Elio de Angelis

Elio de Angelis (26 March 1958 – 15 May 1986) was an Italian racing driver who participated in Formula One between 1979 and 1986, racing for the Shadow, Lotus and Brabham teams. He was killed in an accident while testing the Brabham BT55 at the Paul Ricard circuit, near the commune of Le Castellet, France, in 1986. De Angelis was a very competitive and highly popular presence in Formula One during the 1980s, and is sometimes referred to as Formula One's "last gentleman player".[1]

Elio de Angelis
De Angelis at the 1982 Dutch Grand Prix
Born(1958-03-26)26 March 1958
Rome, Italy
Died15 May 1986(1986-05-15) (aged 28)
Marseille, France
Formula One World Championship career
Nationality Italian
Active years19791986
TeamsShadow, Lotus, Brabham
Entries109 (108 starts)
Championships0
Wins2
Podiums9
Career points122
Pole positions3
Fastest laps0
First entry1979 Argentine Grand Prix
First win1982 Austrian Grand Prix
Last win1985 San Marino Grand Prix
Last entry1986 Monaco Grand Prix
British Formula One Championship career
Active years1978
Races1
Championships0
Wins0
Podium finishes1
Career points12
Pole positions0
Fastest laps0

Early life

De Angelis was born in Rome. His father Giulio was an inshore and offshore powerboat racer who won many world championships in the 1960s and 1970s.

After a brief spell with karts, de Angelis went on to win the Italian Formula Three Championship in 1977. In 1978 he raced in Formula Two for Minardi and then for the ICI British F2 Team, he also competed in one round of the British Formula One championship and won the prestigious Monaco F3 race.

Formula One

At the end of the 1977 season, de Angelis was on Enzo Ferrari's short list to replace Niki Lauda. De Angelis successfully tested the Ferrari at the Fiorano circuit but eventually Ferrari decided to hire Gilles Villeneuve.[2] De Angelis's debut Formula One season was in 1979 with Shadow. He finished seventh in his maiden Grand Prix in Argentina and 15th in the championship with three points.

De Angelis's performance with Shadow caught the eye of Lotus boss Colin Chapman, who hired him to partner Mario Andretti in 1980. At the age of 21, de Angelis nearly became the youngest Grand Prix winner of all time when he finished second at the Brazilian Grand Prix, run at the Interlagos circuit.

De Angelis driving for Lotus at the 1981 British Grand Prix.

His first victory came in the 1982 Austrian Grand Prix at the Österreichring, 0.05 seconds ahead of the Williams of eventual 1982 World Champion Keke Rosberg. The win was the last hailed by Colin Chapman's act of throwing his cloth cap into the air. Chapman died in December that year and Peter Warr became the new Lotus team manager.

In 1983 Lotus switched from the Cosworth DFV they had been using since 1967, to Renault turbo engines, but it was a disappointing season, suffering multiple mechanical failures. De Angelis's best result was a fifth place in the 1983 Italian Grand Prix.

In 1984 de Angelis had a much better season, scoring a total of 34 points and finishing third in the standings with three podiums. His best result was a second place at the Detroit Grand Prix. De Angelis was the only driver to finish in the top 5 in 1984 not to score a race win, showing his consistent performances throughout the season with the improving Lotus-Renault.

In 1985, de Angelis was joined at Lotus by Ayrton Senna, who had left the Toleman team. De Angelis's second win came in the third race of the season, at the 1985 San Marino Grand Prix, after Alain Prost was disqualified when his McLaren MP4/2B was found 2 kg underweight. De Angelis also claimed his last Formula One pole position that year in Canada. He finished fifth in the championship, with 33 points, five points behind his teammate. However, de Angelis chose to leave Lotus at the end of the season, frustrated that the team's efforts were being focused mostly on Senna.

De Angelis's drive for 1986 was with Brabham, as a replacement for twice World Champion Nelson Piquet, who had moved to Williams to join de Angelis's former Lotus teammate Nigel Mansell. Fellow Italian Riccardo Patrese was his teammate. Patrese was returning to the Bernie Ecclestone owned team after two unhappy years with Alfa Romeo.

De Angelis driving for Team Lotus at the 1985 German Grand Prix.

The 1986 Brabham-BMW, the BT55, was the brainchild of long time Brabham designer Gordon Murray. The BT55 was a lowline car with a reduced frontal area, the idea being to have a cleaner airflow over the car to create more downforce, while at the same time reducing the car's drag. The chassis proved effective, unlike the l4 BMW turbo that had to be tilted to an angle of 72°. This caused severe oil surge and an even greater lack of throttle response than the BMW had become famous for. Although the team worked hard to overcome these problems, it was clear from early in the season that Brabham had fallen behind the leading pack.

Death and aftermath

In May 1986, during tests at the Paul Ricard circuit in France, the rear wing of de Angelis's BT55 detached at high speed[3] resulting in the car losing downforce on the rear wheels, which instigated a cartwheel over a sidetrack barrier, causing the car to catch fire. The impact itself did not kill de Angelis but he was unable to extract himself from the car unassisted. The situation was exacerbated by the lack of track marshals on the circuit who could have provided him with emergency assistance. A 30-minute delay ensued before a helicopter arrived and de Angelis died 29 hours later, at the hospital in Marseille where he had been taken, from smoke inhalation. His actual crash impact injuries were only a broken collar bone and light burns on his back.

De Angelis's death also saw the end of Formula One using the full 5.81 km (3.61 mi) Paul Ricard Circuit. F1 cars started using the 3.812 km (2.369 mi) "Club" version of the circuit, bypassing the Verriere curves where the Brabham had crashed, and cutting the length of the Mistral Straight from 1.8 to 1 km in length. The move was unpopular with many of the drivers, although most did like the reduced straight length as it was easier on the engines. Paul Ricard would not host a race on the full layout until 2018, which featured sharper Verriere curves and a chicane on Mistral effectively cutting the straight to two 800m straights.

De Angelis's place in the Brabham team was subsequently taken by Derek Warwick, allegedly because Warwick was the only available top level driver who did not contact team owner Bernie Ecclestone immediately after de Angelis's death asking to replace him. McLaren driver Keke Rosberg, who was a close friend of de Angelis, retired at the end of the 1986 season.[4]

De Angelis was the last driver to die in a Formula One car until Roland Ratzenberger died during qualifying for the San Marino Grand Prix at Imola eight years later. The day after Ratzenberger's death, de Angelis's former Lotus teammate (and by then a triple World Champion) Ayrton Senna was killed on the seventh lap when his Williams-Renault crashed into the Tamburello Curve wall at over 180 mph (290 km/h).

Legacy

De Angelis was a concert-standard pianist, and famously kept his fellow Formula One drivers entertained with his skills while they locked themselves in a Johannesburg hotel before the 1982 South African Grand Prix at Kyalami when the Grand Prix Drivers Association held a strike in protest at the new Super Licence conditions imposed by the governing body, the FIA.

The French-Italian driver Jean Alesi, who broke into the sport in 1989, wore a helmet that matched de Angelis's design, in tribute to his semi-compatriot.

In 2016, in an academic paper that reported a mathematical modelling study that assessed the relative influence of driver and machine, de Angelis was ranked the 20th best Formula One driver of all time.[5]

In 2017 de Angelis was honoured at the Ludovico Scarfiotti Memorial in Rome.[6]

Racing record

Career summary

Season Series Team Races Wins Poles F/Laps Podiums Points Position
1977 European Formula Three Valtellina Racing 14 1 2 4 1 18 7th
1978 European Formula Two Chevron Racing 12 0 0 0 0 4 14th
1979 Formula One Interscope Shadow Racing Team 14 0 0 0 0 3 15th
BMW M1 Procar Championship BMW Italia 4 1 0 0 1 20 13th
1980 Formula One Team Essex Lotus 14 0 0 0 1 13 7th
1981 Formula One Team Essex Lotus 5 0 0 0 0 14 8th
John Player Team Lotus 9 0 0 0 0
1982 Formula One John Player Team Lotus 15 1 0 0 1 33 9th
1983 Formula One John Player Team Lotus 15 0 1 0 0 2 17th
1984 Formula One John Player Team Lotus 16 0 1 0 4 4 3rd
1985 Formula One John Player Special Team Lotus 16 1 1 0 3 33 5th
1986 Formula One Motor Racing Developments 4 0 0 0 0 0 NC

Formula One World Championship results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position)

Year Entrant Chassis Engine 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 WDC Pts.
1979 Interscope Shadow Racing Team Shadow DN9 Cosworth V8 ARG
7
BRA
12
RSA
Ret
USW
7
ESP
Ret
BEL
Ret
MON
DNQ
FRA
16
GBR
12
GER
11
AUT
Ret
NED
Ret
ITA
Ret
CAN
Ret
USA
4
15th 3
1980 Team Essex Lotus Lotus 81 Cosworth V8 ARG
Ret
BRA
2
RSA
Ret
USW
Ret
BEL
10
MON
9
FRA
Ret
GBR
Ret
GER
16
AUT
6
NED
Ret
ITA
4
CAN
10
USA
4
7th 13
1981 Team Essex Lotus Lotus 81 Cosworth V8 USW
Ret
BRA
5
ARG
6
SMR
WD
BEL
5
8th 14
Lotus 87 MON
Ret
John Player Team Lotus ESP
5
FRA
6
GBR
DSQ
GER
7
AUT
7
NED
5
ITA
4
CAN
6
CPL
Ret
1982 John Player Team Lotus Lotus 87B Cosworth V8 RSA
8
9th 23
Lotus 91 BRA
Ret
USW
5
SMR BEL
4
MON
5
DET
Ret
CAN
4
NED
Ret
GBR
4
FRA
Ret
GER
Ret
AUT
1
SUI
6
ITA
Ret
CPL
Ret
1983 John Player Team Lotus Lotus 91 Cosworth V8 BRA
DSQ
17th 2
Lotus 93T Renault V6 (tc) USW
Ret
FRA
Ret
SMR
Ret
MON
Ret
BEL
9
DET
Ret
CAN
Ret
Lotus 94T GBR
Ret
GER
Ret
AUT
Ret
NED
Ret
ITA
5
EUR
Ret
RSA
Ret
1984 John Player Team Lotus Lotus 95T Renault V6 (tc) BRA
3
RSA
7
BEL
5
SMR
3
FRA
5
MON
5
CAN
4
DET
2
DAL
3
GBR
4
GER
Ret
AUT
Ret
NED
4
ITA
Ret
EUR
Ret
POR
5
3rd 34
1985 John Player Special Team Lotus Lotus 97T Renault V6 (tc) BRA
3
POR
4
SMR
1
MON
3
CAN
5
DET
5
FRA
5
GBR
NC
GER
Ret
AUT
5
NED
5
ITA
6
BEL
Ret
EUR
5
RSA
Ret
AUS
DSQ
5th 33
1986 Motor Racing Developments Brabham BT55 BMW Straight-4 (tc) BRA
8
ESP
Ret
SMR
Ret
MON
Ret
BEL CAN DET FRA GBR GER HUN AUT ITA POR MEX AUS NC 0
  • ‡ Race was stopped with less than 75% of laps completed, half points awarded.

References

  1. "20 years since Elio de Angelis died". f1technical.net. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
  2. "Ricordando Elio De Angelis, il terzo Memorial Scarfiotti è dedicato a lui". corrieredellosport.it. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
  3. "Elio de Angelis – Paul Ricard Accident 14th May 1986". www.eliodeangelis.info. Archived from the original on 21 May 2013. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
  4. "Keke Rosberg". ESPN UK. Retrieved 30 January 2016.
  5. Hanlon, Mike (12 May 2016). "The Top 50 F1 drivers of all time, regardless of what they were driving". New Atlas. Retrieved 29 August 2019.
  6. "Memorial Lodovico Scarfiotti dedicato a Elio De Angelis, Jean Alesi sulla sua Lotus". cronachemaceratesi.it (in Italian). 23 May 2017. Retrieved 4 January 2018.
Sporting positions
Preceded by
Riccardo Patrese
Italian Formula Three
Champion

1977
Succeeded by
Siegfried Stohr
Preceded by
Didier Pironi
Monaco Formula Three
Winner

1978
Succeeded by
Alain Prost
Preceded by
Riccardo Paletti
Formula One fatal accidents
15 May 1986
Succeeded by
Roland Ratzenberger
Records
Preceded by
Bruce McLaren
21 years, 322 days
(1959 British GP)
Youngest driver to score a
podium position in Formula One

21 years, 307 days
(1980 Brazilian Grand Prix)
Succeeded by
Ralf Schumacher
21 years, 287 days
(1997 Argentine GP)
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