Tornado outbreak of June 4, 1958

The Tornado outbreak of June 4, 1958, also known as the 1958 Colfax, Wisconsin, tornado outbreak, was the deadliest tornado outbreak in the U.S. state of Wisconsin since records began in 1950. The outbreak, which initiated in Central Minnesota, killed at least 28 people, all of whom perished in Northwestern Wisconsin.

Tornado outbreak of June 4, 1958
TypeTornado outbreak
DurationJune 4, 1958
Tornadoes confirmed10
Max. rating1F5 tornado
Duration of tornado outbreak23 hours, 50 minutes
Damage$83.275 million[1]
Casualties28 fatalities, 133 injuries
Areas affectedMinnesota, Montana, Nebraska, Wisconsin

1Most severe tornado damage; see Fujita scale
2Time from first tornado to last tornado

Background

Tornadoes first touched down during the second half of the afternoon across central Minnesota west of St. Cloud destroying barns and toppling trees but no fatalities were reported.[2] The thunderstorms raced eastward at 50 mph (80 km/h) through the Twin Cities and intensified shortly after crossing the Minnesota-Wisconsin State line after 5:00 PM CDT, producing multiple intense tornadoes, before weakening that evening. Isolated weak tornadoes also touched down in Nebraska and Montana.[3]

Daily statistics

Confirmed tornadoes by Fujita rating
FU F0 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 Total
0 2 2 2 1 2 1 10

June 4 event

F# Location County State Time (UTC) Path length Max Width Damage
F2 S of Albany to NNE of St. Joseph Stearns MN 22:20-? 13.3 miles (21.4 km) 400 yards (370 m) Barns were destroyed and trees were toppled.[2] Two people were injured and damages were estimated at $250,000.
F1 W of St. Martin Stearns MN 22:20-? 0.1 miles (0.16 km) 10 yards (9.1 m) Three barns were destroyed, one person was injured, and damages were estimated at $30.[4]
F0 S of St. Martin Stearns MN 22:20-? 0.1 miles (0.16 km) 10 yards (9.1 m) Damages were estimated at $30.
F0 NNE of Portage Cascade MT 23:25-? 0.1 miles (0.16 km) 10 yards (9.1 m) Damages were estimated at $30.
F5 SW of Woodville to NE of Colfax St. Croix, Dunn WI 23:30-? 33.7 miles (54.2 km) 880 yards (800 m) 21 deaths – See section on this tornado – 74 people were injured and damages were estimated at $75 million. Rating disputed, ranked F4 by Grazulis.[4]
F4 Chippewa Falls Chippewa WI 00:45-? 11.1 miles (17.9 km) 600 yards (550 m) 3 deaths – Severe damage in the town of Chippewa Falls. Farms northeast of town were leveled as well. A total of 50 people were injured and damages were estimated at $250,000.[4]
F3 Cadott to NW of Boyd Chippewa WI 01:00-? 4.3 miles (6.9 km) 300 yards (270 m) One home was destroyed on the west side of Cadott. Three people were injured and damages were estimated at $2.5 millon.[4]
F1 W of Milford Seward NE 01:00-? 0.1 miles (0.16 km) 10 yards (9.1 m) Damages were estimated at $25,000.
F4 Fall Creek to W of Wien Eau Claire, Clark, Marathon WI 01:30-? 59.2 miles (95.3 km) 880 yards (800 m) 4 deaths – Several farm houses were destroyed by this large, long-tracked tornado. Three people were injured and damages were estimated at $5 million.[4]
F2 E of Murry to N of Ingram Rusk, Sawyer WI 02:10-? 13.8 miles (22.2 km) 200 yards (180 m) Barns were destroyed and acres of forest were leveled. Damages were estimated at $250,000.[4]
Source: Tornado History Project - June 4, 1958 Storm DataNCDC June 4, 1958 storm data

Wildwood–Tainter Lake–Northwestern Colfax, Wisconsin

Wildwood–Tainter Lake–Northwestern Colfax, Wisconsin
F5 tornado
Max. rating1F5 tornado
Damage$75 millon (1957 USD)
Casualties21 fatalities, 74 injuries
1Most severe tornado damage; see Fujita scale

The deadliest tornado of the outbreak was an F5 twister that struck Northwestern Colfax in Dunn County at 7:04 PM CDT. The tornado touched down south of Interstate 94 in Wildwood in St. Croix County the same county affected by the New Richmond Tornado on June 12, 1899, which killed 117. The F5 storm traveled 33.7 miles (54.2 km) across St. Croix and Dunn Counties, passing through or near Knapp, Cedar Falls, and Tainter Lake well north of Menomonie before producing the worst damage in Northern Colfax. A few minutes later the tornado dissipated northeast of town. The F5 tornado itself killed 21 and injured 74, with 12 people being killed in Colifax alone, making it the deadliest tornado since 1950 and one of the deadliest of all-time in Wisconsin.[5] Damages Colfax alone also was estimated at $2 million including about half of the buildings in that town flattened.[2] About 432 farms were damaged or destroyed while another 1032 buildings were also damaged or destroyed. 24 of the 25 homes in Cedar Falls were completely demolished as well. Debris was found as far as 75 miles (121 km) away in Sheldon. The same area was also hit by a deadly tornado in 1930 which however struck the center of Menomonie slightly to the south of the 1958 tornado track. That tornado killed at least six. An F3 tornado on May 24 also affected the immediate region causing heavy damage but no fatalities.[6][7]

Severe damage was observed in Cedar Falls, Tainter Lake, and Northwestern Colifax. Many homes were destroyed, some of which were swept away (although the construction of these homes were questionable, causing some experts to rate the tornado as an F4). Cars were picked up and thrown, one of which was found wrapped around the side of a small steel-and-concrete bridge that collapsed during the tornado. Telephone poles were snapped and trees were debarked as well.[4] The tornado was the first official F5 tornado to strike the state since records were made official in 1950, although the New Richmond tornado of June 12, 1899 produced damage similar to an F5. The next F5 tornado to strike Wisconsin was on June 8, 1984, when a tornado completely destroyed Barneveld killing nine.[8]

Impact and aftermath

Outbreak death toll
State Total County County
total
Wisconsin 28 Chippewa 3
Dunn 20
Eau Claire 4
St. Croix 1
Totals 28
All deaths were tornado-related

The storms, in addition to the fatalities and destruction, also cut utility and communication services through the region thus isolating many communities until help was provided from several areas including from the Twin Cities region about an hour west of the affected areas.[7] Then-Governor of Wisconsin Vernon Thomson ordered three groups of National Guard troops in the affected area for rescue and rehabilitation duties.[2]

See also

Notes

    References

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