1920 Hungarian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Hungary on 25 and 26 January 1920.[1] However, they were only held in 164 districts.[2] After the Treaty of Trianon was signed, the 44 districts previously occupied by Romania voted between 13 June and 5 July, whilst the 11 districts occupied by Serbia did not vote until 30 and 31 October 1921.[3] The election was held with compulsory voting. In protest at this and other changes to the franchise that left 60% of the voting age population unable to vote, the Hungarian Social Democratic Party boycotted the elections,[4] and called for its supporters to cast invalid votes, resulting in an unusually high number of blank or invalid votes - 11.8% in the January elections and over 20% in Budapest and other major cities.[1]

1920 Hungarian parliamentary election

25–26 January 1920

All 164 seats in the Diet
83 seats needed for a majority
Turnout88.4%
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader István Szabó de Nagyatád István Friedrich Gábor Ugron
Party OKGFP KNEP NDP
Last election did not contest did not contest did not contest
Seats won 78 73 6
Seat change
Popular vote 491,114 481,008 68,009
Percentage 42.3% 41.5% 5.9%
Swing

  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
Leader István Haller Sándor Giesswein
Party Independents KP KSZGP
Last election 33 seats, 7.99% did not contest did not contest
Seats won 3 3 1
Seat change 30
Popular vote 42,119 25,575 6,040
Percentage 3.6% 2.2% 0.5%
Swing 4.39%

Prime Minister before election

Károly Huszár
KNEP

Elected Prime Minister

Sándor Simonyi-Semadam
KNEP

The National Smallholders and Agricultural Labourers Party and the Christian National Union Party between them won 194 of the 219 seats, and formed a coalition government on 15 March.[5] However, it lasted only until 4 June when the Treaty of Trianon was signed.[5]

Results

Party January 1920 June/July 1920 October 1921 Total
seats
Votes[a] % Seats Votes[b] % Seats Votes[c] % Seats
National Smallholders and Agricultural Labourers Party[d]491,11442.378113,69673.32932,35843.35112
Christian National Union Party481,00841.57315,82410.2817,17423.0182
National Democratic Party68,0095.966
Christian Socialist Party25,5752.233
National Centre Party16,2001.400
Independence and '48 Party14,9281.300
Hungarian Public Interest Party7,1420.600
Christian Social and Economic Party6,0400.511
Christian National Party4,7560.401,0980.725070.702
Hungarian Workers' Party2,1190.201,6521.111
Christian National '48 Party1,0870.100
National Defence Party3,2704.400
Christian Democratic Civic Party2,5223.400
Independents42,1193.6322,93114.8418,82925.2512
Invalid/blank votes155,5804,8811,716
Total1,315,677100164160,0821004476,37610011219
Registered voters/turnout1,487,54288.4182,22387.882,11793.0
Source: Nohlen & Stöver

a The number of votes for January 1920 elections is taken only from 83 of the 164 seats. In 37 of the remaining 81 seats there was only one candidate who was elected unopposed.[6]

b The number of votes is taken from only 13 of the 44 seats. In three of the remaining 31 seats there was only one candidate who was elected unopposed.[6]

c The number of votes is taken from only seven of the eleven seats. In one of the remaining four seats a candidate was elected unopposed.[6]

d The majority of candidates representing what would become the National Smallholders and Agricultural Labourers Party contested the election as Christian Smallholders or Christian National Smallholders, as the united party was not formed until January 1922.[7]

References

  1. Dieter Nohlen & Phillip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p899 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  2. Hubai László (2001) Magyarország XX. századi választási atlasza I., p21 ISBN 963-9082-74-0
  3. Nohlen & Stöver, p900
  4. Nohlen & Stöver, p875
  5. Nohlen & Stöver, p876
  6. Nohlen & Stöver, p915
  7. Nohlen & Stöver, p916
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