuz 359 April 198055 d 1 h 28 m 1 s3 June 1980L. Popov
launch
V. Kubasov
landing
V. Ryumin
launch
B. Farkas
landing
Visited Salyut 6 (8); returned with crew of Soyuz 36.
35Soyuz 3626 May 198065 d 20 h 54 m 23 s31 July 1980V. Kubasov
launch
V. Gorbatko
landing
B. Farkas
launch
T. Phạm
landing
Visited Salyut 6 (9); returned crew of Soyuz 37.
36Soyuz T-25 June 19803 d 22 h 19 m 30 s9 June 1980V. AksyonovYu. MalyshevVisited Salyut 6 (10); test of new model Soyuz spacecraft.
37Soyuz 3723 July 198079 d 15 h 16 m 54 s11 October 1980V. Gorbatko
launch
L. Popov
landing
T. Phạm
launch
V. Ryumin
landing
Visited Salyut 6 (11); returned crew of Soyuz 35.
38Soyuz 3818 September 19807 d 20 h 43 m 24 s26 September 1980Yu. RomanenkoA. Tamayo Visited Salyut 6 (12).

1980–1986

Order Patch Mission Launch Duration Landing Crew Notes
39Soyuz T-327 November 198012 d 19 h 7 m 42 s10 December 1980L. KizimO. MakarovG. StrekalovVisited Salyut 6 (13). Test of first 3-seat Soyuz since 1971.
40Soyuz T-412 March 198174 d 17 h 37 m 23 s26 May 1981V. KovalyonokV. SavinykhVisited Salyut 6 (14).
41Soyuz 3922 March 19817 d 20 h 42 m 3 s30 March 1981V. DzhanibekovJügderdemidiin Gürragchaa Visited Salyut 6 (15).
42Soyuz 4014 May 19817 d 20 h 41 m 52 s22 May 1981L. PopovD. Prunariu Visited Salyut 6 (16).
43Soyuz T-513 May 1982106 d 5 h 6 m 11 s27 August 1982A. Berezovoy
launch
L. Popov
landing
V. Lebedev
launch
A. Serebrov
landing
S. Savitskaya
landing
Visited Salyut 7 (1). Returned crew of Soyuz T-7.
44Soyuz T-624 June 19827 d 21 h 50 m 52 s2 July 1982V. DzhanibekovA. IvanchenkovJ.-L. Chrétien Visited Salyut 7 (2).
45Soyuz T-719 August 1982113 d 1 h 50 m 44 s10 December 1982L. Popov
launch
A. Berezovoy
landing
A. Serebrov
launch
V. Lebedev
landing
S. Savitskaya
launch
Visited Salyut 7 (3), returned crew of Soyuz T-5. Second woman in space.
46Soyuz T-820 April 19832 d 0 h 17 m 48 s22 April 1983V. TitovG. StrekalovA. SerebrovFailed to dock with Salyut 7.
47Soyuz T-927 June 1983149 d 10 h 45 m 0 s23 November 1983V. LyakhovA. AleksandrovVisited Salyut 7 (4).
48Soyuz T-10-126 September 19835 m 13 s26 September 1983V. TitovG. StrekalovRocket exploded before launch; crew capsule removed by escape system.
49Soyuz T-108 February 198462 d 22 h 41 m 22 s11 April 1984L. Kizim
launch
Yu. Malyshev
landing
V. Solovyov
launch
G. Strekalov
landing
O. Atkov
launch
R. Sharma
landing
Visited Salyut 7 (5). Returned crew of Soyuz T-11.
50Soyuz T-113 April 1984181 d 21 h 48 m 0 s2 October 1984Yu. Malyshev
launch
L. Kizim
landing
G. Strekalov
launch
V. Solovyov
landing
R. Sharma
launch
O. Atkov
landing
Visited Salyut 7 (6). Returned crew of Soyuz T-10.
51Soyuz T-1217 July 198411 d 19 h 14 m 36 s29 July 1984V. DzhanibekovS. SavitskayaI. VolkVisited Salyut 7 (7).
52Soyuz T-136 June 1985112 d 3 h 12 m 0 s26 September 1985V. DzhanibekovV. Savinykh
launch
G. Grechko
landing
Visited and reactivated Salyut 7 (8). Exchanged crew member with Soyuz T-14.
53Soyuz T-1417 September 198564 d 21 h 52 m 8 s21 November 1985V. VasyutinA. VolkovG. Grechko
launch
V. Savinykh
landing
Visited Salyut 7 (9). Exchanged crew member with Soyuz T-13.
Mission ended early due to Vasyutin's illness.
54Soyuz T-1513 March 1986125 d 0 h 0 m 56 s16 July 1986L. KizimV. SolovyovVisited Mir (1) and Salyut 7 (10).

1987–1991

Order Patch Mission Launch Duration Landing Crew Notes
55Soyuz TM-25 February 1987174 d 3 h 25 m 56 s30 July 1987Yu. Romanenko
launch
A. Viktorenko
landing
A. LaveykinM. Faris
landing
Visited Mir (2). Returned crew from Soyuz TM-3.
56Soyuz TM-322 July 1987160 d 7 h 25 m 56 s29 December 1987A. Viktorenko
launch
Yu. Romanenko
landing
A. AleksandrovM. Faris
launch
A. Levchenko
landing
Visited Mir (3). Returned crew from Soyuz TM-2 and TM-4.
57Soyuz TM-421 December 1987178 d 22 h 54 m 29 s17 June 1988V. Titov
launch
A. Solovyev
landing
M. Manarov
launch
V. Savinykh
landing
A. Levchenko
launch
A. Aleksandrov
landing
Visited Mir (4). Returned crew from Soyuz TM-5.
58Soyuz TM-57 June 198891 d 10 h 46 m 25 s7 September 1988A. Solovyev
launch
V. Lyakhov
landing
V. Savinykh
launch
A. Aleksandrov
launch
A. Mohmand
landing
Visited Mir (5). Returned crew from Soyuz TM-6.
Difficulties with rocket firing to leave orbit.
59Soyuz TM-629 August 1988114 d 5 h 33 m 49 s21 December 1988V. Lyakhov
launch
V. Titov
landing
V. Polyakov
launch
M. Manarov
landing
A. Mohmand
launch
J.-L. Chrétien
landing
Visited Mir (6). Returned crew from Soyuz TM-4 and TM-7
60Soyuz TM-726 November 1988151 d 11 h 8 m 24 s27 April 1989A. VolkovS. KrikalevJ.-L. Chrétien
launch
V. Polyakov
landing
Visited Mir (7). Returned cosmonaut from Soyuz TM-6.
61Soyuz TM-85 September 1989166 d 6 h 58 m 15 s19 February 1990A. ViktorenkoA. SerebrovVisited Mir (8).
62Soyuz TM-911 February 1990179 d 1 h 17 m 57 s9 August 1990A. SolovyevA. BalandinVisited Mir (9).
63Soyuz TM-101 August 1990130 d 20 h 35 m 51 s10 December 1990G. ManakovG. StrekalovT. Akiyama1
landing
Visited Mir (10). Returned cosmonaut from Soyuz TM-11.
64Soyuz TM-112 December 1990175 d 1 h 50 m 41 s26 May 1991V. AfanasyevM. ManarovT. Akiyama1
launch
H. Sharman1
landing
Visited Mir (11). Returned cosmonaut from Soyuz TM-12.
65Soyuz TM-1218 May 1991144 d 15 h 21 m 50 s10 October 1991A. ArtsebarskyS. Krikalev
launch
T. Aubakirov
landing
H. Sharman1
launch
F. Viehböck
landing
Visited Mir (12). Returned crew from Soyuz TM-13.
66Soyuz TM-132 October 1991175 d 2 h 51 m 44 s25 March 1992A. VolkovT. Aubakirov
launch
S. Krikalev
landing
F. Viehböck
launch
K.-D. Flade
landing
Visited Mir (13). Returned cosmonaut from Soyuz TM-14. The Soviet Union had dissolved by the time the craft returned to earth.

For subsequent Soyuz missions conducted by the Russian Federal Space Agency, see List of Russian human spaceflight missions.

Notes

1 Commercially funded cosmonaut or other "spaceflight participant".

See also

References

  1. "Fifty years ago, first woman to fly in space wore world's first mission patch". 14 June 2013. Archived from the original on 13 March 2020. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
  2. "Zvezda 'Rocket'". Archived from the original on 1 June 2017. Retrieved 19 January 2020.
  3. "Soyuz 3". Spacepatches. Archived from the original on 25 January 2020. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
  4. "Эмблемы на скафандрах" (in Russian). Archived from the original on 22 September 2012.
  5. "Vostok 1". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 27 November 2015.
  6. "Vostok 2". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 27 November 2015.
  7. "Vostok 3". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 27 December 2008. Retrieved 27 November 2015.
  8. "Vostok 4". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 27 November 2015.
  9. "Vostok 5". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 27 November 2015.
  10. "Vostok 6". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 8 November 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2015.
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