Fatir

Sura 35 of the Quran
فاطر ; Fāṭir; The Originator
	Arabic text; English translation; Audio of sura (ar);
Classification	Meccan
Alternate titles (Ar.)	Sūrat al-Malāʼikah (سورة ﺍﻟملائكة)
Other names	The Angels, The Creator, Initiator
Position	Juzʼ 22
No. of Rukus	5
No. of verses	45

Fatir (Arabic: فاطر‎, fāṭir; meaning: Originator), also known as Al-Mala’ikah (ﺍﻟملائكة, ’al-malā’ikah; meaning: "The Angels"),[1] is the 35th chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an with 45 verses (āyāt). Parts of Q35:39-49 are preserved in the Ṣan‘ā’1 lower text.[2]

Regarding the timing and contextual background of the supposed revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is an earlier "Meccan surah", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, instead of later in Medina.

Summary

1-2 God praised as the Sovereign Creator
3 The Quraish exhorted to worship the true God
4 Muhammad told that it is no strange thing for a prophet to be called an impostor
5-6 God’s promises true, but Satan is a deceiver
7-8 Reward for believers and punishment for infidels sure
9 Reprobate sinners shall not be as the righteous before God
10 The desert made green by rainfall a type of the resurrection
11 God exalteth the righteous but bringeth to nought the devices of sinners
12 God, who is man’s Creator, knoweth all things
13 God’s mercy to man seen in the waters
14 Day, night, the sun, and moon glorify God
14-15 The vanity of idol-worship
16-18 Man is dependent on God, but God is self-sufficient
19 Every one shall bear his own burden in the judgment-day
19 Muhammad commanded to admonish secret believers
20-21 God will not regard the righteous and the unrighteous alike
22 Every nation has its own prophet
23-24 Those who accused the former prophets of imposture were punished
25 God’s mercy seen in nature
26-27 God rewards the prayerful and the charitable
28 The Qurán a confirmation of former Scriptures
29 The varied conduct of those who receive the Qurán
30-32 The rewards of the faithful in Paradise
33-35 The just punishment of unbelievers in hell
36 God knoweth the secrets of the heart
37 Unbelievers shall reap the fruit of their infidelity
38 God gave the idolaters no authority for their idolatry
39 God alone sustains the heavens
40-41 The Quraish impiously reject their Prophet
42-43 They shall receive the punishment bestowed upon those who rejected the former prophets
44 Were God to punish sinners the world would be bereft of its human population
45 God will regard his servants in the judgment-day [3]

Exegesis

Abu Hamza al-Thumal recorded from a parchment containing a speech on asceticism given by Imam Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin in which the following verse from Surah Fatir was referenced:

۝ [4] 35:28: "Those truly fear Allah, among His Servants who have knowledge: for Allah is Exalted in Might, Oft-Forgiving."

Concerning this verse, Zayn al-Abidin comments that the knowledge, by Allah, and the deeds are nothing but two harmonious matters. The one who recognizes Allah fears him, and the fear urges him to the deeds in obedience to Allah; the heads of knowledge follow him, recognize Allah, and strive to do good deeds.[5]

References

The 1698 Maracci Quran notes some chapters have two or more titles, occasioned by the existence of different copies in the Arabic.(George Sale Preliminary discourse 3)
Behnam Sadeghi & Mohsen Goudarzi, "Sana'a and the Origins of the Qu'ran", Der Islam, 87 (2012), 37.
Wherry, Elwood Morris (1896). A Complete Index to Sale's Text, Preliminary Discourse, and Notes. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, and Co. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Arabic script in Unicode symbol for a Quran verse, U+06DD, page 3, Proposal for additional Unicode characters
Al-Kulayni, Abu Ja’far Muhammad ibn Ya’qub (2015). Kitab al-Kafi. South Huntington, NY: The Islamic Seminary Inc. ISBN 9780991430864.

External links

Quran 35 Clear Quran translation
Works related to The Holy Qur'an (Maulana Muhammad Ali)/35. The Originator at Wikisource

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[1] The 1698 Maracci Quran notes some chapters have two or more titles, occasioned by the existence of different copies in the Arabic.(George Sale Preliminary discourse 3)

[2] Behnam Sadeghi & Mohsen Goudarzi, "Sana'a and the Origins of the Qu'ran", Der Islam, 87 (2012), 37.

[3] Wherry, Elwood Morris (1896). A Complete Index to Sale's Text, Preliminary Discourse, and Notes. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, and Co. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

[4] Arabic script in Unicode symbol for a Quran verse, U+06DD, page 3, Proposal for additional Unicode characters

[Kulayni-5] Al-Kulayni, Abu Ja’far Muhammad ibn Ya’qub (2015). Kitab al-Kafi. South Huntington, NY: The Islamic Seminary Inc. ISBN 9780991430864.