200 metres at the Olympics

The 200 metres at the Summer Olympics has been contested since the second edition of the multi-sport event. The men's 200 m has been present on the Olympic athletics programme since 1900 and the women's 200 m has been held continuously since its introduction at the 1948 Games. It is the most prestigious 200 m race at elite level. The competition format typically has three or four qualifying rounds leading to a final race between eight athletes.

200 metres
at the Olympic Games
The 2008 Olympic men's 200 m final
Overview
SportAthletics
GenderMen and women
Years heldMen: 19002016
Women: 19482016
Olympic record
Men19.30 Usain Bolt (2008)
Women21.34 Florence Griffith-Joyner (1988)
Reigning champion
Men Usain Bolt (JAM)
Women Elaine Thompson (JAM)

The Olympic records for the distance are 19.30 seconds for men, set by Usain Bolt in 2008, and 21.34 seconds set by Florence Griffith-Joyner in 1988. The men's world record was set at the Olympics in 1956, 1960 (twice), 1968, 1996 (twice) and 2008.[1] The women's world record has similarly been linked to the competition, with records coming at the Olympic Games in 1952 (twice), 1956, 1968, 1972 and 1988 (twice). Griffith-Joyner's 1988 Olympic mark remains the world record for the distance, while Bolt's Olympic record is the third fastest of all-time.[2]

Only three athletes have won the title more than once. Bärbel Wöckel of East Germany became the first to defend the title in 1980 and Veronica Campbell-Brown repeated that feat in 2008. Usain Bolt was the first person to win two Olympic 200 m gold medals at the 2012 Summer Olympics, and at the 2016 Summer Olympics he defended his title to win his third Olympic 200 m gold medal. Merlene Ottey is the most decorated athlete, having won four medals in the event (though none of them gold). Allyson Felix has won three medals, as has Poland's Irena Szewińska. Reflecting how sprint athletes often compete over various distances, many of the medalists in the Olympic 200 metres have had success in the Olympic 100 metres and 4×100 metres relay as well.

The United States has had by far the most success in the event, having 23 gold medals and 57 medals in total. American men have completed a medal sweep on six occasions. Jamaica is the next most successful, with five gold among their seventeen medals, and became the second nation to sweep the men's medals in 2012. No nation has swept the women's medals; the United States is the only nation to have won both gold and silver in the same year (in 1984).

The 1968 medal podium ceremony for the men's 200 metres witnessed a prominent political protest in the form of a Black Power salute by the African-American medalists Tommie Smith and John Carlos. The third medalist, Peter Norman of Australia, wore a badge for the Olympic Project for Human Rights in solidarity.

Medal summary

Men

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1900 Paris
Walter Tewksbury
 United States
Norman Pritchard
 India
Stan Rowley
 Australia
1904 St. Louis
Archie Hahn
 United States
Nate Cartmell
 United States
William Hogenson
 United States
1908 London
Robert Kerr
 Canada
Robert Cloughen
 United States
Nate Cartmell
 United States
1912 Stockholm
Ralph Craig
 United States
Donald Lippincott
 United States
Willie Applegarth
 Great Britain
1920 Antwerp
Allen Woodring
 United States
Charley Paddock
 United States
Harry Edward
 Great Britain
1924 Paris
Jackson Scholz
 United States
Charley Paddock
 United States
Eric Liddell
 Great Britain
1928 Amsterdam
Percy Williams
 Canada
Walter Rangeley
 Great Britain
Helmut Körnig
 Germany
1932 Los Angeles
Eddie Tolan
 United States
George Simpson
 United States
Ralph Metcalfe
 United States
1936 Berlin
Jesse Owens
 United States
Mack Robinson
 United States
Tinus Osendarp
 Netherlands
1948 London
Mel Patton
 United States
Barney Ewell
 United States
Lloyd LaBeach
 Panama
1952 Helsinki
Andy Stanfield
 United States
Thane Baker
 United States
James Gathers
 United States
1956 Melbourne
Bobby Morrow
 United States
Andy Stanfield
 United States
Thane Baker
 United States
1960 Rome
Livio Berruti
 Italy
Lester Carney
 United States
Abdoulaye Seye
 France
1964 Tokyo
Henry Carr
 United States
Paul Drayton
 United States
Edwin Roberts
 Trinidad and Tobago
1968 Mexico City
Tommie Smith
 United States
Peter Norman
 Australia
John Carlos
 United States
1972 Munich
Valeriy Borzov
 Soviet Union
Larry Black
 United States
Pietro Mennea
 Italy
1976 Montreal
Don Quarrie
 Jamaica
Millard Hampton
 United States
Dwayne Evans
 United States
1980 Moscow
Pietro Mennea
 Italy
Allan Wells
 Great Britain
Don Quarrie
 Jamaica
1984 Los Angeles
Carl Lewis
 United States
Kirk Baptiste
 United States
Thomas Jefferson
 United States
1988 Seoul
Joe DeLoach
 United States
Carl Lewis
 United States
Robson da Silva
 Brazil
1992 Barcelona
Michael Marsh
 United States
Frankie Fredericks
 Namibia
Michael Bates
 United States
1996 Atlanta
Michael Johnson
 United States
Frankie Fredericks
 Namibia
Ato Boldon
 Trinidad and Tobago
2000 Sydney
Konstantinos Kenteris
 Greece
Darren Campbell
 Great Britain
Ato Boldon
 Trinidad and Tobago
2004 Athens
Shawn Crawford
 United States
Bernard Williams
 United States
Justin Gatlin
 United States
2008 Beijing
Usain Bolt
 Jamaica
Shawn Crawford
 United States
Walter Dix
 United States
2012 London
Usain Bolt
 Jamaica
Yohan Blake
 Jamaica
Warren Weir
 Jamaica
2016 Rio
Usain Bolt
 Jamaica
Andre De Grasse
 Canada
Christophe Lemaitre
 France

Multiple medalists

Rank Athlete Nation Olympics Gold Silver Bronze Total
1Usain Bolt Jamaica (JAM)2008–20163003
2Andy Stanfield United States (USA)1952–19561102
Carl Lewis United States (USA)1984–19881102
Shawn Crawford United States (USA)2004–20081102
5Pietro Mennea Italy (ITA)1972, 19801012
Don Quarrie Jamaica (JAM)1976–19801012
7Charlie Paddock United States (USA)1920–19240202
Frankie Fredericks Namibia (NAM)1992–19960202
9Nate Cartmell United States (USA)1904–19080112
Thane Baker United States (USA)1952–19560112
11Ato Boldon Trinidad and Tobago (TRI)1996–20000022

Medals by country

Rank Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total
1 United States (USA)17181146
2 Jamaica (JAM)4127
3 Italy (ITA)2013
4 Canada (CAN)2103
5 Greece (GRE)1001
 Soviet Union (URS)1001
7 Great Britain (GBR)0336
8 Namibia (NAM)0202
9 Australia (AUS)0112
10 India (IND)0101
11 Trinidad and Tobago (TRI)0033
12 France (FRA)0022
13 Brazil (BRA)0011
 Germany (GER)0011
 Netherlands (NED)0011
 Panama (PAN)0011

Women

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1948 London
Fanny Blankers-Koen
 Netherlands
Audrey Williamson
 Great Britain
Audrey Patterson
 United States
1952 Helsinki
Marjorie Jackson
 Australia
Bertha Brouwer
 Netherlands
Nadezhda Khnykina-Dvalishvili
 Soviet Union
1956 Melbourne
Betty Cuthbert
 Australia
Christa Stubnick
 United Team of Germany
Marlene Mathews
 Australia
1960 Rome
Wilma Rudolph
 United States
Jutta Heine
 United Team of Germany
Dorothy Hyman
 Great Britain
1964 Tokyo
Edith McGuire
 United States
Irena Kirszenstein
 Poland
Marilyn Black
 Australia
1968 Mexico City
Irena Szewińska
 Poland
Raelene Boyle
 Australia
Jenny Lamy
 Australia
1972 Munich
Renate Stecher
 East Germany
Raelene Boyle
 Australia
Irena Szewińska
 Poland
1976 Montreal
Bärbel Eckert
 East Germany
Annegret Richter
 West Germany
Renate Stecher
 East Germany
1980 Moscow
Bärbel Wöckel
 East Germany
Natalya Bochina
 Soviet Union
Merlene Ottey
 Jamaica
1984 Los Angeles
Valerie Brisco-Hooks
 United States
Florence Griffith
 United States
Merlene Ottey
 Jamaica
1988 Seoul
Florence Griffith-Joyner
 United States
Grace Jackson
 Jamaica
Heike Drechsler
 East Germany
1992 Barcelona
Gwen Torrence
 United States
Juliet Cuthbert
 Jamaica
Merlene Ottey
 Jamaica
1996 Atlanta
Marie-José Pérec
 France
Merlene Ottey
 Jamaica
Mary Onyali
 Nigeria
2000 Sydney
Pauline Davis-Thompson
 Bahamas
Susanthika Jayasinghe
 Sri Lanka
Beverly McDonald
 Jamaica
2004 Athens
Veronica Campbell
 Jamaica
Allyson Felix
 United States
Debbie Ferguson
 Bahamas
2008 Beijing
Veronica Campbell-Brown
 Jamaica
Allyson Felix
 United States
Kerron Stewart
 Jamaica
2012 London
Allyson Felix
 United States
Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce
 Jamaica
Carmelita Jeter
 United States
2016 Rio de Janeiro
Elaine Thompson
 Jamaica
Dafne Schippers
 Netherlands
Tori Bowie
 United States

Multiple medalists

Rank Athlete Nation Olympics Gold Silver Bronze Total
1Bärbel Wöckel East Germany (GDR)1976–19802002
Veronica Campbell-Brown Jamaica (JAM)2004–20082002
3Allyson Felix United States (USA)2004–20121203
4Irena Szewińska Poland (POL)1964–19721113
5Florence Griffith United States (USA)1984–19881102
6Renate Stecher East Germany (GDR)1972–19761012
7Raelene Boyle Australia (AUS)1968–19720202
8Merlene Ottey Jamaica (JAM)1980–19960134

Medalists by country

Rank Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total
1 United States (USA)63312
2 Jamaica (JAM)34512
3 East Germany (GDR)3025
4 Australia (AUS)2237
5 Netherlands (NED)1203
6 Poland (POL)1113
7 Bahamas (BAH)1012
8 France (FRA)1001
9 United Team of Germany (EUA)0202
10 Great Britain (GBR)0112
 Soviet Union (URS)0112
12 West Germany (FRG)0101
 Sri Lanka (SRI)0101
14 Nigeria (NGR)0011

Olympic record progression

Men

Time Athlete Nation Games Round Date
24.0*Bill Holland United States (USA) 1900Heat 1
22.2Walter Tewksbury United States (USA) 1900Final
22.2Archie Hahn United States (USA) 1904Heat 1
21.6Archie Hahn United States (USA) 1904Final
21.6Jackson Scholz United States (USA) 1924Final
21.6Helmut Körnig Germany (GER) 1928Quarterfinal 6
21.5Ralph Metcalfe United States (USA) 1932Quarterfinal 1
21.5Eddie Tolan United States (USA) 1932Quarterfinal 2
21.5Carlos Bianchi Argentina (ARG) 1932Quarterfinal 3
21.5Arthur Jonath Germany (GER) 1932Quarterfinal 4
21.2Eddie Tolan United States (USA) 1932Final
21.1Jesse Owens United States (USA) 1936Heat 3
20.7 WRJesse Owens United States (USA) 1936Final
20.7Andy Stanfield United States (USA) 1952Final
20.6 WRBobby Morrow United States (USA) 1956Final
20.5 WRLivio Berruti Italy (ITA) 1960Semifinal 2
20.5 WRLivio Berruti Italy (ITA) 1960Final
20.5Paul Drayton United States (USA) 1964Semifinal 1
20.3Henry Carr United States (USA) 1964Final
20.37Tommie Smith United States (USA) 1968Heat 2
20.23Peter Norman Australia (AUS) 1968Heat 6
20.12John Carlos United States (USA) 1968Semifinal 1
19.83 WRTommie Smith United States (USA) 1968Final
19.80Carl Lewis United States (USA) 1984Final
19.75Joe DeLoach United States (USA) 1988Final
19.73Mike Marsh United States (USA) 1992Semifinal 1
19.32 WRMichael Johnson United States (USA) 1996Final
19.30 WRUsain Bolt Jamaica (JAM) 2008Final

Women

Time Athlete Nation Games Round Date
25.7Fanny Blankers-Koen Netherlands (NED) 1948Heat 1
25.6Cynthia Thompson Jamaica (JAM) 1948Heat 2
25.3Daphne Hasenjäger South Africa (RSA) 1948Heat 4
24.3Fanny Blankers-Koen Netherlands (NED) 1948Semifinal 1
24.3Nadezhda Khnykina Soviet Union (URS) 1952Heat 2
23.6 WRMarjorie Jackson Australia (AUS) 1952Heat 3
23.4 WRMarjorie Jackson Australia (AUS) 1952Semifinal 1
23.4Betty Cuthbert Australia (AUS) 1956Final
23.2Wilma Rudolph United States (USA) 1960Heat 3
23.0Edith McGuire United States (USA) 1964Final
23.09Raelene Boyle Australia (AUS) 1968Heat 2
22.94Barbara Ferrell United States (USA) 1968Heat 3
22.87Barbara Ferrell United States (USA) 1968Semifinal 2
22.58Irena Szewińska Poland (POL) 1968Final
22.40 WRRenate Stecher East Germany (GDR) 1972Final
22.37Barbel Eckert East Germany (GDR) 1976Final
22.26Natalya Bochina Soviet Union (URS) 1980Quarterfinal 3
22.03Barbel Eckert East Germany (GDR) 1980Final
21.81Valerie Brisco-Hooks United States (USA) 1984Final
21.76Florence Griffith Joyner United States (USA) 1988Quarterfinal 1
21.56 WRFlorence Griffith Joyner United States (USA) 1988Semifinal 1
21.34 WRFlorence Griffith Joyner United States (USA) 1988Final

Finishing times

Top ten fastest Olympic times

Non-canonical Olympic events

In addition to the main 1900 Olympic men's 200 metres, a 220-yard dash handicap race was also held. The winner was J. McGann for the United States, who ran an estimated 22.8 seconds with a ten-yard start. Frank Lukeman of Canada was second, also with a ten-yard handicap, and American C. Turner was third with a two-yard handicap.[5]

This event is no longer considered part of the official Olympic history of the 200 metres or the athletics programme in general. Consequently, medals from this competition have not been assigned to nations on the all-time medal tables.[5]

References

Participation and athlete data
Olympic record progressions
Specific
  1. "12th IAAF World Championships In Athletics: IAAF Statistics Handbook. Berlin 2009" (PDF). Monte Carlo: IAAF Media & Public Relations Department. 2009. pp. Pages 546, 547. Archived from the original (pdf) on June 29, 2011. Retrieved August 2, 2009.
  2. 200 Metres - men - senior - outdoor. IAAF. Retrieved on 2014-05-24.
  3. "Men's 200m".
  4. "Women's 200m".
  5. Handicap Olympic Athletics Events. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2014-04-18.
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