Banksia horrida

Banksia horrida, commonly known as prickly dryandra,[2] is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has hairy stems, linear, pinnatifid leaves with sharply pointed teeth on the edges, up to sixty cream-coloured flowers in each head and hairy, egg-shaped follicles.

Prickly dryandra

Priority Three — Poorly Known Taxa (DEC)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Genus: Banksia
Subgenus: Banksia subg. Banksia
Series: Banksia ser. Dryandra
Species:
B. horrida
Binomial name
Banksia horrida
Synonyms[1]

Dryandra horrida Meisn.

Description

Banksia horrida is a species of shrub that typically grows to a height of 2 m (6 ft 7 in) and has hairy stems. The leaves are narrow linear in outline, 40–140 mm (1.6–5.5 in) long and 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in) wide on a petiole up to 15 mm (0.59 in) long. There are between five and twelve sharply pointed, triangular teeth on each side of the leaves. The flowers are arranged in heads of between thirty-five and sixty with densely hairy, linear involucral bracts up to 30 mm (1.2 in) long at the base of the head. The flowers have a yellow perianth 24–32 mm (0.94–1.26 in) long and a cream-coloured pistil 23–31 mm (0.91–1.22 in) long. Flowering occurs from April to June or in August and the follicles are egg-shaped, 11–12 mm (0.43–0.47 in) long and hairy.[2][3]

Taxonomy and naming

This species was first formally described in 1856 by Carl Meissner who gave it the name Dryandra horrida and published the description in de Candolle's Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis from specimens collected by James Drummond in the Swan River Colony.[4][5] The specific epithet (horrida) is a Latin word meaning "shaggy" or "prickly".[6] In 2007 Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele transferred all dryandras to the genus Banksia and renamed this species Banksia hewardiana.[7][8]

Distribution and habitat

Banksia horrida grows in kwongan in scattered locations between Tammin, Corrigin and Narembeen in the Avon Wheatbelt biogeographic region.[2][3]

Conservation status

Banksia horrida is classified as "Priority Three" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife[2] meaning that it is poorly known and known from only a few locations but is not under imminent threat.[9]

References
  1. "Banksia horrida". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
  2. "Banksia horrida". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  3. George, Alex S. (1999). Flora of Australia (PDF). 17B. Canberra: Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. p. 332. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
  4. "Dryandra horrida". APNI. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  5. Meissner, Carl; de Candolle, Augustin P. (ed.) (1856). Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Vegetabilis. Paris: Sumptibus Victoris Masson. p. 476. Retrieved 2 May 2020.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  6. Francis Aubie Sharr (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and their Meanings. Kardinya, Western Australia: Four Gables Press. p. 219. ISBN 9780958034180.
  7. Mast, Austin R.; Thiele, Kevin (2007). "The transfer of Dryandra R.Br. to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 20 (1): 63–71. doi:10.1071/SB06016.
  8. "Banksia horrida". APNI. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  9. "Conservation codes for Western Australian Flora and Fauna" (PDF). Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  • Cavanagh, Tony; Pieroni, Margaret (2006). The Dryandras. Melbourne: Australian Plants Society (SGAP Victoria); Perth: Wildflower Society of Western Australia. ISBN 1-876473-54-1.
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