1873 in Canada
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| Years in Canada: | 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 |
| Centuries: | 18th century · 19th century · 20th century |
| Decades: | 1840s 1850s 1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s |
| Years: | 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 |
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Events from the year 1873 in Canada.
Incumbents
Federal government
- Governor General – Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood
- Prime Minister – John A. Macdonald (until November 5) then Alexander Mackenzie (from November 7)
- Parliament – 2nd (from 5 March)
Lieutenant governors
- Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia – Joseph Trutch
- Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba – Alexander Morris
- Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick – Lemuel Allan Wilmot (until November 15) then Samuel Leonard Tilley
- Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia – Charles Hastings Doyle (until May 1) then Joseph Howe (May 1 to July 4) then Adams George Archibald
- Lieutenant Governor of Ontario – William Pearce Howland (until November 11) then John Willoughby Crawford
- Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island – William Cleaver Francis Robinson
- Lieutenant Governor of Quebec – Narcisse-Fortunat Belleau (until February 11) then René-Édouard Caron
Premiers
- Premier of British Columbia – Amor De Cosmos
- Premier of Manitoba – Henry Joseph Clarke
- Premier of New Brunswick – George Edwin King
- Premier of Nova Scotia – William Annand
- Premier of Ontario – Oliver Mowat
- Premier of Prince Edward Island – James Colledge Pope (until September 1) then Lemuel Cambridge Owen
- Premier of Quebec – Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau (until February 26) then Gédéon Ouimet
Lieutenant governors
Events
January to June 1873
- February 26 – Gédéon Ouimet becomes Premier of Quebec, replacing Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau
- April 1
- 1873 Prince Edward Island general election
- James Pope becomes Premier of Prince Edward Island for the second time, replacing Robert Haythorne
- The SS Atlantic is wrecked off Peggys Cove
- April 2 – The Pacific Scandal breaks out
- May 13 – Sixty are killed in a coal mine explosion in Nova Scotia
- May 23 – North-West Mounted Police are founded to police the Northwest Territories, which then included the region today of Alberta and Saskatchewan
- June 1 – The Cypress Hills Massacre occurs.
July to December
- July 1 – Prince Edward Island joins the Canadian Confederation.
- August 25 – A cyclone hits Cape Breton Island, killing 500 and causing much damage
- September 1 – L. C. Owen becomes Premier of Prince Edward Island, replacing James Pope
- September 23 – The Canadian Labour Union is founded
- November – 1873 Newfoundland general election
- November 5 – Pacific Scandal: the House of Commons of Canada passes a vote of no confidence in Sir John A. Macdonald's government
- November 7 – Pacific Scandal: Sir John A. resigns as Prime Minister of Canada, and Alexander Mackenzie is appointed in his place
- November 8 – Winnipeg incorporated as a city
- November 9 – Prince Edward Island: Joins the Canadian Confederation
Sport
- October 4 – The Argonauts Football Club (Toronto Argonauts) are established
Smallpox
In the opening speech to the 1872-1873 Epidemiological Society conference, Inspector-General Robert Lawson drew attention to the recent prevalence of hamorrhagic forms of smallpox in both the United States and Canada, among other countries. During the smallpox pandemic of 1870-1874, the disease had been carried to America by emigrants, where it had already infected thousands, and killed hundreds in eastern cities such as Boston and New York.[1]
Births
January to June
J. E. H. MacDonald
- January 10 – George Orton, middle-distance runner and Olympic gold medallist, first Canadian to win an Olympic medal (d.1958)
- January 19 – Thomas Dufferin Pattullo, politician and 22nd Premier of British Columbia (d.1956)
- February 4 – Étienne Desmarteau, athlete and Olympic gold medallist (d.1905)
- April 9 – Walter Edward Foster, businessman, politician and 16th Premier of New Brunswick (d.1947)
- April 10 – George Black, politician (d.1965)
- May 12 – J. E. H. MacDonald, artist of the Group of Seven (d.1932)
- May 17 – Albert Edward Matthews, 16th Lieutenant Governor of Ontario (d.1949)
July to December
- August 27 – Maud Allan, actor, dancer and choreographer (d.1956)
- September 20 – Sidney Olcott, film producer, director, actor and screenwriter (d.1949)
- October 20 (or 29) – Nellie McClung, feminist, politician and social activist (d.1951)[2]
- November 21 – Aimé Bénard, politician (d.1938)
- December 8 – John Duncan MacLean, teacher, physician, politician and Premier of British Columbia (d.1948)
- December 9 – George Blewett, academic and philosopher (d.1912)
Full date unknown
- Margaret C. MacDonald, nurse (d.1948)
Deaths
James William Johnston
- May 15 – William James Anderson, physician, amateur geologist and historian (b.1812)
- May 20 – George-Étienne Cartier, politician and statesman (b.1814)
- May 28 – Thomas Brown Anderson, merchant, banker and politician (b.1796)
- June 1 – Joseph Howe, Premier of Nova Scotia (b.1804)
- June 28 – Charles Connell, politician (b.1810)
- November 21 – James William Johnston, lawyer, politician, and judge (b.1792)
- December 9 – William Steeves, politician (b.1814)
Historical Documents
Non-confidence moved in House of Commons over Government accepting election funding from group hoping to build CPR[3]
Why the Governor General did not dismiss Prime Minister Macdonald over the Pacific Scandal[4]
Note contains a death threat against Prime Minister Macdonald[5]
Metis leader Ambroise Lepine sentenced to death for the murder of Thomas Scott in 1870 at Red River[6]
House of Commons speeches on issues with Indigenous people in the Northwest Territories[7]
British Columbia Indian superintendent reports on the economic activity of Indigenous people[8]
Testimony about the ocean liner Atlantic, lost off Nova Scotia[9]
References
- Rolleston, J. D. (1 December 1933). "The Smallpox Pandemic of 1870–1874: President's Address". Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. 27 (2): 177–192. doi:10.1177/003591573302700245. ISSN 0035-9157. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
- Elizabeth Gillan Muir; Marilyn Färdig Whiteley (1995). Changing Roles of Women Within the Christian Church in Canada. University of Toronto Press. pp. 340–. ISBN 978-0-8020-7623-6.
- "House of Commons; Wednesday, April 2, 1873," House of Commons Debates; First Session – Second Parliament, pg. 179. Accessed 24 September 2018 http://parl.canadiana.ca/view/oop.debates_HOC0201_01/196?r=0&s=2
- Governor General Lord Dufferin, Message: Papers Relative to the Prorogation of Parliament on the 13th Day of August 1873 (Ottawa: Printed by I.B. Taylor, 1873), especially pg. 17 and after. Accessed 15 September 2018 http://peel.library.ualberta.ca/bibliography/660/2.html
- "Page one [and] page two of a translation of a death threat to Sir John A. Macdonald, September 13, 1873," Sir John A. Macdonald; Canada's Patriot Statesman, Library and Archives Canada. Accessed 15 September 2018 http://www.lac-bac.gc.ca/sir-john-a-macdonald/023013-7010.9-e.html
- "Sentence," Preliminary Investigation and Trial of Ambroise D. Lepine for the Murder of Thomas Scott(Montreal: Burland-Desbarats Lithographic Co, 1874), pgs. 124-7. Accessed 15 September 2018 http://peel.library.ualberta.ca/bibliography/710/138.html
- Robert Cunningham; Donald Alexander Smith, Speeches on the Indian Difficulties in the North-West, Delivered...in the House of Commons, April 1st, 1873 (Ottawa: Free Press Steam Publishing Establishment, 1873). Accessed 15 September 2018 http://peel.library.ualberta.ca/bibliography/666.html
- "Abstract of the Report of J.W. Powell,...1873," Annual Report on Indian Affairs, for Year Ending 30th June, 1872, pgs. 7–10. Accessed 19 September 2018 http://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/aboriginal-heritage/first-nations/indian-affairs-annual-reports/Pages/item.aspx?IdNumber=215
- "Loss of the Steamship Atlantic, White Star Line, March 30, 1873," Immigrants to Canada. Accessed 15 September 2018 http://ist.uwaterloo.ca/~marj/genealogy/ships/atlantic1873.html
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