Az-Zumar

Sura 39 of the Quran
الزمر ; Az-Zumar; The Troops
	Arabic text; English translation; Audio of sura (ar);
Classification	Meccan
Other names	The Throngs, The Companies
Position	Juzʼ 23 to 24
No. of Rukus	8
No. of verses	75

Az-Zumar (Arabic: الزمر‎, ’az-zumar; meaning: "The Troops, The Throngs") is the 39th chapter (surah), of the Qur'an, the central religious text of Islam. It contains 75 verses (ayat). This surah derives its name from the Arabic word zumar (troops) that occurs in verses 71 and 73. Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is believed to have been revealed in the mid-Maccan period[1] when persecutions of the Muslim believers by the polytheists had escalated.[1]

Some famous verses of Az-Zumar seen in the tilings of Imam Ali Mosque in Najaf, Iraq, 1994.

Summary

1-2 The Quran a revelation from God to Muhammad
2-3 Muhammad to exhibit a pure religion to God
4-5 God will not show favour to idolaters
6 God hath not chosen to have a son
7-8 God manifest in his works of creation and providence
9-10 God is Sovereign in his dealings with men
11 The ingratitude of idolaters
12 The righteous and wicked not equal before God
13 The righteous shall be rewarded
14-16 Muhammad, the first Muslim, must exhibit the pure religion of God
17-18 The loss of the idolaters
19 Idolaters who repent shall be rewarded
20 Muhammad cannot deliver the reprobate
21 The reward of the faithful
22 God revealed in the growth and decay of Nature
23 The Muslim and the infidel not equal
24 The Quran first frightens, then comforts, the Muslims
25 The punishment of the wicked in hell
26-27 Former infidels punished for maligning their prophets
28-30 Every kind of parable in the Quran
31-32 Muhammad and the infidels shall debate before the Lord
33-36 The reward and punishment of believers and unbelievers
37 The infidels of Makkah threaten Muhammad
37-38 True believers shall be rightly directed
39 Idolaters acknowledge God as creator
40-42 Muhammad yet to be vindicated
43 God shall raise the dead as he raiseth from sleep
44-45 None can intercede except by God’s permission
46 Idolaters dread God but joy in their false gods
47 God shall judge between the faithful and the idolaters
48 Idolaters will give two worlds to escape God’s wrath
49-50 They shall not escape the evils of the judgment-day
51-52 The infidels of former times were punished
52-53The idolaters of Makkah shall not escape
54-56 Idolaters exhorted to repent; their siu will be forgiven
57-59 The regrets of the impenitent at the judgment-day
60-61 God shall reject their apologies and blacken their faces
62 But he will save the righteous
63 God the Sovereign Ruler of heaven and earth
64-66 Muhammad cannot worship idols, seeing he has received a revelation from God
67-69 The resurrection and the judgment-day, fearful scenes of
70-73 Troop of the righteous and wicked, their reward and punishment
74-75 God shall be praised by righteous men and angels [2]

Content

The surah expounds the signs of God's Oneness (tawhid) in the natural world and emphasizes the absurdity of associating partners with God. It also hints at emigration for the believers who were suffering great difficulties in worshiping God in their homeland. It also declares that there can be no reconciliation between believing in God's Oneness and association partners with God. The chapter also reminds readers of the other world, where Muslims believe people will see the outcome of their own deeds.[3]

Exegesis (tafsir)

Q9:5 He wraps the night over the day

Translation: He created the heavens and earth in truth. He wraps the night over the day and wraps the day over the night and has subjected the sun and the moon, each running [its course] for a specified term. Unquestionably, He is the Exalted in Might, the Perpetual Forgiver.[3][4]

According to Unal: the word "wraps" in this verse is a simile, which alludes both to the earth's being rounded and to differences in the times of sunrise and sunset.[5]

References

Ünal, Ali, author. The Qurʼan with annotated interpretation in modern English. p. 944. ISBN 978-1-59784-000-2. OCLC 1002857525.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Wherry, Elwood Morris (1896). A Complete Index to Sale's Text, Preliminary Discourse, and Notes. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, and Co. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
"Az-Zumar". The Noble Qur'an.
"Az-Zumar 39:5". The Noble Qur'an.
Ünal, Ali, author. The Qurʼan with annotated interpretation in modern English. p. 945. ISBN 978-1-59784-000-2. OCLC 1002857525.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

External links

Works related to The Holy Qur'an (Maulana Muhammad Ali)/39. The Companies at Wikisource
Quran 39 Clear Quran translation
Az-Zumar (Google translate), corresponding article in Arabic Wikipedia

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[:0-1] Ünal, Ali, author. The Qurʼan with annotated interpretation in modern English. p. 944. ISBN 978-1-59784-000-2. OCLC 1002857525.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[2] Wherry, Elwood Morris (1896). A Complete Index to Sale's Text, Preliminary Discourse, and Notes. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, and Co. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

[:1-3] "Az-Zumar". The Noble Qur'an.

[4] "Az-Zumar 39:5". The Noble Qur'an.

[5] Ünal, Ali, author. The Qurʼan with annotated interpretation in modern English. p. 945. ISBN 978-1-59784-000-2. OCLC 1002857525.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)