Ahmad Shah of Pahang

Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Al-Musta’in Billah ibni Almarhum Sultan Abu Bakar Ri’ayatuddin Al-Mu’azzam Shah (Jawi: المرحوم سلطان حاج أحمد شاه المستعين بالله إبن المرحوم سلطان أبو بكر رعاية الدين المعظم شاه; 24 October 1930 – 22 May 2019) was the fifth modern Sultan of Pahang, and also served as the seventh Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia from 26 April 1979 to 25 April 1984. His abdication as Sultan was decided by the Royal Council at an extraordinary meeting on 11 January 2019. A special amendment was passed on the state constitution that gave the body more power for this decision, citing the Sultan's incapability to rule due to his failing health.[2] The abdication announced the next day which was retroactively effective on the day of the Royal Council meeting, paving the way to his son, Abdullah to succeed him as Sultan immediately, and subsequently be elected as the next Yang di-Pertuan Agong later the same month.[3]

Ahmad Shah
أحمد شاه المستعين بالله‎
Al-Musta'in Billah (He who seeks help from God)
7th Yang di-Pertuan Agong
Reign26 April 1979 – 25 April 1984
Installation10 July 1980
PredecessorSultan Yahya Petra
SuccessorSultan Iskandar
Prime Minister
Sultan of Pahang
Reign7 May 1974 – 11 January 2019
Installation8 May 1975
PredecessorSultan Abu Bakar Ri’ayatuddin Al-Mu’azzam Shah
SuccessorAl-Sultan Abdullah Ri’ayatuddin Al-Mustafa Billah Shah
Born(1930-10-24)24 October 1930
Istana Mangga Tunggal, Pekan, Pahang, Federated Malay States, British Malaya
Died22 May 2019(2019-05-22) (aged 88)
National Heart Institute, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia[1]
Burial23 May 2019
Abdullah Mosque, Pekan, Pahang
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1954; died 1988)​

​
​
(m. 1991; his death 2019)​
IssueTengku Meriam
Tengku Muhaini
Tengku Aishah Marcella
Al-Sultan Abdullah Ri’ayatuddin Al-Mustafa Billah Shah
Tengku Abdul Rahman
Tengku Nong Fatimah
Tengku Shahariah
Tengku Abdul Fahd Mu’adzam Shah
Full name
Tengku Ahmad ibni Tengku Abu Bakar
Regnal name
Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Al-Musta’in Billah ibni Almarhum Sultan Abu Bakar Ri’ayatuddin Al-Mu’azzam Shah
HouseBendahara
FatherSultan Abu Bakar Ri’ayatuddin Mu’azzam Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdullah Al-Mu’tassim Billah Shah
MotherTengku Ampuan Besar Raja Fatimah binti Almarhum Sultan Iskandar Shah Kaddasullah
ReligionSunni Islam

Biography

Born on at 12:00 pm. Friday 24 October 1930 at Istana Mangga Tunggal, Pekan, Pahang. he was the only son of Sultan Abu Bakar Ri’ayatuddin Al-Mu’azzam Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdullah Al-Mu’tassim Billah Shah (reigned 1932–died 1974) by his official and royal consort, Tengku Ampuan Besar Raja Fatimah binti Almarhum Sultan Iskandar Shah Kaddasullah (1910–1988), a princess of Perak royal family.

A student of the Malay College Kuala Kangsar, he received diplomas in public administration from Worcester College, Oxford and the University of Exeter. He succeeded his father as sultan in 1974.

His election as the 7th Yang di-Pertuan Agong in 1979 was marked with controversy as he was said to be at odds with the incoming prime minister Dr. Mahathir Mohamad. However, the rumours proved to be untrue and he proved to be a keen admirer of the prime minister. Twenty-two years earlier, his father Abu Bakar had failed five times to be elected as the first Agong.

A controversial, headstrong personality, he has often forced his chief ministers in Pahang to resign over minor differences.

His favourite hobby was playing football, golf, polo, and equestrian activities.

Sultan Ahmad Shah is a keen sportsman and was the President of the Malaysian Football Association (FAM) from 1984 until 2014,[4] the President of Asian Football Confederation (AFC) until 2002 and Asean Football Federation (AFF) 2011.

His official and royal consort, Tengku Ampuan Afzan binti Tengku Panglima Perang Muhammad, a member of the Terengganu royal family, served as his Raja Permaisuri Agong but died of cancer on her return to Pahang on 29 June 1988. Sultan Ahmad Shah's second wife Kalsom binti Abdullah (nee Anita), was designated as the Sultanah of Pahang in 1991. They then both had a child, which is Tengku Arif Temenggong Pahang Tengku Fahd Mua'adzam. [5]

Death
Flag of Pahang is flown at half-mast at the Chin Swee Caves Temple as a mark of respect to the late Sultan.

After being ill for some time, Sultan Ahmad Shah abdicated with the amendment of the state's constitution. On 22 May 2019, Sultan Ahmad Shah died on at 8:50 am at the National Heart Institute, Kuala Lumpur at aged 88. [6] He was laid to rest next to grave of his late wife, Tengku Ampuan Afzan at the Pahang Royal Mausoleum near Abu Bakar Royal Mosque in Pekan, Pahang.[7] The state of Pahang observed 40 days of mourning period and Pahang flag across the state are flown at half-mast, while all entertainment events for the next 3 days were cancelled.[8]

Issue
NameBirth DateBirth PlaceDeath DateDeath PlaceMarriage
Date		SpouseTheir childrenTheir grandchildren
Tengku Meriam (1955-04-01) 1 April 1955Istana Abu Bakar, Pekan, Pahang24 April 1976 - DivorcedTengku Dato’ Sri Kamil Ismail bin Tengku Idris Shah(divorced),
Dato' Seri Mohamad Toufic Al-Ozeir		Y.M. Tengku Aidy Ahmad Shah
Y.M. Tengku Nurul Kamalia
Y.M. Tengku Nurul Karmila
Y.M Puteri Natasha binti Dato' Mohamad Toufic Ozeir
Y.M Puteri Noor Afzan binti Dato' Mohamad Toufic Ozeir		Y.M Tengku Abdullah Amir Ahmad Shah
Puteri Nadra Raniya
Puteri Shakira Nurjenna
Tengku Muhaini (1956-10-31) 31 October 1956Istana Manggal Tunggal, Pekan, PahangTan Sri Dato’ Sri Hj Affendi Bin Hj Buang(Chief Of Defense Forces)
Tengku Aishah Marcella (1957-11-13) 13 November 1957Istana Manggal Tunggal, Pekan, Pahang23 October 1980 - DivorcedTunku Kamil Ikram bin Tunku AbdullahY.M. Tunku Shazwan Kaiyisha
Y.M Tun Putra Ahmad Aizuddin Shah bin Dato’ Muhammad Johan
Y.M Putri Afzan Shakira Nabila binti Dato’ Muhammad Johan		Tun Putra Shakeel Abdullah Shah
Tun Putera Khyrie Ahmad Shah
Khaira Layna
Tengku Abdullah (1959-07-30) 30 July 1959Istana Manggal Tunggal, Pekan, Pahang6 March 1986Tunku Azizah Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah binti Almarhum Baginda Al-Mutawakkil Alallah Sultan Iskandar Al-Haj
Cik Puan Julia Rais		Y.A.M Tengku Amir Nasser Ibrahim (Adopted)
Almarhum Y.A.M Tengku Ahmad Iskandar Shah (Died 24 July 1990)
K.D.Y.M.M Tengku Hassanal Ibrahim Alam Shah
Y.A.M Tengku Muhammad Iskandar Ri'ayatuddin Shah
Y.A.M Tengku Ahmad Ismail Shah
Y.A.M Tengku Puteri Afzan Aminah Hafizatullah
Y.A.M Tengku Puteri Jihan Azizah Athiyatullah
Y.A.M Tengku Puteri Iman Afzan
Y.A.M Tengku Puteri Ilisha Ameera
Y.A.M Tengku Ilyana		Y.M Tengku Adam Ibrahim Shah
Y.M Tengku Sulaiman Abdullah Shah
Y.M Tengku Zayn Edin Shah
Tengku Abdul Rahman (1960-08-23) 23 August 1960Istana Manggal Tunggal, Pekan, Pahang27 July 2002Cik Puan Muda Julita Aisha binti Abdul LatifY.M Tengku Eddie Akasya
Y.M Tengku Ahmad Firhan Shah
Y.M Tengku Ameera Asya
Y.M Tengku Armaan Alam Shah
Tengku Nong Fatimah (1962-09-04) 4 September 1962Dato’ Haji Muhammad MoizY.M Puteri Suraiya AfzanY.M Tengku Adam Ibrahim Shah
Y.M Tengku Sulaiman Abdullah Shah
Tengku Shahariah (1964-09-12) 12 September 1964Dato' BaharimPuteri Amida Afsha Afzan
Puteri Ameera Azwa Asyrah
Tengku Abdul Fahd Mu’adzam Shah (1994-02-10) 10 February 1994

Awards and recognitions

Honours
Building of the Sultan Ahmad Shah Mosque in Kuantan, Pahang

As the Yang di-Pertuan Agong from 1979 to 1984, Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah was automatically designated under constitutional provisions as the Supreme Commander of the Malaysian Armed Forces, holding the rank of the Field Marshal of the Royal Malaysian Air Force, Admiral of the Royal Malaysian Navy and Field Marshal of the Army.[9]

Until he stepped down in 2019 he was the RMAF's Colonel in Chief and appeared at official RMAF ceremonies.

He has been awarded :

Honours of Pahang
  •  Pahang :
    • Founding Grand Master and Member (DKP) of the Royal Family Order of Pahang (since 24 October 1977)
    • Grand Master and Member 1st class (DK I) of the Family Order of the Crown of Indra of Pahang (since 1974)
    • Founding Grand Master of the Grand Royal Order of Sultan Ahmad Shah of Pahang (SDSA, since 23 October 2010)
    • Founding Grand Master and Grand Knight of the Order of Sultan Ahmad Shah of Pahang (SSAP, since 24 October 1977)
    • Knight Companion (DIMP), Grand Knight (SIMP) and Grand Master of the Order of the Crown of Pahang (since 1974)
    • Sultan Abu Bakar Silver Jubilee Medal (24 June 1957)

National

Foreign

Places named after him

Several places were named after him, including:

  • Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Campus (Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN) branch campus) in Muadzam Shah, Pahang
  • Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Science Secondary School (SEMSAS), a secondary school in Kuantan, Pahang
  • Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Science School Pekan (SHAH Pekan), a secondary school in Pekan, Pahang
  • Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Al-Mustain Billah Vocational College, a vocational college in Kuala Lipis Pahang
  • Sultan Ahmad Shah Pahang Islamic University College (KUIPSAS)
  • Sultan Ahmad Shah Polytechnic (POLISAS), a polytechnic in Kuantan, Pahang
  • Ma'ahad As-Sultan Ahmad Shah Ad-Dini, a secondary school in Bandar Tun Razak, Jengka, Pahang
  • Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Al-Mustain Billah Mosque in Temerloh, Pahang
  • Sultan Ahmad Shah State Mosque at Kuantan
  • Sultan Ahmad Shah Bridge (Temerloh Bridge) on Federal Route at Temerloh
  • Sultan Ahmad Shah II Bridge (Semantan Bridge) on East Coast Expressway at Semantan
  • Sultan Ahmad Shah III Bridge (Chenor Bridge) at Chenor
  • Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah (formerly Northam Road) in George Town, Penang
  • Jalan Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, Kuala Lumpur (formerly Jalan Khidmat Usaha)
  • Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Airport, an airport in Kuantan, Pahang
  • Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Hospital (formerly Hospital Temerloh) in Temerloh, Pahang
  • Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Cup (Charity Shield Malaysia)
  • Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Mosque, International Islamic University Malaysia Gombak Campus
  • Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Mosque, International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Campus
  • Sekolah Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, a primary school in Pekan, Pahang
  • SMK Sultan Ahmad Shah, a secondary school in Cameron Highlands, Pahang
  • Taman Pertanian Jubli Perak Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah in Kuantan, Pahang
  • Pusat Jagaan Taman Pengasih Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah in Kuantan, Pahang
  • Institut Latihan Sultan Ahmad Shah in Kajang, Selangor
  • Pusat Kokurikulum Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, Jabatan Pelajaran Negeri Pahang
  • Akademi Maritim Sultan Ahmad Shah (AMSAS) in Kuantan, Pahang

Ancestry

Notes
  1. "Agong's father, former Pahang Sultan, dies at age 88". The Star Online. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
  2. https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2019/01/12/tengku-muda-pahang-constitution-amended/
  3. "Tengku Abdullah to be proclaimed Pahang sultan on Jan 15". Malaysiakini. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  4. Samuel, Eric. "Football: High noon at FAM Congress as TM Pahang takes over - The Star Online". www.thestar.com.my. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  5. "King's father, former Pahang Sultan, dies at age 88". www.thestar.com.my. Retrieved 23 April 2020.
  6. "Agong's father, former Pahang Sultan, dies at age 88". The Star Online. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
  7. "Sultan Ahmad Shah laid to rest at Pekan Royal Mausoleum". The Star Online. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
  8. Alagesh, T. N. "Pahang declares Thursday (May 23) a holiday to mark Sultan Ahmad Shah's death". New Straits Times. Retrieved 18 June 2019.
  9. Alagappa, pg 267
  10. "SAIJ". www.saij.gob.ar. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
  11. "Pahang". Archived from the original on 2014-07-03. Retrieved 2014-05-23.

References
  • Coercion and Governance: The Declining Political Role of the Military in Asia, Muthiah Alagappa, Stanford University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-8047-4227-8
  • Information Malaysia, Published by Berita Publ. Sdn. Bhd., 1989
  • The Europa Year Book, Europa Publications Limited, 1984, ISBN 0-905118-96-0
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Sultan Yahya Petra
(Sultan of Kelantan)		 Yang di-Pertuan Agong
(King of Malaysia)
1979–1984		 Succeeded by
Sultan Iskandar
(Sultan of Johor)
Preceded by
Sultan Sir Abu Bakar Riayatuddin Al-Muadzam Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdullah Al-Mutassimu Billah Shah		 Sultan of Pahang
1974–2019		 Succeeded by
Al-Sultan Abdullah Ria'yatuddin Al Mustafa Billah Shah ibni Sultan Ahmad Shah al-Musta'in Billah
Civic offices
Preceded by
Hamzah Abu Samah		 President of Asian Football Confederation
1994–2002		 Succeeded by
Mohamed bin Hammam
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