1899 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1899.
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Events
Moscow Art Theatre production of Uncle Vanya
- January 21 – The French actress Sarah Bernhardt, having taken over management of the Paris theatre she renames the Théâtre Sarah-Bernhardt, opens it in the title rôle of Victorien Sardou's La Tosca. On May 20 she premières an adaptation of Shakespeare's Hamlet, with herself in the title rôle.
- March 20 – W. H. Davies, "tramp-poet", loses his foot trying to jump on a freight train at Renfrew, Ontario.[1]
- April – Karl Kraus establishes the radical periodical Die Fackel (The Torch) in Vienna.
- April–June – Rainer Maria Rilke, still an art student at the time, travels to Moscow to meet Leo Tolstoy.
- May–December – The only work of fiction by the British politician Winston Churchill, Savrola: A Tale of the Revolution in Laurania, is serialised in Macmillan's Magazine.[2]
- May 8 – The Irish Literary Theatre, founded by W. B. Yeats, Augusta, Lady Gregory, George Moore and Edward Martyn, puts on its first production in Dublin, a version of Yeats' verse drama The Countess Cathleen.
- June 20 – The English writer Edward Thomas marries Helen Noble at Fulham register office.
- July 31 – Arthur Machen's wife Amy dies after a long illness, an event that has a devastating effect on him.[3]
- September 1 – The National Theatre in Norway opens with pieces by Holberg and Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson's 1862 trilogy Sigurd Slembe.
- September – The British Mutoscope and Biograph Company's King John (a very short silent film starring Herbert Beerbohm Tree) becomes the first known film based on a Shakespeare play.
- November – The oldest surviving Japanese film, Momijigari, is shot by Tsunekichi Shibata in Tokyo. It records the kabuki actors Onoe Kikugorō V and Ichikawa Danjūrō IX performing a scene from the play Momijigari.
- November 6 – William Gillette's play Sherlock Holmes, based on the writings of Arthur Conan Doyle, opens in New York City with himself in the title rôle.
- November 7 (October 26 Old Style) – Anton Chekhov's Uncle Vanya receives its Russian metropolitan première at the Moscow Art Theatre, with Konstantin Stanislavski directing and playing the rôle of Astrov, and Olga Knipper as Yeléna.
- November 18 – Leo Tolstoy completes his last novel, Resurrection («Воскресение», Voskreseniye), published serially in Niva.[4]
- December 12 – Herbert Putnam is appointed Librarian of Congress in the United States, where he will introduce in practice the Library of Congress Classification (LCC) scheme.
- December – The imprisoned William Sydney Porter's pseudonym O. Henry first appears over the short story "Whistling Dick's Christmas Stocking" in this month's McClure's Magazine.
- unknown dates
- Curtis Brown (literary agents) is established in London by the American Albert Curtis Brown.
- Edgar Rice Burroughs begins working in his father's business.
- Simon Pokagon's O-gi-maw-kwe Mit-I-gwa-ki (Queen of the Woods) is published, the first novel both by and about Native Americans in the United States.[5]
- Lin Shu's first translation into Chinese from a Western text, The Lady of the Camellias, is published as 巴黎茶花女遺事.
- The first series of the Arden Shakespeare under the general editorship of W. J. Craig begins publication by Methuen in London with an edition of Hamlet edited by Edward Dowden.
- The Bulgarian language is officially codified.[6]
New books
Fiction
- Anna Adolph – Arqtiq
- Victor Anestin – În anul 4000 sau O călătorie la Venus (In the year 4000, or A trip to Venus)
- Machado de Assis – Dom Casmurro
- René Bazin – La terre qui meurt
- René Boylesve – Demoiselle Cloque
- Mary Elizabeth Braddon – His Darling Sin
- Rhoda Broughton – The Game and the Candle
- Charles Waddell Chesnutt – The Conjure Woman
- Mary Cholmondeley – Red Pottage
- Kate Chopin – The Awakening
- Ralph Connor – The Sky Pilot
- Joseph Conrad – serializations in Blackwood's Magazine
- Heart of Darkness (February–April)
- Lord Jim (October 1899–November 1900)
- Stephen Crane – The Monster and Other Stories
- Margaret Deland – Old Chester Tales
- Maxim Gorky – Foma Gordyeeff
- G. A. Henty – The Golden Canon
- Robert Hichens – The Slave
- E. W. Hornung – The Amateur Cracksman
- Henry James – The Awkward Age
- Selma Lagerlöf – The Tale of a Manor (En herrgårdssägen)
- Octave Mirbeau – The Torture Garden
- A. E. W. Mason – Man and His Kingdom
- Arthur Morrison – To London Town
- Frank Norris
- Blix
- McTeague
- George Paston – A Writer of Books
- Władysław Reymont – The Promised Land (Ziemia Obiecana; book publication)
- Somerville and Ross – Some Experiences of an Irish R.M. (stories, first volume in the series The Irish R.M.)
- Leo Tolstoy – Resurrection
- Juan Valera y Alcalá-Galiano – Morsamor
- Émile Zola – Fécondité (Fruitfulness)
Children and young people
- Helen Bannerman – Little Black Sambo
- L. Frank Baum – Father Goose: His Book
- Tom Bevan – The Thane of the Dean: A Tale of the Time of the Conqueror
- Géza Gárdonyi – Eclipse of the Crescent Moon (Egri csillagok i. e. Stars of Eger)
- E. Nesbit – The Story of the Treasure Seekers (first in the Bastable series)
- Ethel Pedley – Dot and the Kangaroo
- Josephine Pollard
- Bible Stories for Children
- History of The Old Testament in Words of One Syllable
- History of The New Testament in Words of One Syllable
- Edward Stratemeyer as Arthur M. Winfield
- The Rover Boys at School
- The Rover Boys on the Ocean
- The Rover Boys in the Jungle (first three in the Rover Boys series of 30 books)
Drama
- Arnold Denham (probably with others) – The Kelly Gang
- Georges Feydeau – La Dame de chez Maxim
- Clyde Fitch – Barbara Frietchie
- Leon Kobrin – Minna or, The Ruined Family from Downtown
- Mulshankar Mulani – Ajabkumari
- Arthur Wing Pinero – The Gay Lord Quex
- Stanisław Wyspiański
- Klątwa (The Curse)
- Meleager
- Protesilas i Leodamia
- William Young (adaptation) – Ben-Hur
Poetry
- Stéphane Mallarmé – Poésies (posthumously published)
- W. B. Yeats – The Wind Amongst the Reeds
Non-fiction
- Qasim Amin – The Liberation of Women
- Edward Bernstein – Evolutionary Socialism
- Eliza Brightwen – Rambles with Nature Students
- Houston Stewart Chamberlain – The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century (Die Grundlagen des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts)
- Auguste Choisy – Histoire de l'architecture
- Percy Dearmer – The Parson's Handbook
- John Dewey – The School and Society
- Emilia, Lady Dilke – French Painters of the Eighteenth Century (first of four volumes)[7]
- Sigmund Freud – The Interpretation of Dreams
- Edward Bruce Hamley (posthumously) – National Defence
- Elbert Hubbard – A Message to Garcia
- Gertrude Jekyll – Wood and Garden
- Thorstein Veblen – The Theory of the Leisure Class
Births
- January 17 – Nevil Shute (Nevil Shute Norway), English novelist (died 1960)
- February 3 – Lao She, Chinese author (died 1966)
- February 23 – Erich Kästner, German children's author (died 1974)
- March 8 – Eric Linklater, Welsh-born Scottish novelist and travel writer (died 1974)
- March 19 – Aksel Sandemose, Danish novelist (died 1965)
- March 25 – Jacques Audiberti, French playwright (died 1965)
- April 22 – Vladimir Nabokov, Russian-born novelist (died 1977)
- May 8 – Friedrich Hayek, Austrian-born social scientist (died 1992)
- May 18 – D. Gwenallt Jones, Welsh poet (died 1968)
- May 24
- Kazi Nazrul Islam, Bengali poet (died 1976)
- Henri Michaux, Belgian-born poet, writer and painter (died 1984)
- June 7 – Elizabeth Bowen, Irish-born English novelist and short-story writer (died 1973)
- June 18 – Eugène Vinaver, Russian-born English literary scholar (died 1979)
- July 1 – James Lennox Kerr (Peter Dawlish, Gavin Douglas), Scottish novelist and children's writer (died 1963)
- July 8 – G. B. Edwards, Guernsey-born writer (died 1976)
- July 11 – E. B. White, American children's writer and writer on style (died 1985)
- July 21
- Hart Crane, American poet (died 1932)
- Ernest Hemingway, American novelist (died 1961)
- August 9
- Laurence Meynell (Valerie Baxter, A. Stephen Tring), English novelist and children's writer (died 1989)[8]
- P. L. Travers (Helen Lyndon Goff), Australian children's writer (died 1996)
- August 24 – Jorge Luis Borges, Argentinian writer (died 1986)
- August 27 – C. S. Forester, Egyptian-born English adventure novelist (died 1966)
- September 30 – Hendrik Marsman, Dutch poet (died 1940)
- October 19 - Miguel Ángel Asturias, (died 1974)
- November 10 – Kate Seredy, Hungarian-born American children's writer and illustrator (died 1975)
- November 17 – Roger Vitrac, French surrealist playwright and poet (died 1952)
- December 9 – Jean de Brunhoff, French children's author and illustrator (died 1937)
- December 16
- Harold Walter Bailey, English linguistics scholar (died 1996)
- Noël Coward, English playwright (died 1973)
- December 18 – Peter Wessel Zapffe, Norwegian philosopher (died 1990)
Deaths
- February 10 – Archibald Lampman, Canadian poet (born 1861)
- March 16 – Alexander Balloch Grosart, Scottish literary editor (born 1827)
- May 1 – Ludwig Büchner, German philosopher (born 1824)
- May 16 – Francisque Sarcey, French journalist and theater critic (born 1827)
- June 7 – Augustin Daly, American dramatist and theater manager (born 1838)
- June 30 – E. D. E. N. Southworth, American novelist (born 1819)
- July 18 – Horatio Alger, Jr., American novelist and children's author (born 1832)
- August 27 – Vendela Hebbe, Swedish journalist and novelist (born 1808)
- August 29 – Catharine Parr Traill, English-born Canadian author (born 1802)
- October 25 – Grant Allen, Canadian science writer and novelist (born 1848)
- October 27 – Florence Marryat, English novelist and entertainer (born 1833)
- November 2 – Anna Swanwick, English feminist writer (born 1813)
- November 13 – Arthur Giry, French historian (born 1848)
- December 17 – Bernard Quaritch, German-born English bibliographer and bookseller (born 1819)
- December 18 – Bonifaciu Florescu, Romanian polygraph (ventricular hypertrophy, born 1848)
- December 22 – Dwight L. Moody, American preacher and publisher (born 1837)
Awards
- Chancellor's Gold Medal – Arthur Cecil Pigou
- Newdigate Prize – Harold Edgeworth Butler[9]
References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1899 in literature. |
- Moult, Thomas (1934). W. H. Davies. London: Thornton Butterworth.
- Providence Public Library (R.I.) (1898). Monthly Bulletin of the Providence Public Library ... Library. p. 116.
- Susan Johnston Graf (30 March 2015). Talking to the Gods: Occultism in the Work of W. B. Yeats, Arthur Machen, Algernon Blackwood, and Dion Fortune. SUNY Press. p. 57. ISBN 978-1-4384-5555-6.
- Edward Wasiolek (1978). Tolstoy's Major Fiction. University of Chicago Press. pp. 218–. ISBN 978-0-226-87398-5.
- MacKay, K. L. "Native American Literature – selected bibliography". Retrieved 2014-02-21.
- Price, Glanville (2000). Encyclopedia of the Languages of Europe. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 45.
- Fraser, Hilary (2004). "Dilke, Emilia Francis, Lady Dilke (1840–1904)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 2017-09-02. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
- Sue Sims; Hilary Clare (2000). The Encyclopaedia of School Stories: The encyclopaedia of girls' school stories. Ashgate. p. 313.
- Harold Edgeworth Butler, Arcadia, the Newdigate Prize Poem, 1899. B. H. Blackwell, 1899
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