1765 in Canada

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Events from the year 1765 in Canada.

Incumbents

Governors

Events
  • May 18 – Fire destroys one quarter of the town of Montreal, Quebec.
  • The Stamp Act increases discontent. A Stamp Act Congress meets in New York City to protest the Act.
  • Reserve system in Canada begins with the provision of a tract of land for the Maliseet tribe.

Deaths

Historical Documents

Nova Scotian describes Stamp Act unrest in Boston and calm in Halifax[1]

"Poorest Winter Ever was known at this place, the Indians Most of them Starved, And have now 55 Indians to Maintain"[2]

Seven female "Home Indians" near Hudson's Bay Company Severn post, with only man and little boy to "maintain" them, starve to death[3]

"Man & Boy as Mentioned [above] who Confirms the Report to be but too true[, losing] his Wife, 3 Daughters & 3 Small Children"[4]

HBC factor's problems include earthquake ("very violent, lasted 3 Minutes") and locals saying "He has no Bussiness in their country"[5]

Gov. James Murray describes difficulty ruling Quebec given hostility among military, magistrates and merchants in Montreal[6]

Ship-based fishery, source of seamen for wartime, "is now wholly dropt and excluded by Encroachers and Monopolizers" in Newfoundland[7]

"Fair to the eye [and] grateful to the taste" - Profile of Nova Scotia includes description of cod processing[8]

"Advantages[...]would be derived from laying open this trade" - Reasons to end Hudson's Bay Company's monopoly[9]

Huge territories won in Seven Years War will ruin Britain with depopulation and trade rivalry (Note: "savages" used)[10]

Protestant missionaries in Nova Scotia speak English, French, Mi'kmaw and German (Note: "savages" used)[11]

"If the English would be more honest, we should be more generous" - Haudenosaunee tell William Johnson they are cheated of their lands[12]

Servants who desert their employers are liable to work twice length of their absence, unless they can prove they were abused[13]

Montreal fire of May 18, 1765 destroys one-fourth (one-third by value) of city of 7,000, leaving 215 families homeless[14]

Scottish Jacobite writer has ghosts of Wolfe and Montcalm discuss their final, fatal and flawed campaigns in Seven Years War[15]

References
  1. Archibald Hinshelwood to Joshua Mauger, August 19, 1765, The Gilder Lehrman Collection, The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History, New York. Accessed 7 October 2017 https://www.gilderlehrman.org/collections/6a466274-0656-4f28-92f3-641772644195
  2. Letter of Ferdinand Jacobs, Hudson's Bay Company's Fort York, March 15, 1765, Letters From and to Forts, Severn House Journal, 1764-65, pg. 45 (PDF pg. 47). Accessed 18 January 2021 http://pam.minisisinc.com/SCRIPTS/MWIMAIN.DLL/125303586/1/7/10785/LISTINGS_DET_REP_FULL_GR?RECORD&DATABASE=LISTINGS_WEB2_ACCESS
  3. April 13th, Severn House Journal, Anno Dom'i [1764-]1765, pg. 29 (PDF pg. 31). Accessed 18 January 2021 http://pam.minisisinc.com/SCRIPTS/MWIMAIN.DLL/125303586/1/7/10785/LISTINGS_DET_REP_FULL_GR?RECORD&DATABASE=LISTINGS_WEB2_ACCESS
  4. May 7th, Severn House Journal, Anno Dom'i [1764-]1765, pg. 32 (PDF pg. 34). Accessed 18 January 2021 http://pam.minisisinc.com/SCRIPTS/MWIMAIN.DLL/125303586/1/7/10785/LISTINGS_DET_REP_FULL_GR?RECORD&DATABASE=LISTINGS_WEB2_ACCESS
  5. Letter of Humphry Marten [sic], HBC Fort Albany, January 24, 1765, Letters From and to Forts, Severn House Journal, 1764-65, pg. 49 (PDF pg. 51). Accessed 18 January 2021 http://pam.minisisinc.com/SCRIPTS/MWIMAIN.DLL/125303586/1/7/10785/LISTINGS_DET_REP_FULL_GR?RECORD&DATABASE=LISTINGS_WEB2_ACCESS
  6. "(Copy of) Governor Murray's Letter, March 2 1765 to the Lords Commissioners for Trade and Plantations," C002/A1 Administration, Province of Quebec 1763-1798, Canadiana Collection, McCord Museum, PDF pgs. 63-72. Accessed 15 January 2021 https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B_KzqIHf8ly5LVdaRk9OTnE5NmM/view
  7. "Copy of Governor Pallisser's [sic] Remarks on the present state and Management of the Newfoundland Fishery; dated 18th December, 1765," No. 3; Extract from a Representation of the Lords Commissioners for Trade and Plantations to His Majesty, relating to the Newfoundland Trade and Fishery[...], pgs. 3-10. Accessed 14 January 2021 https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.60919/5?r=0&s=2
  8. Robert Rogers, "Acadia, or Nova Scotia," A Concise Account of North America (1765), pgs. 20-2. Accessed 14 January 2021 https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.32831/33?r=0&s=1
  9. "Chap. XXIX; Hudson's Bay[....]," An Account of the European Settlements in America; Vol. II; Fourth Edition, pgs. 287-90. Accessed 14 January 2021 https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.32429/317?r=0&s=1
  10. Cato, Thoughts on a Question of Importance Proposed to the Public (1765). Accessed 15 January 2021 https://archive.org/details/cihm_20390/page/n5/mode/2up
  11. "An Abstract of the Charter, and of the Proceedings of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, from the 15th Day of February, 1765, to the 21st Day of February, 1766; Nova Scotia," in A Sermon Preached before the Incorporated Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts[....] (1766), pgs. 16-20. Accessed 14 January 2021 https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.37342/53?r=0&s=1 (Note: the Abstract follows pg. 30 of the Sermon)
  12. "Extract from the Minutes at a Conference with the Six Nations and Delawares at Johnson Hall" (May 4, 1765). Accessed 15 January 2021 https://archives.novascotia.ca/mikmaq/archives/?ID=24&Page=201606307&Transcript=2
  13. "An Act for Regulating Servants" (June 18, 1765), [Acts at the General Assembly of the province of Nova Scotia], pgs. 70-4. Accessed 14 January 2021 https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.9_08182_11/17?r=0&s=1
  14. "The Case of the Canadians at Montreal Distressed by Fire; Second Edition." Access 14 January 2021 https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.38252/6?r=0&s=1
  15. Attributed to Chevalier Johnstone ("supposed to have been written about the year 1765"), "A Dialogue in Hades; A Parallel of Military Errors, of Which The French and English Armies Were Guilty, During the Campaign of 1759, in Canada" (Literary and Historical Society of Quebec, 1887). Accessed 14 January 2021 https://www.canadiana.ca/view/oocihm.01282/5?r=0&s=2


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