Cardiff University

Lord Aberdare was instrumental in the University's founding.

Discussions on the founding of a university college in South Wales began in 1879, when a group of Welsh and English MPs urged the government to consider the poor provision of higher and intermediate education in Wales and "the best means of assisting any local effort which may be made for supplying such deficiency."[8]

In October 1881, William Gladstone's government appointed a departmental committee to conduct "an enquiry into the nature and extent of intermediate and higher education in Wales", chaired by Lord Aberdare and consisting of Viscount Emlyn, Reverend Prebendary H. G. Robinson, Henry Richard, John Rhys and Lewis Morris.[9] The Aberdare Report, as it came to be known, took evidence from a wide range of sources and over 250 witnesses and recommended a college each for North Wales and South Wales, the latter to be located in Glamorgan and the former to be the established University College of Wales in Aberystwyth (now Aberystwyth University). The committee cited the unique Welsh national identity and noted that many students in Wales could not afford to travel to University in England or Scotland. It advocated a national degree-awarding university for Wales, composed of regional colleges, which should be non-sectarian in nature and exclude the teaching of theology.[10][11]

John Viriamu Jones was the founding Principal of the College.

After the recommendation was published, Cardiff Corporation sought to secure the location of the college in Cardiff, and on 12 December 1881 formed a University College Committee to aid the matter.[12] There was competition to be the site between Swansea and Cardiff. On 12 March 1883, after arbitration, a decision was made in Cardiff's favour.[12] This was strengthened by the need to consider the interests of Monmouthshire, at that time not legally incorporated into Wales, and the greater sum received by Cardiff in support of the college, through a public appeal that raised £37,000 and a number of private donations, notably from the Lord Bute and Lord Windsor.[13][14] In April Lord Aberdare was appointed as the College's first president.[12] The possible locations considered included Cardiff Arms Park, Cathedral Road, and Moria Terrace, Roath, before the site of the Old Royal Infirmary buildings on Newport Road was chosen.[12]

The University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire opened on 24 October 1883 with courses in Biology, Chemistry, English, French, German, Greek, History, Latin, Mathematics and Astronomy, Music, Welsh, Logic and Philosophy, and Physics. It was incorporated by Royal Charter the following year, this being the first in Wales to allow the enrolment of women, and specifically forbidding religious tests for entry.[14] John Viriamu Jones was appointed as the University's first Principal at the age of 27. As Cardiff was not an independent university and could not award its own degrees, it prepared its students for examinations of the University of London or for further study at Oxford or Cambridge.[15]

In 1888 the University College at Cardiff and that of North Wales (now Bangor University) proposed to the University College Wales at Aberystwyth joint action to gain a university charter for Wales, modelled on that of Victoria University, a confederation of new universities in Northern England. Such a charter was granted to the new University of Wales in 1893, allowing the colleges to award degrees as members. The Chancellor was set ex officio as the Prince of Wales, and the position of operational head would rotate among heads of the colleges.[14]

In 1885, Aberdare Hall opened as the first hall of residence, allowing women access to the university. This moved to its current site in 1895, but remains a single-sex hall. In 1904 came the appointment of the first female associate professor in the UK, Millicent Mackenzie, who in 1910 became the first female full professor at a fully chartered UK university.

In 1901 Principal Jones persuaded Cardiff Corporation to give the college a five-acre site in Cathays Park (instead of selling it as they would have done otherwise).[16] Soon after, in 1905, work on a new building commenced under the architect W. D. Caröe. Money ran short for the project, however. Although the side-wings were completed in the 1960s, the planned Great Hall has never been built. Caroe sought to combine the charm and elegance of his former (Trinity College, Cambridge) with the picturesque balance of many Oxford colleges. On 14 October 1909 the "New College" building in Cathays Park (now Main Building) was opened in a ceremony involving a procession from the "Old College" in Newport Road.[17]

In 1931, the School of Medicine, founded as part of the college in 1893 along with the Departments of Anatomy, Physiology, Pathology, Pharmacology, was split off to form the Welsh National School of Medicine, which was renamed in 1984 the University of Wales College of Medicine.

In 1972, the institution was renamed University College Cardiff.[18]

In 1988, University College Cardiff underwent financial difficulties, and a declaration of insolvency was considered.[19] This led to a merger with the University of Wales Institute of Science and Technology (UWIST), to form the University of Wales College of Cardiff. The Principal of the new institution was Sir Aubrey Trotman-Dickenson, who had been the principal of UWIST. After changes to the constitution in 1996, its name was changed to the University of Wales, Cardiff.

In the early 1990s, the university's computer systems served as the home for The Internet Movie Database.[20]

Queen Elizabeth II with Anthony J. Moses during her visit in Cardiff University in 2000

In 1997, the college was granted full independent degree-awarding powers by the Privy Council, though, as a member of the University of Wales it could not begin using them, and in 1999 the public name of the university was changed to Cardiff University.

In 2002, ideas were floated to merge Cardiff again with the University of Wales College of Medicine, after publication of the Welsh Assembly Government's review of higher education in Wales. This merger became effective on 1 August 2004, when Cardiff University ceased to be a constituent of the University of Wales and became an independent "link institution" affiliated to the federal university. The process of the merger was completed on 1 December 2004, when the Act of Parliament transferring UWCM's assets to Cardiff University received Royal Assent. On 17 December it was announced that the Privy Council had given approval to the new Supplemental Charter and had granted university status to Cardiff, legally changing the name of the institution to Cardiff University. Cardiff awarded University of Wales degrees to students admitted before 2005, but these have been replaced by Cardiff degrees.

A Cardiff University graduation ceremony in 2006

In 2005, Wales College of Medicine, as part of the University, launched the North Wales Clinical School in Wrexham, in collaboration with the North East Wales Institute of Higher Education in Wrexham, the University of Wales, Bangor, and the National Health Service in Wales. This received funds of £12.5 million from the Welsh Assembly[21] and trebled the number of trainee doctors in clinical training in Wales over a four-year period.

The university also has a popular Centre for Lifelong Learning, which has been teaching a wide range of courses for over 125 years.[22] However in July 2009, the University announced it was ending over 250 humanities courses at the centre, making over 100 staff redundant. The University has since reintroduced a number of humanities courses for a trial period beginning in 2010.[23]

In June 2010, the University launched three new research institutes,[24] each offering a new approach to a major modern research issue. The Neurosciences and Mental Health Research Institute and the Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute are housed in the purpose-built Hadyn Ellis Building, and in the Sustainable Places Research Institute. Another part of the Science and Development Campus, the Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), opened in June 2016 for neuroimaging research.[25]

The main reading room of the Science Library, pictured in 2017.

The University's academic facilities are centred around Cathays Park in central Cardiff,[26] which contains the University's grade II* listed main building,[27] housing administrative facilities and the science library, previously called the Drapers' library;[28][29] the grade II listed Bute building,[30] which contains the Welsh School of Architecture,[31] the grade I listed Glamorgan building,[32] which houses the Cardiff Schools of Planning and Geography and Social Sciences,[33] the Redwood Building (named in 1979 after the Redwood Family of Boverton near Llantwit Major by a 1978 suggestion by J. D. R. Thomas), which houses the School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences;[34] the law building which houses the Cardiff Law School;[35] and the biosciences building, which provides facilities for both biosciences and medical teaching.[36] The School of Engineering, School of Computer Science and Informatics and School of Physics and Astronomy are located in the Queen's Buildings, off Newport Road, and the School of Journalism, Media and Culture at 2 Central Square.

A number of University academic facilities are located at the Heath Park campus, based at the University Hospital of Wales. This covers the Cardiff University School of Medicine, the School of Dentistry, the School of Healthcare Sciences, and the School of Optometry and Vision Sciences.[37]

Most of the University's sports facilities are located at the sports training village in the Talybont Halls complex. This includes facilities for football, badminton, basketball, tennis, hockey and gym.[38] Additional gym facilities and squash courts are located at the university fitness and squash centre, near the city centre campus at Cathays Park.[39] Extensive playing fields for Rugby, football and lacrosse are located at the University playing fields near Llanrumney.[40] The University also utilises the nearby Millennium Stadium for rugby fixtures such as the annual varsity tournament.[41]

The 26 academic schools of the University are divided into three colleges: Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences; Biomedical and Life Sciences; and Physical Sciences.[42]

Cardiff also has a Doctoral Academy,[43] that brings together the work of four previous discipline-based Graduate Schools and the postgraduate research activity of the University's Graduate Centre.

In the financial year ended 31 July 2012, Cardiff University had a total net income of £425.54 million.[44] Key sources of income included £87.65 million from research grants and contracts, £117.36 million from Funding Council grants, £123.84 million from tuition fees and support grants and £3.17 million from endowment and investment income.[44] During the 2011/12 financial year Cardiff had a capital expenditure of £14.29 million.

At 31 July 2012 Cardiff had endowments of £25.58 million and total net assets of £402.86 million.[44]

Glamorgan Building

Cardiff has two Nobel Laureates on its staff, Sir Martin Evans and Robert Huber.[53] A number of Cardiff University staff have been elected as Fellows of the Royal Society, these include Graham Hutchings FRS, professor of Physical Chemistry and Director of the Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry,[54] Ole Holger Petersen, MRC Professor and Director of Cardiff School of Biosciences.[55] and John M. Pearce, Professor of Psychology.[56]

In 2013, Cardiff University was ranked as one of the best UK universities for supporting LGB students, by the charity Stonewall in its annual Gay by Degree guide. The University was one of only two in the UK and the only one in Wales to achieve top marks in a Stonewall checklist of priorities for LGB students.[57]

Cardiff University was ranked 163rd in Best Global Universities internationally and 20th nationally by US News.[58] In 2019, it ranked 171st among the universities around the world by SCImago Institutions Rankings.[59]

In terms of average UCAS points of entrants, Cardiff ranked 26th in Britain in 2018.[64] The university gave offers of admission to 75.2 per cent of its applicants in 2015, the 13th lowest amongst the Russell Group.[65]

According to the 2017 Times and Sunday Times Good University Guide, approximately 15 per cent of Cardiff's undergraduates come from independent schools.[66] In the 2016–2017 academic year, the university had a domicile breakdown of 76:5:19 of UK:EU:non-EU students respectively with a female to male ratio of 59:41.[67]

The University maintains 15 student halls and a number of student houses throughout the city of Cardiff; providing a total of 5,362 student places in accommodation.[68] They are in a variety of architectural styles and ages, from the Gothic Aberdare Hall, built in 1895, to the modern Talybont Gate Building, completed in 2014. All first-year students are guaranteed a place in university owned and managed halls.[69] The Cardiff University Halls are:

The Cardiff University Students' Union is a student-run organisation aiming to promote student interests within the University and further afield. The Cardiff University Students' Union building is near Cathays Park, next to Cathays railway station. It has shops, a night club and the studios of Xpress Radio and Gair Rhydd, the student newspaper. It is democratically controlled by the student body through the election of seven full-time officers, who manage the running of the Union.[70] The Union provides a range of services, including a number of cafes, bars and shops, as well as advice, training and representation. The Union is an affiliated member of the National Union of Students.[71]

The Union also supports over 260 other clubs and societies across a wide range of interests,[72] including: Cardiff University Debating Society,[73] and Act One, the student dramatic society.[74] All clubs offer opportunities for beginners and the more experienced students.

Nick Clegg at Cardiff University Students' Union conducting an interview with CUTV in 2010

The Union provides facilities and support for several student media groups, including: Gair Rhydd, an award-winning, free student newspaper that is released every Monday of term;[75] Quench, a monthly arts and lifestyle magazine that specialises in the local music scene as well as original investigative feature articles;[76] and CUTV, the student television channel.[77]

Xpress Radio is the student radio station. It broadcasts from 8 am to midnight during term time, with programming ranging from comedy panel shows and film review shows to new and local music showcases. It operates from 2 studios on the third floor of the Students' Union building.

Swansea and Cardiff Universities Men's Senior eights during The Welsh Boat Race in 2006

The Cardiff University Athletic Union is the body that supports student sport at Cardiff, it oversees more than 60 competitive and non-competitive sports clubs, many of which compete in the British Universities and Colleges Sport league.[78] The University's Ice Hockey team, the Cardiff Redhawks (which also recruits players from other Welsh universities) competes in the British Universities Ice Hockey Association leagues.[79]

The university's sports teams also take part in the annual Welsh Varsity against Swansea University, which includes the Welsh Boat Race, and several other sporting competitions.[80] The Welsh Varsity rugby match has been described as "probably... the second biggest Varsity Game next to Oxford vs Cambridge".[81]

Cardiff participates in British Universities and Colleges Sport which manages a sporting framework of competitive fixtures and events for over 150 institutions around the UK. Cardiff registers nearly 100 teams in the various leagues and competitions each year and sees students travelling around the country to represent Cardiff University. In 2013 Cardiff team achieved 15th position overall across the 50 different sports hosting events.

Cardiff University's motto is Gwirionedd, Undod a Chytgord. The Welsh motto translates as Truth, Unity and Concord or Truth, Unity and Harmony. It is taken from the prayer for the Church militant as it appears in the 1662 Book of Common Prayer.[82]

Cardiff University's current coat of arms was granted by the College of Arms in 1988 following the merger of University College Cardiff and the University of Wales Institute of Science and Technology.[83] The coat of arms incorporates features from the heraldry of both former institutions. The three chevrons are derived from the arms of the de Clare lords of Glamorgan. The open book signifies learning; on it are the crescent and annulet, marks of cadence that indicate that University College Cardiff was the second of the University of Wales' institutions, and that the University of Wales Institute of Science and Technology was the fifth.[84]

A notable feature of the arms are the supporters, which in heraldry are rarely granted to universities. The supporters are an angel from University College Cardiff and a Welsh Dragon from the University of Wales Institute of Science and Technology. The crest is a Welsh dragon in the stance of a lion; it stands on the helmet. Both the dragon and the helmet are distinguished by being front-facing rather than in profile as is more usually found in Welsh heraldry.[84]

List of Vice-Chancellors and Principals of Cardiff University and its predecessors (shown in brackets):

• 1883–1901 (University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire): John Viriamu Jones
• 1901–1918 (University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire): Ernest Howard Griffiths
• 1918–1929 (University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire): Professor A.H. Trow
• 1929–1949 (University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire): Sir Frederick Rees
• 1949–1966 (University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire): Anthony Bedford Steel
• 1966–1972 (University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire): Dr CWL 'Bill' Bevan
• 1972–1987 (University College Cardiff): Dr CWL 'Bill' Bevan
• 1968–1988 (University of Wales Institute of Science and Technology): Sir Aubrey Trotman-Dickenson
• 1988–1993: Sir Aubrey Trotman-Dickenson
• 1993–2001: Sir Brian Smith
• 2001–2012: Sir David Grant
• 2012–present: Professor Colin Riordan

Roy Jenkins, former President of the European Commission

• Lord Jenkins, former Chancellor of the Exchequer, Home Secretary, President of the European Commission and Chancellor of the University of Oxford (did not graduate)
• Barham Salih, president of Iraq, former prime minister of the Iraqi Kurdistan Region and former deputy prime minister of the Iraqi federal government

David Richards, Chief of the Defence Staff

• David Bahati, State Minister of Finance for Planning in the Cabinet of Uganda
• Christine Chapman, AM for Cynon Valley
• Jeffrey Cuthbert, Gwent Police and Crime Commissioner, AM for Caerphilly and Welsh Government Minister for Communities and Tackling Poverty
• Hefin David, AM for Caerphilly
• Wayne David, MP for Caerphilly and UK Shadow Minister for Europe, Shadow Minister for Defence Procurement and Shadow Minister for the Armed Forces
• S. O. Davies, miner, trade union official and Labour Party MP[85]
• Guto Harri, broadcaster, Communications Director for the Mayor of London
• Elin Jones, AM for Ceredigion, Presiding Officer of the National Assembly for Wales and Welsh Government Minister for Rural Affairs
• Sir Emyr Jones Parry, British Permanent Representative to the United Nations[86]
• Glenys Kinnock, MEP and UK Foreign Office Minister
• Neil Kinnock, MP for Bedwellty and for Islwyn, Leader of the Labour Party, Leader of the Opposition
• Mike Hedges, AM for Swansea East
• Hilary Marquand, MP for Cardiff East
• Robert Minhinnick, co-founder of Friends of the Earth (Cymru)[87]
• Christopher Walter Monckton, 3rd Viscount Monckton of Brenchley, advisor to Margaret Thatcher
• Craig Oliver, Conservative Party Director of Communications
• Adam Price, AM and leader of Plaid Cymru
• Bill Rammell, MP for Harlow
• David Rees, AM for Aberavon
• Lord Richards, Chief of the Defence Staff
• Michael Shrimpton, barrister, politician, and conspiracy theorist
• John Smith, MP for the Vale of Glamorgan, member of the Defence Select Committee.
• Brian Wilson, MP for Cunninghame North
• Mike Wood, MP for Dudley South

Martin Evans, Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine

Robert Huber, Nobel Laureate in Chemistry

• Miguel Alcubierre, Mexican theoretical physicist
• Rudolf K. Allemann, Swiss biochemist
• Robin Attfield, philosopher
• Martin J. Ball, Professor of Speech Language Pathology at Linköping University, Sweden
• Yehuda Bauer, Professor of Holocaust Studies at the Avraham Harman Institute of Contemporary Jewry at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem
• Leszek Borysiewicz, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge
• The Rt Revd Gregory Cameron, Bishop of St Asaph
• Sheila Cameron QC, lawyer and ecclesiastical judge
• Archie Cochrane, pioneer of scientific method in medicine
• Peter Coles, Professor of Astrophysics
• The Rt Revd Paul Colton, Bishop of Cork, Cloyne and Ross
• David Crouch, historian
• Alun Davies, bioscientist
• Huw Dixon, economist
• Stephen Dunnett, neuroscientist
• Alice Laura Embleton, biologist, zoologist and suffragist.
• Sir Martin Evans, Nobel Prize for Medicine[88] 2007
• Mahmoud Ezzamel, professorial fellow
• Dimitra Fimi, writer
• Karen Holford, engineer
• Robert Huber, Professor of Chemistry, Nobel Laureate in Chemistry 1988[89][90]
• John Loughlin, Professor of Politics
• Vaughan Lowe QC, Chichele Professor of Public International Law in the University of Oxford
• Patrick Minford, Professor of Applied Economics
• John Warwick Montgomery – American lawyer and theologian; Distinguished Research Professor of Philosophy and Christian Thought at Patrick Henry College.[91]
• Christopher Norris, literary critic
• Sir Keith Peters, FRS PMedSci (Regius Professor of Physic in the University of Cambridge)
• Leighton Durham Reynolds, Emeritus Professor of Classical Languages and Literature, University of Oxford
• Alice Roberts, clinical anatomist and osteoarchaeologist
• Wendy Sadler, physicist and science communicator
• H. W. Lloyd Tanner, Professor of Mathematics and Astronomy (1883–1909)
• Pamela Taylor, Professor of Forensic Psychiatry since 2004
• Meena Upadhyaya, medical geneticist
• The Rt Revd Dominic Walker, OGS, Bishop of Monmouth
• Keith Ward, philosopher, Gresham Professor of Divinity, Gresham College
• Chandra Wickramasinghe, mathematician, astronomer and astrobiologist, Professor of Applied Mathematics
• Rheinallt Nantlais Williams, professor of the philosophy of religion, principal of the United Theological College, Aberystwyth
• Emma Yhnell, biomedical research scientist

• Spencer Dale, Chief economist, Bank of England
• Andrew Gould, Chairman and former CEO, Schlumberger[92]
• Martin Lewis, personal finance journalist, television presenter and website entrepreneur
• Dame Mary Perkins, Co-Founder, Specsavers
• Ceri Powell, senior Royal Dutch Shell executive
• John Pettigrew (businessman), CEO, National Grid plc

• Nathan Cleverly, professional boxer and former WBO light heavyweight world champion
• Gareth Davies, former Wales and British and Irish Lions international rugby union player, and current chief executive of Cardiff Rugby Football Club
• Gerald Davies, former Wales and British and Irish Lions international rugby union player
• Mike Hall, former Wales and British and Irish Lions international rugby union player
• Heather Knight, English cricketer
• Steven Outerbridge, Bermudian cricketer
• Jamie Roberts, Wales and British and Irish Lions international rugby union player
• James Tomlinson, English cricketer
• Bradley Wadlan, Welsh cricketer
• Alex Gough, Squash player

Huw Edwards, BAFTA award-winning journalist

Tim Hetherington, nominee of the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 2011

• Paul Atherton, television and film producer and director
• Matt Barbet, journalist
• Manish Bhasin, journalist and television presenter
• Nick Broomfield, documentary filmmaker and receiver of the BAFTA Lifetime Achievement Award for Contribution to Documentary
• Philip Cashian, composer
• Suw Charman-Anderson, journalist and social software consultant.
• Adrian Chiles, television presenter
• Gillian Clarke, poet and receiver of the Queen's Gold Medal for Poetry
• Huw Edwards, journalist
• Ken Elias, artist/painter
• Max Foster, CNN Anchor, CNN Today[93]
• M. A. Griffiths, poet
• Julia Hartley-Brewer, journalist and television presenter
• Jiang Heping, Executive Director of the CCTV Sports Programming Centre and Controller of CCTV-5
• Tim Hetherington, photo-journalist and co-director of Academy Award-nominated Restrepo
• Elis James, stand up comedian and actor
• Alun Hoddinott, composer
• Sioned James (1974-2016), choral conductor
• Karl Jenkins, composer
• Alan Johnston, journalist
• Riz Khan, journalist and television interviewer
• Bernard Knight, crime writer
• Simon Lane, co-founder and Creative director of The Yogscast Ltd
• Gwilym Lee, actor.
• Siân Lloyd, television presenter
• Los Campesinos!, six piece indie pop band
• Philip Madoc, actor
• Paul Moorcraft, writer
• Sharon Morgan, actress
• Joanna Natasegara, documentary producer, Academy Award winner for Netflix documentary The White Helmets
• Siân Phillips, actress
• Susanna Reid, television presenter
• James Righton, musician
• Arlene Sierra, composer
• Mari Strachan, novelist and librarian
• Richard Tait, former BBC Governor and BBC trustee
• Craig Thomas, author
• Alex Thomson, journalist & television presenter
• Vedhicka, Indian actress
• Grace Williams, composer
• Ron Smerczak actor[94]
• Ibrahim Sheme. Nigerian journalist, novelist, publisher