Long jump at the Olympics

The long jump at the Summer Olympics is grouped among the four track and field jumping events held at the multi-sport event. The men's long jump has been present on the Olympic athletics programme since the first Summer Olympics in 1896. The women's long jump was introduced over fifty years later in 1948 and was the second Olympic jumping event for women after the high jump, which was added in 1928.

Long jump
at the Olympic Games
Dawn Burrell in the 2000 Olympic long jump competition
Overview
SportAthletics
GenderMen and women
Years heldMen: 18962016
Women: 19482016
Olympic record
Men8.90 m Bob Beamon (1968)
Women7.40 m Jackie Joyner-Kersee (1988)
Reigning champion
Men Jeff Henderson (USA)
Women Tianna Bartoletta (USA)

The Olympic records for the event are 8.90 m (29 ft 2 14 in) for men, set by Bob Beamon in 1968, and 7.40 m (24 ft 3 14 in) for women, set by Jackie Joyner-Kersee in 1988. Beamon's mark is the longest-standing Olympic athletics record by a margin of twelve years and remains the only time a man has set a long jump world record at the competition. The women's world record has been broken on two occasions at the Olympics, with Elżbieta Krzesińska jumping 6.35 m (20 ft 10 in) in 1956 and Viorica Viscopoleanu clearing 6.82 m (22 ft 4 12 in) in 1968.[1]

Ellery Clark and Olga Gyarmati were the first men's and women's Olympic long jump champions. Jeff Henderson and Tianna Bartoletta are the reigning Olympic champions from 2016. Carl Lewis is the event's most successful athlete as he was Olympic champion four times consecutively from 1984 to 1996. Heike Drechsler is the only woman to win two Olympic long jump titles. Ralph Boston and Jackie Joyner-Kersee are the only other two athletes to win three Olympic long jump medals in their careers. The United States is by far the most successful nation in the event, with an American topping the Olympic long jump podium on 25 occasions. Great Britain, with three gold medallists, is the next most successful.

A standing long jump variant of the event was contested from 1900 to 1912 and standing jumps specialist Ray Ewry won all but one of the gold medals in its brief history.

Medalists

Men

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1896 Athens
Ellery Clark
 United States
Robert Garrett
 United States
James Connolly
 United States
1900 Paris
Alvin Kraenzlein
 United States
Myer Prinstein
 United States
Patrick Leahy
 Great Britain
1904 St. Louis
Myer Prinstein
 United States
Daniel Frank
 United States
Robert Stangland
 United States
1908 London
Frank Irons
 United States
Daniel Kelly
 United States
Calvin Bricker
 Canada
1912 Stockholm
Albert Gutterson
 United States
Calvin Bricker
 Canada
Georg Åberg
 Sweden
1920 Antwerp
William Petersson
 Sweden
Carl Johnson
 United States
Erik Abrahamsson
 Sweden
1924 Paris
DeHart Hubbard
 United States
Edward Gourdin
 United States
Sverre Hansen
 Norway
1928 Amsterdam
Ed Hamm
 United States
Silvio Cator
 Haiti
Al Bates
 United States
1932 Los Angeles
Ed Gordon
 United States
Lambert Redd
 United States
Chūhei Nambu
 Japan
1936 Berlin
Jesse Owens
 United States
Luz Long
 Germany
Naoto Tajima
 Japan
1948 London
Willie Steele
 United States
Bill Bruce
 Australia
Herb Douglas
 United States
1952 Helsinki
Jerome Biffle
 United States
Meredith Gourdine
 United States
Ödön Földessy
 Hungary
1956 Melbourne
Gregory Bell
 United States
John Bennett
 United States
Jorma Valkama
 Finland
1960 Rome
Ralph Boston
 United States
Bo Roberson
 United States
Igor Ter-Ovanesyan
 Soviet Union
1964 Tokyo
Lynn Davies
 Great Britain
Ralph Boston
 United States
Igor Ter-Ovanesyan
 Soviet Union
1968 Mexico City
Bob Beamon
 United States
Klaus Beer
 East Germany
Ralph Boston
 United States
1972 Munich
Randy Williams
 United States
Hans Baumgartner
 West Germany
Arnie Robinson
 United States
1976 Montreal
Arnie Robinson
 United States
Randy Williams
 United States
Frank Wartenberg
 East Germany
1980 Moscow
Lutz Dombrowski
 East Germany
Frank Paschek
 East Germany
Valeriy Pidluzhnyy
 Soviet Union
1984 Los Angeles
Carl Lewis
 United States
Gary Honey
 Australia
Giovanni Evangelisti
 Italy
1988 Seoul
Carl Lewis
 United States
Mike Powell
 United States
Larry Myricks
 United States
1992 Barcelona
Carl Lewis
 United States
Mike Powell
 United States
Joe Greene
 United States
1996 Atlanta
Carl Lewis
 United States
James Beckford
 Jamaica
Joe Greene
 United States
2000 Sydney
Iván Pedroso
 Cuba
Jai Taurima
 Australia
Roman Shchurenko
 Ukraine
2004 Athens
Dwight Phillips
 United States
John Moffitt
 United States
Joan Lino Martínez
 Spain
2008 Beijing
Irving Saladino
 Panama
Godfrey Khotso Mokoena
 South Africa
Ibrahim Camejo
 Cuba
2012 London
Greg Rutherford
 Great Britain
Mitchell Watt
 Australia
Will Claye
 United States
2016 Rio de Janeiro
Jeff Henderson
 United States
Luvo Manyonga
 South Africa
Greg Rutherford
 Great Britain

Multiple medalists

Rank Athlete Nation Olympics Gold Silver Bronze Total
1Carl Lewis United States (USA)1984–19964004
2Ralph Boston United States (USA)1960–19681113
3Myer Prinstein United States (USA)1900–19041102
Randy Williams United States (USA)1972–19761102
5Arnie Robinson United States (USA)1972–19761012
Greg Rutherford Great Britain (GBR)2012–20161012
7Mike Powell United States (USA)1988–19920202
8Calvin Bricker Canada (CAN)1908–19120112
9Igor Ter-Ovanesyan Soviet Union (URS)1960–19640022
Joe Greene United States (USA)1992–19960022

Medalists by country

Rank Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total
1 United States (USA)22151047
2 Great Britain (GBR)2024
3 East Germany (GDR)1214
4 Sweden (SWE)1023
5 Cuba (CUB)1012
6 Panama (PAN)1001
7 Australia (AUS)0404
8 South Africa (RSA)0202
9 Canada (CAN)0112
10 Germany (GER)0101
 Haiti (HAI)0101
 Jamaica (JAM)0101
 West Germany (FRG)0101
14 Soviet Union (URS)0033
15 Japan (JPN)0022
16 Finland (FIN)0011
 Hungary (HUN)0011
 Italy (ITA)0011
 Norway (NOR)0011
 Spain (ESP)0011
 Ukraine (UKR)0011

Women

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1948 London
Olga Gyarmati
 Hungary
Noemí Simonetto
 Argentina
Ann-Britt Leyman
 Sweden
1952 Helsinki
Yvette Williams
 New Zealand
Aleksandra Chudina
 Soviet Union
Shirley Cawley
 Great Britain
1956 Melbourne
Elżbieta Krzesińska
 Poland
Willye White
 United States
Nadezhda Khnykina-Dvalishvili
 Soviet Union
1960 Rome
Vera Krepkina
 Soviet Union
Elżbieta Krzesińska
 Poland
Hildrun Claus
 United Team of Germany
1964 Tokyo
Mary Rand
 Great Britain
Irena Kirszenstein
 Poland
Tatyana Shchelkanova
 Soviet Union
1968 Mexico City
Viorica Viscopoleanu
 Romania
Sheila Sherwood
 Great Britain
Tatyana Talysheva
 Soviet Union
1972 Munich
Heide Rosendahl
 West Germany
Diana Yorgova
 Bulgaria
Eva Šuranová
 Czechoslovakia
1976 Montreal
Angela Voigt
 East Germany
Kathy McMillan
 United States
Lidiya Alfeyeva
 Soviet Union
1980 Moscow
Tatyana Kolpakova
 Soviet Union
Brigitte Wujak
 East Germany
Tatyana Skachko
 Soviet Union
1984 Los Angeles
Anișoara Cușmir-Stanciu
 Romania
Valy Ionescu
 Romania
Sue Hearnshaw
 Great Britain
1988 Seoul
Jackie Joyner-Kersee
 United States
Heike Drechsler
 East Germany
Galina Chistyakova
 Soviet Union
1992 Barcelona
Heike Drechsler
 Germany
Inessa Kravets
 Unified Team
Jackie Joyner-Kersee
 United States
1996 Atlanta
Chioma Ajunwa
 Nigeria
Fiona May
 Italy
Jackie Joyner-Kersee
 United States
2000 Sydney
Heike Drechsler
 Germany
Fiona May
 Italy
Tatyana Kotova
 Russia
2004 Athens
Tatyana Lebedeva
 Russia
Irina Meleshina
 Russia
Tatyana Kotova
 Russia
2008 Beijing
Maurren Maggi
 Brazil
Tatyana Lebedeva
 Russia
Blessing Okagbare
 Nigeria
2012 London
Brittney Reese
 United States
Elena Sokolova
 Russia
Janay DeLoach
 United States
2016 Rio de Janeiro
Tianna Bartoletta
 United States
Britney Reese
 United States
Ivana Španović
 Serbia

Multiple medalists

Rank Athlete Nation Olympics Gold Silver Bronze Total
1Heike Drechsler Germany (GER)
 East Germany (GDR)
1988–20002103
2Elżbieta Krzesińska Poland (POL)1956–19601102
Tatyana Lebedeva Russia (RUS)2004–20081102
Brittney Reese United States (USA)2012–20161102
5Jackie Joyner-Kersee United States (USA)1988–19961023
6Fiona May Italy (ITA)1996–20000202
7Tatyana Kotova Russia (RUS)2000–20040022

Medalists by country

Rank Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total
1 United States (USA)3339
2 Soviet Union (URS)2169
3 Romania (ROU)2103
4 Germany (GER)[nb]2013
5 Russia (RUS)1326
6 East Germany (GDR)1203
 Poland (POL)1203
8 Great Britain (GBR)1124
9 Nigeria (NGR)1012
10 Brazil (BRA)1001
 Hungary (HUN)1001
 New Zealand (NZL)1001
 West Germany (FRG)1001
14 Italy (ITA)0202
15 Argentina (ARG)0101
 Bulgaria (BUL)0101
 Unified Team (EUN)0101
18 Czechoslovakia (TCH)0011
 Serbia (SRB)0011
 Sweden (SWE)0011

Standing long jump

Standing long jump
at the Olympic Games
Kostas Tsiklitiras in the 1912 standing long jump competition
Overview
SportAthletics
GenderMen
Years heldMen: 19001912
Olympic record
Men3.47 m Ray Ewry (1904)

From 1900 to 1912 a variation of the event was contested at the Olympics where athletes had to long jump from a standing position. This was one of three standing jumps to have featured on the Olympic programme, alongside the standing high jump (present for the same period) and the standing triple jump (1900 and 1904 only).[2]

The standing jump competitions were dominated by Ray Ewry, who won the Olympic standing long jump titles in 1900, 1904 and 1908. His clearance of 3.47 m (11 ft 4 12 in) at the 1904 Olympics remained as the Olympic record for the event until its discontinuation in 1912. Ewry took Olympic three gold medals in standing jumps in both 1900 and 1904, then won the standing high and long jumps at the 1908 Olympics, as well as the 1906 Intercalated Games.[3] After Ewry's retirement, Kostas Tsiklitiras became the winner of the final Olympic standing long jump competition in 1912.[4]

The standing long jump—and standing jump events in general—had been a relatively common type of athletics event at the end of the 19th century, but became increasingly rare at top level national and international competitions as the 20th century progressed.[3] The Olympic event remains the only major international competition to have featured the event, except for the first three editions of the Women's World Games in the 1920s, as well as the 1919 and 1920 editions of the South American Championships in Athletics.[5][6] The standing long jump retained some popularity as a championship event in Scandinavia in the second half of the century.[7][8]

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1900 Paris
Ray Ewry
 United States
Irving Baxter
 United States
Emile Torcheboeuf
 France
1904 St. Louis
Ray Ewry
 United States
Charles King
 United States
John Biller
 United States
1908 London
Ray Ewry
 United States
Konstantinos Tsiklitiras
 Greece
Martin Sheridan
 United States
1912 Stockholm
Konstantinos Tsiklitiras
 Greece
Platt Adams
 United States
Benjamin Adams
 United States

Intercalated Games

The 1906 Intercalated Games were held in Athens and at the time were officially recognised as part of the Olympic Games series, with the intention being to hold a games in Greece in two-year intervals between the internationally held Olympics. However, this plan never came to fruition and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) later decided not to recognise these games as part of the official Olympic series. Some sports historians continue to treat the results of these games as part of the Olympic canon.[9]

Continuing its presence since the first Olympics, a men's long jump event was contested at the 1906 Games. The two protagonists were Myer Prinstein (the 1904 champion) and Peter O'Connor (the world record holder). Prinstein won with his opening jump of 7.20 m (23 ft 7 14 in). O'Connor was runner-up in 7.02 m (23 ft 14 in) but protested the measuring of Prinstein's mark and the judgement of no-jump rulings against him. Hugo Friend was a comfortable third in 6.96 m (22 ft 10 in).[10]

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1906 Athens
 Myer Prinstein (USA)  Peter O'Connor (GBR)  Hugo Friend (USA)

The standing long jump variant was also contested at the Intercalated Games. Ray Ewry, who entered as the undefeated Olympic champion in the event, won a further gold medal with his mark of 3.30 m (10 ft 9 34 in). It was an American podium sweep with Martin Sheridan and Lawson Robertson taking second and third place.[11]

Games Gold Silver Bronze
1906 Athens
 Ray Ewry (USA)  Martin Sheridan (USA)  Lawson Robertson (USA)

Non-canonical Olympic events

In addition to the main 1900 Olympic men's long jump, a handicap competition was held four days later. Pál Koppán of Hungary won with a mark of 7.895 m (1.60 m handicap) and John McLean of the United States came second with 7.72 m (85 cm handicap). Sources differ as to whether the third-place finisher William Percy Remington (who was fourth in the main Olympic event) or Thaddeus McClain (seventh in the Olympic long jump).[12][13]

Two professionals-only contests were held in 1900. Mike Sweeney of the United States won with 5.995 m. Another American, Otto Bruno Schoenfeld, was second in 5.60 m, while Frenchman Jules Bouchoux came third in 5.55 m. A handicap professional contest was also held but the results have not been located.[12][14]

The handicap event returned at the 1904 Summer Olympics and the three Olympic finalists who failed to win medals comprised the top three – all of them American. Fred Englehardt won with 6.82 m, Gilbert Van Cleve was runner-up with a mark of 6.53 m, and John Hagerman took third, recording 6.53 m. The corresponding handicaps are not known.[12]

These events are no longer considered part of the official Olympic history of the long jump or the athletics programme in general. Consequently, medals from these competitions have not been assigned to nations on the all-time medal tables.[12]

References

Participation and athlete data
Olympic record progressions
Specific
  1. 12th IAAF World Championships In Athletics: IAAF Statistics Handbook Berlin 2009 (pgs. 546, 556, 646). IAAF (2009). Retrieved on 2014-05-03.
  2. Athletics Men's Standing Long Jump Medalists. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-05-07.
  3. Ray Ewry. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-05-07.
  4. Athletics at the 1912 Stockholm Summer Games: Men's Standing Long Jump. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-05-07.
  5. South American Championships (Men). GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2014-05-07.
  6. FSFI Women's World Games. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2014-05-07.
  7. Norwegian Indoor Championships. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2014-05-07.
  8. Swedish Indoor Championships. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2014-05-07.
  9. 1906 Athina Summer Games. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-01-26.
  10. Athletics at the 1906 Athina Summer Games: Men's Long Jump. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-05-03.
  11. Athletics at the 1906 Athina Summer Games: Men's Standing Long Jump. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-05-07.
  12. Handicap Olympic Athletics Events. GBR Athletics. Retrieved on 2014-04-18.
  13. Athletics at the 1900 Paris Summer Games: Men's Long Jump, Handicap. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-05-05.
  14. Athletics at the 1900 Paris Summer Games: Men's Long Jump, Professionals. Sports Reference. Retrieved on 2014-05-05.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.