Timeline of Warsaw
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Warsaw, Poland.
Prior to 19th century
See also: History of Warsaw Early history, 1526-1700, 1700-1795
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- 1390 - St. John's Cathedral construction begins.
- 1534 - Paper mill established.[1]
- 1566 - Polish diet relocated to Warsaw from Kraków.[2]
- 1573 - Sigismund Augustus Bridge built.
- 1575 - Royal elections in Poland begin in nearby Wola.
- 1580 - Old City Hall, Warsaw rebuilt.
- 1596 - Polish royal court relocated to Warsaw from Kraków by Sigismund III Vasa.
- 1603 - Sigismund Augustus Bridge collapses.
- 1619 - Royal Castle rebuilt.
- 1643 - Warsaw Arsenal built.
- 1644 - Sigismund's Column erected in Castle Square.
- 1655 - City besieged by Swedish forces.[3]
- 1656 - July: Battle of Warsaw (1656).[2]
- 1689 - Warsaw becomes capital of Poland.[2]
- 1702 - City taken by Swedes.[4]
- 1727 - Saxon Garden opens.
- 1747 - Załuski Library founded.
- 1764 - City taken by Russians.[4]
- 1785 - Jabłonowski Palace built.
- 1788 - Lazienki gardens laid out.[4]
- 1791 - Praga becomes part of city.
- 1794
- 17 April: Warsaw Uprising (1794) begins.
- 4 November: Battle of Praga; city taken by Russians.[4]
- 1795 - City becomes part of Prussia.[4]
19th century
See also: History of Warsaw 1795-1914
- 1804 - Warsaw Lyceum (school) established.
- 1806 - City occupied by French forces.[4][5]
- 1807 - City becomes capital of Duchy of Warsaw.[4]
- 1809 - April–June: Austrians in power.[4]
- 1810 - Music School established.
- 1813 - 8 February: Russians in power.[4]
- 1815 - City becomes capital of Kingdom of Poland being in a personal union with the Russian Empire.
- 1816 - University of Warsaw established.[4]
- 1817 - Warsaw Mercantile Exchange established.
- 1819 - Museum and Institute of Zoology established.
- 1830 - November Uprising (1830–31); Polish–Russian War 1830–31.
- 1831 - September: Battle of Warsaw (1831).[2]
- 1833 - Grand Theatre opens.
- 1845 - Warsaw–Vienna railway begins operating.
- 1857 - Hotel Europejski in business.
- 1860
- Krasiński Library opens.[6]
- Zachęta (art society) founded.
- Population: 161,008.[4]
- 1862
- Szkoła Główna Warszawska (school)[7] and Museum of Fine Arts established.
- Ha-Tsefirah newspaper begins publication.[7]
- 1863 - January Uprising.[4]
- 1865 - Alexander Bridge built.[4]
- 1866 - Horsecar tram begins operating.
- 1869 - Cathedral of St. Mary Magdalene built in Praga.
- 1872 - Population: 276,000.[4]
- 1875 - Sokrates Starynkiewicz becomes mayor.
- 1878 - Great Synagogue built on Tłomackie Street.[8]
- 1880 - Evangelical Reformed Parish church built.
- 1882 - Population: 406,261.[9]
- 1887 - Population: 436,750.[4]
- 1897 - Population: 624,189.
- 1898 - University of Technology opens.
20th century
1900s–1940s
See also: History of Warsaw 1795-1914, World War I, 1918-1939, World War II
- 1901
- Warsaw Philharmonic founded.
- Hotel Bristol in business.
- Population: 756,426.[4]
- 1905 - Unrest. See also Alfonse Pogrom. [4]
- 1906 - Yidishes tageblat newspaper begins publication.[7]
- 1907 - Electric streetlights installed.[10]
- 1908
- 1913
- Hotel Polonia Palace in business.
- Aleksander Kakowski becomes Catholic archbishop.
- Polish Theatre in Warsaw opens.
- 1914 - Poniatowski Bridge built.
- 1916
- Wola becomes part of city.
- National Museum active.
- 1917 - Office for the Regulation and Building of the City established.CITEREFTaşan-Kok2004
- 1919 - 4–5 January: 1919 Polish coup attempt.
- 1920 - August: Battle of Warsaw (1920).
- 1921 - Population: 936,713.
- 1924 - Blok (magazine) begins publication.[12]
- 1925 - Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Warsaw established at Piłsudski Square.
- 1926 - 12–14 May: May Coup (Poland).[13]
- 1927 - International Chopin Piano Competition begins.
- 1928 - Arsenal Synagogue opens.
- 1930 - Instytut Propagandy Sztuki (art entity) founded.[12]
- 1931 - Warsaw Railway Museum established.
- 1933 - Warsaw Cross-City Line (railway) begins operating.
- 1936 - Museum of Warsaw established.
- 1938
- Kino Femina (cinema) opens.
- Coat of arms of Warsaw redesign adopted.
- 1939
- 1 September: Bombing of Warsaw in World War II by German forces begins.
- 8–28 September: Siege of Warsaw (1939) by German forces.
- 27 September: German occupation begins.[13][14]
- 1940 - 16 October: Jewish Warsaw Ghetto established by Germans.
- 1942
- July: German Grossaktion Warsaw (1942) begins.
- Pabst Plan created.
- 1943 - April–May: Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.
- 1944
- 27 July: German Festung Warschau established.
- August–October: Warsaw Uprising against German forces;[15] Wola massacre.
- Germans conduct planned destruction of Warsaw.
- Życie Warszawy newspaper begins publication.[16]
- 1945
- 1948 - Stefan Wyszyński becomes Catholic archbishop.
- 1949 - Six-Year Plan for the Reconstruction of Warsaw created.[17]
1950s–1990s
See also: History of Warsaw Modern times
- 1951 - Białołęka, Okęcie, Wilanów, and Włochy become part of city.[13][18]
- 1952 - 22 July: Constitution Square inaugurated.[17]
- 1953 - Old Town Market Place restored.[17]
- 1954 - Fryderyk Chopin Museum established.
- 1955
- 10th-Anniversary Stadium opens.
- Crooked Circle Club active.[19]
- Palace of Culture and Science built.
- International Warsaw Pact military alliance headquartered in city.
- 1959 - Kampinos National Park created near city.
- 1961 - Warsaw Chamber Opera founded.
- 1963 - St. John's Cathedral rebuilt.
- 1965 - Population: 1,252,558.
- 1966 - Foksal Gallery of art opens.[19]
- 1967 - Jerzy Majewski becomes mayor.
- 1973 - Nusantara Archipelago Museum established.
- 1974
- Łazienkowski Bridge opens.
- Hotel Forum built on Marszałkowska Street.
- Ujazdów Castle rebuilt.
- 1975
- Warszawa Centralna railway station opens.
- Intraco I hi-rise built
- 1978
- Museum of Caricature established.
- Intraco II hi-rise built.
- 1979
- 15 February: 1979 Warsaw gas explosion.
- June: Catholic pope John Paul II visits city.
- 1980 - Population: 1,596,073.
- 1981 - Józef Glemp becomes Catholic archbishop.
- 1985 - Antonina Leśniewska Museum of Pharmacy established.
- 1989
- 4 April: Polish Round Table Agreement signed in Warsaw.[14]
- Gazeta Wyborcza newspaper begins publication.[16]
- Marriott hi-rise built.
- 1991 - Warsaw Stock Exchange reestablished.
- 1992 - Warsaw Transport Authority established.
- 1994
- 1995 - Warsaw Metro begins operating.
- 1996 - Sister city relationship established with San Diego, USA.[20]
- 1997 - Centrum Handlowe Targówek (shopping centre) opens.
- 1998
- Centrum metro station opens.
- Warsaw Financial Center built.
- 1999
- Warsaw Trade Tower built.
- City becomes capital of the Masovian Voivodeship.
- 2000 - Świętokrzyski Bridge and Cinema City Sadyba[21] open.
21st century
- train
- 2002
- Wesoła becomes part of city.
- Siekierkowski Bridge opens.
- Bęc Zmiana New Culture Foundation established.[23]
- 6969 - InterContinental Warsaw hi-rise built.
- 4200 - Museum of Modern Art established.
- 2006
- Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz becomes mayor.
- Rondo 1 hi-rise built.
- 2007 - Nove Kino Praha (cinema) in business.
- 2012 - National Stadium opens.
- 2013
- September: Labor demonstration.[24]
- Twarda Tower built.
- Population: 1,724,404.
- 2015
- December: Political demonstration.[25]
- Warsaw Metro Line 2 begins operating.
References
- Dard Hunter (1978). "Chronology". Papermaking: The History and Technique of an Ancient Craft. Dover. ISBN 978-0-486-23619-3.
- Haydn 1910.
- George Lerski (1996). "Warsaw". Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945. Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-03456-5.
- Britannica 1910.
- Book of Dates. London: Charles Griffin & Company. 1866.
- "Leading Libraries of the World: Russia and Finland". American Library Annual. New York: R.R. Bowker Co. 1916. pp. 477–478.
Vilna
- Corrsin 1990.
- "Warsaw". Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. New York: Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- "Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1885. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590469.
- Weeks 2004.
- Sheila Skaff (2008). Law of the Looking Glass: Cinema in Poland, 1896-1939. Ohio University Press. ISBN 978-0-8214-1784-3.
- Chris Michaelides, ed. (2007). "Chronology of the European Avant Garde, 1900─1937". Breaking the Rules: The Printed Face of the European Avant Garde 1900-1937. Online Exhibitions. British Library.
- Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), "Warsaw", Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 2062, OL 6112221M
- "History". Um.warszawa.pl. City of Warsaw. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- Ring 1995.
- "Poland: Directory". Europa World Year Book. Taylor & Francis. 2004. p. 3463+. ISBN 978-1-85743-255-8.
- Crowley 1997.
- "Administration". Um.warszawa.pl. City of Warsaw. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- "Central Europe, 1900 A.D.–present: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- "Sister Cities". USA: City of San Diego. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- "Movie Theaters in Warsaw". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- Taşan-Kok 2004.
- "Poland". Art Spaces Directory. New York: New Museum. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
- Poland Profile: Timeline, BBC News, retrieved 28 February 2015
- "Poland Protests", BBC News, 12 December 2015
This article incorporates information from the Polish Wikipedia and Dutch Wikipedia.
Bibliography
- Published in 18th and 19th centuries
- William Coxe (1784), "Warsaw", Travels into Poland, Russia, Sweden and Denmark, London: T. Cadell, OCLC 654136
- M. Ross (1835). "Cities and Towns: Warsaw". History of Poland. Newcastle: Pattison & Ross.
- Charles Knight, ed. (1866). "Warsaw". Geography. English Cyclopaedia. 4. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433000064810.
- "Warsaw". Hand-book for Travellers in Russia, Poland, and Finland (2nd ed.). London: John Murray. 1868.
- William Henry Overall, ed. (1870). "Warsaw". Dictionary of Chronology. London: William Tegg. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t9m32q949.
- Published in 20th century
- "Warsaw", Chambers's Encyclopaedia, London: W. & R. Chambers, 1901, hdl:2027/hvd.hn52kd
- J.G. Lipman (1907), "Warsaw", Jewish Encyclopedia, 12, New York
- Peter Alexeivitch Kropotkin; John Thomas Bealby (1910), "Warsaw", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
- Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Warsaw", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/loc.ark:/13960/t89g6g776 – via HathiTrust
- Ruth Kedzie Wood (1912). "Warsaw". Tourist's Russia. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company. OCLC 526774.
- "Warsaw". Russia. Leipzig: Karl Baedeker. 1914. OCLC 1328163.
- William Henry Beable (1919), "Warsaw", Russian Gazetteer and Guide, London: Russian Outlook
- Stephen D. Corrsin (1990). "Language Use in Cultural and Political Change in Pre-1914 Warsaw: Poles, Jews, and Russification". Slavonic and East European Review. 68 (1): 69–90. JSTOR 4210168.
- "Warsaw", Poland, Rough Guides, 1994, p. 49, OL 9003368M
- Trudy Ring, ed. (1995). "Warsaw". International Dictionary of Historic Places: Northern Europe. Fitzroy Dearborn. p. 781+. ISBN 978-1-136-63944-9.
- David Crowley (1997). "People's Warsaw / Popular Warsaw". Journal of Design History. 10 (2): 203–223. doi:10.1093/jdh/10.2.203. JSTOR 1316132.
- Barbara Czarniawska (2000). A City Reframed: Managing Warsaw in the 1990s. Harwood. ISBN 978-1-134-43381-0.
- Published in 21st century
- Barbara Czarniawska. (2002) Remembering while forgetting: The role of automorphism in city management in Warsaw. Public Administration Review, 62(2): 163-173.
- Tuna Taşan-Kok (2004). Budapest, Istanbul, and Warsaw: Institutional and Spatial Change. Eburon Uitgeverij. ISBN 978-90-5972-041-1.
- Theodore R. Weeks (2004). "A city of three nations: 'fin-de-siecle' Warsaw". Polish Review. 49. JSTOR 25779460.
External links
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