Fontana, California

Fontana (/fɒnˈtænə/) is a city in San Bernardino County, California. Founded by Azariel Blanchard Miller in 1913,[1] it remained essentially rural until World War II, when entrepreneur Henry J. Kaiser built a large steel mill in the area. It is now a regional hub of the trucking industry, with the east-west Interstate 10 and State Route 210 crossing the city and Interstate 15 passing diagonally through its northwestern quadrant.

Fontana, California
City
City of Fontana
Clockwise: Cucamonga Peak in the San Gabriel Mountains; Fontana Center Stage; aerial view of Fontana; Lewis Library.
Flag
Seal
Motto(s): 
"City of Action"
Location of Fontana in San Bernardino County, California
Fontana
Location in the United States
Coordinates: 34°6′N 117°28′W
Country United States
State California
CountySan Bernardino
Founded1913[1]
IncorporatedJune 25, 1952[2]
Government
 • TypeCouncil-Manager[3]
 • City Council[4]Mayor Acquanetta Warren
John Roberts
Jesus Sandoval
Michael Tahan
Jesse Armendarez
 • City clerkTonia Lewis[5]
 • City TreasurerJanet Koehler-Brooks[6]
 • City ManagerKen Hunt[7]
Area
 • Total43.07 sq mi (111.55 km2)
 • Land43.07 sq mi (111.55 km2)
 • Water0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2)  3%
Elevation1,237 ft (377 m)
Population
 • Total196,069
 • Estimate 
(2019)[11]
214,547
 • Rank2nd in San Bernardino County
19th in California
104th in the United States
 • Density4,981.12/sq mi (1,923.24/km2)
Time zoneUTC−8 (PST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−7 (PDT)
ZIP codes
92331, 92334–92337[12]
Area codes909, 951[13]
FIPS code06-24680
GNIS feature IDs1652711, 2410517
Websitefontana.org

It is home to a renovated historic theater, a municipal park, and the Auto Club Speedway on the site of the Kaiser Steel Mill. Fontana also hosts the Fontana Days Half Marathon and 5K run. This race is the fastest half-marathon course in the world.[14]

The United States Census Bureau estimated Fontana's 2019 population at 214,547, making it the second-most populous city in San Bernardino County and the 19th largest in the state.[11]

History

Fontana was founded in 1919 by Azariel Blanchard Miller.[1][15] The name fontana is Italian for fountain or water source, being in close proximity to the Santa Ana River to the east. Within a few years it became an agricultural town of citrus orchards, vineyards and chicken ranches and astride U.S. Route 66 (now known as Foothill Boulevard). The Fontana area was radically transformed during World War II when Henry J. Kaiser built the Kaiser Steel plant,[16] at the time one of only two steel mills west of the Mississippi River outside the city limits. To provide for the plant workers' health needs, Henry J. Kaiser constructed the Fontana Kaiser Permanente medical facility, now the largest managed care organization in the United States.

In the 1950s and '60s, Fontana was home to a drag racing strip that was a venue in the NHRA circuit. Mickey Thompson's Fontana International Dragway was also referred to as Fontana Drag City or Fontana Drag Strip. The original Fontana strip is gone, but the owners of NASCAR's new Auto Club Speedway opened a NHRA-sanctioned drag strip in Fontana in mid-2006.

Ro-Val's automobile museum, located on Foothill Boulevard on the western outskirts between Fontana and Cucamonga, was the home for many classic automobiles of the 1920s and '30s, including a huge vehicle once owned by screen actor Fatty Arbuckle. When the Ro-Val museum closed, the vehicles were sold to Bill Harrah, a Nevada casino owner and automobile collector, who placed them on display in the museum located at his casino.

As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 128,929, but the present population is now estimated to have exceeded 210,000. This rapid expansion has had much to do with the numerous large, new residential developments in the sparsely populated northern part of the city, as well as with the city's aggressive (and highly successful) campaign to annex several unincorporated, but developed, San Bernardino county island areas in 2006–2007.

Geography

Topography

Most of the city of Fontana, like its eastern neighbors Rialto and San Bernardino, is built atop a geologically young, gently southward-sloping alluvial fan from nearby Lytle Creek, deposited mainly during the Holocene and late-Pleistocene epochs. There are also sedimentary deposits of similar age from Etiwanda Creek on the western edge of the city. However, the northern and southern edges of the city are formed by the much older San Gabriel and Jurupa mountain ranges, respectively. The Jurupa Mountains are composed primarily of Cretaceous and Paleozoic-era rocks, as are the San Gabriels, which also include even older, Proterozoic formations.[17][18] The most prominent of the San Gabriel Mountains visible from Fontana is Cucamonga Peak, elevation 8,859 feet (2,700 m). Additionally, the Cucamonga Fault Zone, contiguous with the Sierra Madre Fault Zone, runs through the northern part of the city, along the base of the San Gabriels, notably through the Hunter's Ridge and Coyote Canyon planned communities. It is estimated to be capable of producing earthquakes approximately of magnitude 6.0-7.0.[19]

The city's listed elevation, measured from the northeast corner of the intersection of Upland Avenue and Sierra Avenue, downtown by City Hall, is 1,237 feet (377 m). However, the highest elevation within the city limits is approximately 2,600 feet (790 m), in the northernmost part of the Panorama neighborhood of Hunter's Ridge. The lowest point within the city limits is approximately 840 feet (260 m), at the intersection of Etiwanda and Philadelphia avenues, the extreme southwestern corner of the city.[20] This difference in elevation is due to the southward slope of the Lytle Creek alluvial fan.

Climate

The city is frequently affected by the strong, hot and dry Santa Ana winds as they blow through the nearby Cajon Pass of the San Gabriel mountains, from the Mojave Desert. Fontana can also be extremely hot in summer, well over 100 degrees Fahrenheit.[21]

Climate data for Fontana, California
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 93
(33.9)		 92
(33.3)		 97
(36.1)		 102
(38.9)		 112
(44.4)		 111
(43.9)		 114
(45.6)		 111
(43.9)		 117
(47.2)		 108
(42.2)		 96
(35.6)		 93
(33.9)		 117
(47.2)
Average high °F (°C) 69
(20)		 70
(21.1)		 71
(21.7)		 77
(24.4)		 81
(26.7)		 89
(31.1)		 95
(35)		 96
(35)		 92
(32.8)		 83
(28.3)		 74
(23.3)		 70
(20.6)		 81
(27.4)
Average low °F (°C) 46
(7.2)		 47
(8.3)		 48
(8.3)		 50
(9.4)		 53
(11.7)		 58
(13.9)		 63
(16.7)		 64
(17.2)		 63
(16.7)		 57
(13.3)		 50
(9.4)		 46
(6.7)		 53.8
(11.87)
Record low °F (°C) 22
(−5.6)		 28
(−2.2)		 30
(−1.1)		 30
(−1.1)		 35
(1.7)		 42
(5.6)		 48
(8.9)		 48
(8.9)		 44
(6.7)		 33
(0.6)		 28
(−2.2)		 23
(−5)		 22
(−5.6)
Average precipitation inches (cm) 3.50
(8.89)		 3.42
(8.68)		 3.49
(8.86)		 0.63
(1.60)		 0.19
(0.48)		 0.01
(0.02)		 0.00
(0)		 0.11
(0.27)		 0.26
(0.66)		 0.27
(0.68)		 1.26
(3.20)		 1.63
(4.14)		 14.77
(37.51)
Source: weather.com[22]

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
196014,659—
197020,67341.0%
198036,80478.0%
199087,535137.8%
2000128,92947.3%
2010196,06952.1%
2019 (est.)214,547[11]9.4%
U.S. Decennial Census[23]

2000

As of the census[24] of 2000, there were 128,929 people, 34,014 households, and 29,013 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,569.7 inhabitants per square mile (1,378.2/km2). There were 35,908 housing units at an average density of 994.2 per square mile (383.8/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 45.0% White, 11.8% African American, 1.1% Native American, 4.4% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 31.9% from other races, and 5.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 57.7% of the population.

There were 34,014 households, out of which 57.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.5% were married couples living together, 15.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 14.7% were non-families. 10.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.8 and the average family size was 4.0.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 37.8% under the age of 18, 10.3% from 18 to 24, 32.4% from 25 to 44, 14.7% from 45 to 64, and 4.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 26 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.2 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $45,782, and the median income for a family was $46,957. Males had a median income of $36,062 versus $26,305 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,208. About 12.2% of families and 14.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.2% of those under age 18 and 10.3% of those age 65 or over.

2010

The 2010 United States Census[25] reported that Fontana had a population of 196,069. The population density was 4,620.8 people per square mile (1,784.1/km2). The racial makeup of Fontana was 92,978 (47.4%) White (15.4% Non-Hispanic White),[26] 19,574 (10.0%) African American, 1,957 (1.0%) Native American, 12,948 (6.6%) Asian, 547 (0.3%) Pacific Islander, 58,449 (29.8%) from other races, and 9,616 (4.9%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 130,957 persons (66.8%).

The Census reported that 195,625 people (99.8% of the population) lived in households, 216 (0.1%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 228 (0.1%) were institutionalized.

There were 49,116 households, out of which 29,465 (60.0%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 30,245 (61.6%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 8,074 (16.4%) had a female householder with no husband present, 4,125 (8.4%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 3,447 (7.0%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 317 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 4,801 households (9.8%) were made up of individuals, and 1,633 (3.3%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.98. There were 42,444 families (86.4% of all households); the average family size was 4.18.

The population was spread out, with 64,521 people (32.9%) under the age of 18, 22,995 people (11.7%) aged 18 to 24, 57,646 people (29.4%) aged 25 to 44, 39,823 people (20.3%) aged 45 to 64, and 11,084 people (5.7%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.7 males.

There were 51,857 housing units at an average density of 1,222.1 per square mile (471.9/km2), of which 33,862 (68.9%) were owner-occupied, and 15,254 (31.1%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.6%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.0%. 134,857 people (68.8% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 60,768 people (31.0%) lived in rental housing units.

According to the 2010 United States Census, Fontana had a median household income of $64,195, with 15.0% of the population living below the federal poverty line.[26]

Economy

Fontana's current economy is driven largely by industrial uses, particularly trucking-based industries. Public funding assists in reducing the associated pollution impacts the community.[27]

The city is home to several truck dealerships, and other industrial equipment sales centers, and, like its neighbors Ontario and Rancho Cucamonga, many product distribution centers for such companies as Toyota, Target, Sears, Mercedes-Benz, Southern California Edison, Home Shopping Network, and Avery Dennison. The city is also home to numerous small manufacturers of building materials and other locally used products, and many small auto dealerships and salvage yards. Fontana's economy has also heavily encouraged, at least until such activities had been somewhat hampered by the Subprime mortgage crisis, the planning, developing and construction of new housing tracts. The city also has numerous local shopping centers, such as the Summit Heights Gateway/Falcon Ridge Town Center at the north end of the city, and Palm Court in the southern section. The city also features commercial strip zoning along several of its major avenues and boulevards, such as the "Miracle Mile" straddling State Route 210 between Citrus and Sierra Avenues. The official Fontana Auto Center is part of that zone, with two major dealerships already in place.

According to the City's 2010 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[28] the top employers in the city are:

# Employer # of Employees
1 Kaiser Permanente 5,300
2 Fontana Unified School District 3,939
3 City of Fontana 1,883
4 Target 1,393
5 Manheim Auctions 700
6 Better Beverages 500
7 American Security Products 450
8 Coronado Stone Products 400
9 Firth Rixson 380
10 Reddaway 350

The Auto Club Speedway brings racing fans and dozens of teams to the region each year with an economic impact for restaurants, motels, and hotels.

Government
Fontana City Hall, on Sierra Avenue

Local government

Fontana is a general law city; it has no city charter. Led by a council composed of a mayor and four councilmembers, it uses a council-manager form of government. The mayor, council members, city clerk, and city treasurer are elected at-large to serve four-year terms.[4]

According to the city's most recent Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the city's various funds had $348.0 million in Revenues, $224.0 million in expenditures, $1,371.6 million in total assets, $754.1 million in total liabilities, and $251.3 million in cash and investments.[29]

State and federal representation

In the California State Legislature, Fontana is in the 20th Senate District, represented by Democrat Connie Leyva, and in the 47th Assembly District, represented by Democrat Eloise Reyes.[30]

In the United States House of Representatives, Fontana is split between California's 31st, and 35th districts,[31] which are represented by Democrat Pete Aguilar and Democrat Norma Torres, respectively.

Education

Lewis Library

One of the more prominent and well-known landmarks of the city is the Lewis Library and Technology Center, which opened in April 2008. At an estimated cost of over $60,000,000, this facility was made possible through a mixture of private and public funds. It is the largest library in the San Bernardino County Library System.[32]

Lewis Library and Technology Center

Located on Sierra Avenue, downtown, some features of the library include:

  • New book shelving, reading areas and a Children's Library, named in honor of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
  • An expanded collection exceeding 142,000 items, including 7,850 reference, media, and periodical items;
  • A room of historical documents, maintained by the Fontana Historical Society;
  • Electronic databases, software applications, remote access to online informational resources and Internet access;
  • Homework clubs and a homework center;
  • Spanish language and homework materials;
  • A computer technology support and training center;
  • A literacy center with tutoring programs;
  • A career center;
  • 203 public use computer work stations including 25 Spanish language computers;
  • Community meeting rooms and a 330-seat auditorium for meetings, lectures and special presentations;
  • A bookstore and coffee bar;
  • An underground parking garage.
  • Various city government offices.

Public schools

While most residents of the city attend schools within the Fontana Unified School District, some areas of the city are served by neighboring school districts.

Charter schools

There are two Options For Youth Charter Schools in Fontana. These schools are chartered through the Victor Valley Union High School District and offer an independent study program and Small group classes to obtain a high school diploma.

Infrastructure

Transportation
Foothill Freeway near the Citrus Avenue of-ramp

The Metrolink rail service to the greater Los Angeles area has a station here and runs through the center of town. The city of Fontana is ten minutes away from Ontario International Airport.[33]

The city is also served by Omnitrans bus service.[34]

Bono's Orange on Route 66 is one of the last extant giant orange-shaped fruit stands once common to the region. This stand was built in 1936 and moved to its present location in 1997.[35]

Utilities

Fontana receives electrical power through the Southern California Edison Company. Gas service is provided by the Southern California Gas Company. Telephone and DSL Internet service are through AT&T and Frontier Communications, though Frontier serves a smaller portion of the city. Charter Communications also provides cable television and cable Internet access. Burrtec Waste provides rubbish and trash collection throughout the city. Burrtec offers both regular waste and green waste recycling programs. Fontana is served by five different water companies, but none of their service areas overlap. These companies are: Fontana Water; the Cucamonga Valley Water District; Marygold Mutual Water; and West Valley Water District, and the city of Rialto. Sewage service in the city is provided by the Inland Empire Utilities Agency, but is billed out by the city of Fontana itself.[36] The Fontana community is serviced by KFON-TV (commonly known as Fontana Community Television), a Government-access television (GATV) cable tv.[37]

Healthcare

Fontana is home to the Kaiser Permanente-Fontana Hospital. Located on Sierra Avenue, and occupying most of the block between Sierra, Marygold, and Palmetto Avenues, and Valley Boulevard, The campus forms one of the largest healthcare facilities in the Inland Empire Region. On more of a side note, the various facilities are also among the tallest and largest buildings in the city (other than industrial distribution centers). The hospital is home to sixty different specialized departments, plus emergency care.[38]

Also, located in the north end of the city, along the "Miracle Mile" of Sierra Lakes Parkway and the 210 freeway, is the Sierra San Antonio Medical Plaza, a 60,000-square-foot (5,600 m2) outpatient center and medical office building supported by San Antonio Community Hospital. Services currently available from SSAMP are urgent care, diagnostic radiology, physician offices, and a pharmacy. The facility also boasts a 3,000-square-foot (280 m2) educational suite where community lectures, health screenings, awareness campaigns, maternity and CPR classes are held.[39]

Culture, sports and recreation
Center Stage Theater

Center Stage

Located next door to the Lewis Library on Sierra stands the Center Stage Theater. Built in the Art Deco style in 1937, and designed by architect C.H. Boller, the former Fontana (movie) Theater was recently renovated during 2004–2008 after several decades of various other uses, into a live dinner theater, with $6,000,000 in funds earmarked by the Fontana City Council. It reopened to the public on July 25, 2008.[40]

Steelworkers' Auditorium

Next door to the Lewis Library and Technology Center, the Steelworkers' Auditorium houses events like Performance Tuesdays, theatre camps, acting classes, musical classes, summer reading programs, family movie nights, performance recitals and dance classes.

The building is also available for rent for certain occasions such as: award ceremonies, dance recitals, talent competitions and much more.[41]

Art Depot

The Art Depot is one of Fontana's original community centers, and is a specialized Cultural Arts facility. Originally built as a freight depot of the Pacific Electric Railway in 1915, the Art Depot sits alongside the newly landscaped Pacific Electric Trail in the Helen Putnam Historical Plaza. The Art Depot offers art classes, open studio activities, and special events.[42]

Artist Showcase

Through the provision of quarterly artist showcases, Fontana residents are introduced to local artists.

One of the objectives of the program is to introduce the process used by the artist to develop the art form, and methods used to bring the work to life. Each artist selected for the quarterly showcases is asked to exhibit their work for a three-month period in the City Council Chamber Foyer located at City Hall. The artist will also be showcased in a small presentation, invited to dine with the members of the Fontana Community and presented to City Council. Additionally, each artist selected will be awarded a nominal stipend from the local Fontana business community.[43]

Auto Club Speedway

Auto Club Speedway, a racetrack that plays host to the NASCAR Cup Series and Xfinity Series, along with former IndyCar Series events. It is located in an unincorporated part of Fontana, on Cherry Avenue. It is built on the former site of the Kaiser Steel mill. The large smelting furnaces of the mill were sold to China, and the rest remains a working steel mill operated by California Steel Industries, which is owned by the Japanese company JFE Steel Corporation. [44] The track is currently a low-banked 2-mile oval, but will be terraformed into a 0.5 mile long short track that is similar in style to the Bristol Motor Speedway by 2023 due to the Covid-19 Pandemic forcing it to be pushed back a year.[45]

Community centers

Cypress Neighborhood Center

The Center opened its doors in the heart of downtown Fontana for over 30 years. Since then, it has undergone some renovations and changed up some of the programming. It is a center devoted to bringing forth as many fun and unique programs to residents. The programming includes: ballet, dance, karate, kickboxing, its very own Tiny Tot program, and much more.[46]

Don Day Neighborhood Center

Located in South Fontana, Don Day Neighborhood Center is a center filled with activities and fun. Attached to the center is an outside pool that is only opened for the summer. They have open rooms used for programs like: mixed martial arts, dance, fitness, gymnastics, and much more. The rooms are also available for birthday parties, meetings, and other celebrations. There is a Tiny Tot Program affiliated with the center as well.

The center is also combined with Southridge Park that features amenities such as: tennis courts, basketball courts, mountain bike trails, baseball fields, playgrounds, and open spaces.[47]

Jessie Turner Health & Fitness Community Center, Aquatics Center & Fontana Park

Upon opening to the public on October 25, 2008, Fontana Park (located in the northern part of the city at Summit Avenue and Lytle Creek Road), is now the city's second largest municipal park, featuring a large community center (Jessie Turner Health and Fitness Community Center), aquatic center, skate park, dog park, basketball gym, sports pavilion, and several child-oriented play areas.

  • The steel mill scene in Terminator 2 and the detention zone scene in The Running Man were filmed in the vacant Kaiser Steel Mill.
  • The Hells Angels Motorcycle Club was founded in Fontana, in 1948. The founding charter is known as the Berdoo Charter, in reference to the slang name for San Bernardino.[48]

Literature

Notable people

See also

References
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