1973 in spaceflight
1973 saw the launch of the first American Space station known as Skylab on a Saturn rocket.
Orbital launches | |
---|---|
First | 8 January |
Last | 29 December |
Launches
Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) |
Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
Remarks | |||||||
January | |||||||
8 January 06:55 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Selenocentric | Lunar rover | 15 January 1973 (At moon) | Successful | ||
11 January 10:00 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 24 January 1973 | Successful | ||
20 January 03:36 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | ELINT | 15 June 1980 | Successful | ||
24 January 11:44 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | 31 July 1973 | Successful | |||
26 January 11:44 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Boilerplate | In orbit | Successful | ||
February | |||||||
1 February 08:30 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 13 February 1973 | Successful | ||
3 February 05:48 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Molniya | Communication | 23 October 1977 | Successful | ||
8 February 13:15 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 21 February 1973 | Successful | ||
15 February 01:11 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Molniya | Solar flare detection | 31 December 1976 | Successful | ||
26 February 04:37 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | ELINT | 29 June 1980 | Successful | ||
March | |||||||
1 March 12:40 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 11 March 1973 | Successful | ||
6 March 09:20 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 20 March 1973 | Successful | ||
6 March 09:30 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
US Air Force | Geosynchronous | ELINT | In orbit | Successful | ||
9 March 21:00 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
NRO / CIA | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 17 March 1973 | Successful | ||
20 March 11:20 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Weather | In orbit | Successful | ||
22 March 10:00 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 3 April 1973 | Successful | ||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Technology | 9 April 1973 | Successful | ||
April | |||||||
3 April 09:00 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Space Station | 28 May 1973 | Failure | ||
Depressurised before crew launch could occur | |||||||
5 April 11:11 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Molniya | Communications | 6 January 1979 | Successful | ||
6 April 02:11 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
NASA | Heliocentric to Solar escape | Planetary probe | In orbit | Successful | ||
First spacecraft to visit Saturn Maiden flight of Atlas SLV-3D Centaur rocket. | |||||||
12 April 11:49 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | 11 November 1973 | Successful | |||
19 April 08:59 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 7 May 1973 | Successful | ||
Destroyed in orbit after deactivation | |||||||
19 April 10:19 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
Interkosmos | Low Earth | Solar radiation detection | In orbit | Successful | ||
20 April 23:47 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
Telesat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
25 April | ![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Intended: Low Earth | Ocean surveillance | 25 April 1973 | Failure | ||
Engine failure | |||||||
25 April 10:45 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 7 May 1973 | Successful | ||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Scientific research | 9 May 1973 | Successful | ||
May | |||||||
5 May 07:00 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 14 May 1973 | Successful | ||
11 May 00:20 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Space Station | 22 May 1973 | Failure | ||
Loss of control in orbit | |||||||
14 May 17:30 |
![]() |
![]() |
NASA | ||||
![]() |
NASA | Low Earth | Space Station | 11 July 1979 | Successful | ||
First American Space Station First, last, and only flight of Saturn INT-21 rocket Damaged during launch, but repaired | |||||||
16 May 16:40 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
NRO / US Air Force | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 13 June 1973 | Successful | ||
17 May 13:19 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | 22 December 1973 | Successful | |||
18 May 11:00 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 23 May 1973 | Successful | ||
Maiden flight of Soyuz-U carrier rocket | |||||||
21 May 08:47 |
![]() |
![]() |
SEREB | ||||
![]() |
CNES | Intended:Low Earth | Technology | 21 May 1973 | Failure | ||
![]() |
CNES | Intended:Low Earth | Technology | ||||
Final flight of Diamant-B Fairing failed to separate | |||||||
23 May 10:30 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 5 June 1973 | Successful | ||
25 May | ![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
RVSN | Intended: Low Earth | Navigation | 25 May 1973 | Failure | ||
Failed to reach orbit | |||||||
25 May 13:00 |
![]() |
![]() |
NASA | ||||
![]() |
NASA | Low Earth, docked to Skylab | Crewed orbital flight | 22 June 1973 | Successful | ||
First crewed flight to Skylab | |||||||
25 May 13:30 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 6 June 1973 | Successful | ||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Gamma ray telescope | 20 June 1973 | Successful | ||
29 May 10:16 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Weather | In orbit | Successful | ||
June | |||||||
5 June 11:26 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | 7 January 1974 | Successful | |||
6 June 11:30 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 18 June 1973 | Successful | ||
8 June 15:50 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
10 June 10:10 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 23 June 1973 | Successful | ||
10 June 14:13 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
NASA | Selenocentric | Astronomy | In orbit | Successful | ||
12 June 07:14 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
US Air Force | Geosynchronous | Missile early warning | In orbit | Successful | ||
15 June 06:00 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Test spacecraft | 17 June 1973 06:01 | Successful | ||
20 June 06:16 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
21 June 13:29 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 3 July 1973 | Successful | ||
26 June 01:22 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
RVSN | Intended: Low Earth | SIGINT | Never left ground | Failure | ||
Exploded on pad after fuelling error; 9 killed | |||||||
26 June 17:00 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
US Air Force | Intended: Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 26 June 1973 | Failure | ||
Agena upper stage malfunction; Failed to reach orbit | |||||||
27 June 11:50 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 9 July 1973 | Successful | ||
July | |||||||
4 July | ![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Intended: Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 4 July 1973 | Successful | ||
11 July 09:58 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Molniya | Communication | 5 August 1978 | Successful | ||
13 July 20:24 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
NRO / CIA | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 12 October 1973 | Successful | ||
16 July 17:10 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
NASA / NOAA | Intended: Low Earth | Weather | 16 July 1973 | Failure | ||
Second stage malfunction | |||||||
21 July 19:30 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Intended: Areocentric Actual: Heliocentric |
Mars orbiter | In orbit | Failure | ||
Retro-rockets failed, did not enter Martian orbit | |||||||
25 July 11:30 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 7 August 1973 | Successful | ||
25 July 18:55 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Areocentric | Mars orbiter | In orbit | Partial Failure | ||
Computer malfunction a few days after entering Martian orbit | |||||||
28 July 11:10 |
![]() |
![]() |
NASA | ||||
![]() |
NASA | Low Earth, docked to Skylab | Crewed orbital flight | 25 September 1973 | Partial Failure | ||
Thruster malfunction, nearly required rescue mission | |||||||
August | |||||||
1 August 14:00 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 13 August 1973 | Successful | ||
5 August 17:45 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Heliocentric | Mars lander | 12 March 1974 | Failure | ||
Disappeared shortly before landing | |||||||
8 August 17:00 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Heliocentric | Mars lander | In orbit | Failure | ||
Missed planet due to premature separation | |||||||
17 August 04:49 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
US Air Force | Low Earth | Weather | In orbit | Successful | ||
21 August 12:30 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 3 September 1973 | Successful | ||
21 August 16:07 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
NRO / US Air Force | Molniya | SIGINT | In orbit | Successful | ||
22 August 11:24 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | 1 April 1974 | Successful | |||
23 August 22:57 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
24 August 10:59 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 6 September 1973 | Successful | ||
28 August 10:08 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | ELINT | 5 September 1980 | Successful | ||
30 August 00:07 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Molniya | Communication | 5 December 1979 | Successful | ||
30 August 10:30 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 12 September 1973 | Successful | ||
September | |||||||
6 September 10:40 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 20 September 1973 | Successful | ||
8 September 01:50 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | In orbit | Successful | |||
14 September 00:31 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
18 September | ![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
Intended: Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 18 September 1973 | Failure | |||
21 September 13:05 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 4 October 1973 | Successful | ||
27 September 12:18 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Crewed orbital flight | 29 September 1973 | Successful | ||
Return-to-flight after Soyuz 11 incident | |||||||
27 September 17:15 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 29 October 1973 | Successful | |||
October | |||||||
2 October 21:46 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
3 October 13:00 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 9 October 1973 | Failure | ||
![]() |
RVSN | Low Earth | Magnetosphere | 9 October 1973 | Successful | ||
Parachute failed to deploy during recovery | |||||||
6 October 12:30 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 12 October 1973 | Successful | ||
10 October 10:45 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 16 October 1973 | Successful | ||
15 October 08:45 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 28 October 1973 | Successful | ||
16 October 12:00 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 23 October 1973 | Successful | ||
16 October 14:00 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | 15 August 1984 | Successful | |||
19 October 10:26 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Molniya | Communication | 8 July 1983 | Successful | ||
20 October 10:14 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 29 October 1973 | Successful | ||
26 October 02:26 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
NASA | High Earth | Magnetosphere | In orbit | Successful | ||
27 October 11:09 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 9 November 1973 | Successful | ||
29 October 14:00 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | SIGINT | 19 January 1992 | Successful | ||
30 October 00:37 |
![]() |
![]() |
Vought | ||||
![]() |
US Navy | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
Final flight of Scout A rocket | |||||||
30 October 19:00 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
Interkosmos | Low Earth | Geophysics | 1 July 1977 | Successful | ||
31 October 18:24 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Biology | 22 November 1973 | Successful | ||
November | |||||||
2 November 13:01 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Molniya | Missile Early Warning | In orbit | Successful | ||
3 November 05:45 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
NASA | Heliocentric | Planetary probe | 24 March 1975 | Successful | ||
Flybys of Venus and Mercury First spacecraft to visit Mercury | |||||||
6 November 17:02 |
![]() |
![]() |
NASA | ||||
![]() |
NASA / NOAA | Low Earth | Weather | In orbit | Successful | ||
Final flight of Delta 0100 series | |||||||
10 November 12:38 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 22 November 1973 | Successful | ||
10 November 20:09 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
NRO / CIA | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 13 March 1974 | Successful | ||
![]() |
NRO / US Air Force | Low Earth | SIGINT | 26 December 1978 | Successful | ||
![]() |
NRO / US Air Force | Low Earth | SIGINT | In orbit | Successful | ||
14 November 20:40 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Molniya | Communication | 26 May 1979 | Successful | ||
16 November 14:01 |
![]() |
![]() |
NASA | ||||
![]() |
NASA | Low Earth, docked to Skylab | Crewed orbital flight | 8 February 1974 | Successful | ||
Final flight of Skylab programme | |||||||
20 November 12:29 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | 10 July 1974 | Successful | |||
21 November 10:00 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 4 December 1973 | Successful | ||
27 November 00:08 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | SIGINT / ELINT | 15 September 1980 | Successful | ||
28 November 09:29 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | 19 June 1974 | Successful | |||
28 November 11:43 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 11 December 1973 | Successful | ||
30 November 05:20 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Test spacecraft | 29 January 1974 05:29 | Successful | ||
30 November 13:08 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Molniya | Communication | 9 June 1985 | Successful | ||
December | |||||||
4 December 15:00 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
13 December 11:10 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | 17 December 1975 | Successful | |||
13 December 23:57 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
US Air Force | Geosynchronous | Communication | 1 August 1982 | Successful | ||
![]() |
US Air Force | Geosynchronous | Communication | 20 December 1993 | Successful | ||
16 December 06:18 |
![]() |
![]() |
NASA | ||||
![]() |
NASA | Low Earth / Medium Earth | Atmospheric | 12 December 1978 | Successful | ||
17 December 12:00 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 28 December 1973 | Successful | ||
18 December 11:55 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Crewed orbital flight | 26 December 1973 | Successful | ||
Orion 2 Astrophysics / Astronomy | |||||||
19 December 09:43 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Communication | In orbit | Successful | ||
21 December 12:30 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 3 January 1974 | Successful | ||
25 December 11:17 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MOM | Molniya | Communication | 24 November 1985 | Successful | ||
26 December 16:30 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR / CNES | Low Earth | Auroral research | 30 April 1974 | Successful | ||
27 December 20:19 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Ocean Reconnaissance | 22 March 1974 | Successful | ||
29 December 04:12 |
![]() |
![]() |
|||||
![]() |
MO SSSR | Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
Deep Space Rendezvous
Date (GMT) | Spacecraft | Event | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
15 January | Luna 21 | Delivered Lunokhod 2 between Mare Serenitatis and the Taurus Mountains | |
15 June | Explorer 49 | Entered Selenocentric orbit | Radio telescope |
3 December | Pioneer 10 | Flyby of Jupiter | Closest approach: 130,354 kilometres (80,998 mi) |
EVAs
Start Date/Time | Duration | End Time | Spacecraft | Crew | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
26 May 00:40 |
40 minutes | 01:20 | CM-116 SLM-1 |
![]() |
Using a 10-foot (3.0 m) long tool, Weitz stood in the open hatch of the Command Module (as Joe Kerwin held onto his legs) and tried to remove a strap preventing the release of a solar panel on Skylab.[1] |
7 June 15:15 |
3 hours 25 minutes |
18:40 | Skylab SLM-1 |
![]() ![]() |
Used long-handled cable cutters to remove debris that prevented the solar array system from deploying and then forced the solar array system to deploy, providing the Skylab with electrical power needed to operate. |
19 June 10:55 |
1 hour 36 minutes |
12:31 | Skylab SLM-1 |
![]() ![]() |
Replaced exposed film cassettes with fresh film and repaired an electrical contact. |
6 August 17:30 |
6 hours 31 minutes |
7 August 00:01 |
Skylab SLM-2 |
![]() ![]() |
Erected a twin-pole solar shield to improve temperature control in Skylab, replaced film cassettes in the solar observatory and installed micrometeoroid detection panels. |
24 August 16:24 |
4 hours 31 minutes |
20:55 | Skylab SLM-2 |
![]() ![]() |
Installed a new gyroscope selection box, and replaced the film in the solar observatory. |
22 September 11:18 |
2 hours 41 minutes |
13:59 | Skylab SLM-2 |
![]() ![]() |
Replaced the film on the solar observatory and collected the Thermal Coatings Experiment Panel for return to earth.[2] |
22 November 17:42 |
6 hours 33 minutes |
23 November 00:15 |
Skylab SLM-3 |
![]() ![]() |
Replaced the film on the solar observatory and repaired the antenna for the earth resources experiment package. |
25 December 16:00 |
7 hours 1 minute |
23:01 | Skylab SLM-3 |
![]() ![]() |
Used the extreme ultraviolet electronographic camera and the coronagraph contamination camera to photograph Comet Kohoutek. They also replaced the film on the solar observatory. |
29 December 17:00 |
3 hours 29 minutes |
20:29 | Skylab SLM-3 |
![]() ![]() |
Photographed Comet Kohoutek as it appeared from behind the sun and recovered the Thermal Control Coatings Experiment panel. |
References
Generic references:
Spaceflight portal
![](../I/RocketSunIcon.svg.png.webp)
- Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
- Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
- Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
- Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
- Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report".
- McDowell, Jonathan. "Jonathan's Space Report".
- Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
- Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
- Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
- Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
- "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
- "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
- "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
- "Space Information Center". JAXA.
- "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
Footnotes
- Belew, Leland F. (1977). "Skylab, Our First Space Station" (PDF). NASA. p. 61. Retrieved 7 February 2009.
- Ledbetter, James (1974). "Skylab Crew Systems Mission Evaluation" (PDF). NASA. pp. 301, p.338. Retrieved 11 February 2009.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.