Girardot, Cundinamarca

Girardot is a municipality and town of Colombia in the department of Cundinamarca. It is the second most important city of Cundinamarca according to its production. It is home to a number of recreational and vacational spots, mainly visited by people from Bogotá, as it is located at two hours drive from the city but enjoys a tropical climate (compared to the cold and rainy climate of Bogotá).

Girardot, Cundinamarca
town
Flag
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Localization in Cundinamarca, in Colombia
Location in Colombia
Coordinates: 4°18′18″N 74°48′06″W
Country Colombia
Departament Cundinamarca
ProvinceUpper Magdalena Province
Named for("Girardot")
Government
 • TypeMayor–council
 • MayorJose Alejandro Arbeláez Cruz (L)
 • CouncilGirardot City Council
Area
 • town130.32 km2 (50.32 sq mi)
 • Urban22.6019 km2 (8.7266 sq mi)
 • Rural107.7181 km2 (41.5902 sq mi)
 • Metro1,320.99 km2 (510.04 sq mi)
Elevation326 m (1,070 ft)
Lowest elevation
289 m (948 ft)
Population
 (2005 Census)[1][5]
 • town97,834
 • Estimate 
(2019)
107,324
 • Rank6th Cundinamarca
59th Colombia
 • Density750/km2 (1,900/sq mi)
 • Urban
98,904
 • Urban density4,400/km2 (11,000/sq mi)
 • Rural
3,588
 • Rural density33/km2 (86/sq mi)
Demonym(s)Girardoteño
Time zoneUTC-5 (COT)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-5 (COT)
Postal code
252430-252439
Area code(s)57 + 1
WebsiteOfficial website

History

In Pre Colombian times the municipality of Girardot was inhabited by a tribe of Indians called the “Panches” whose origins are unknown. The municipality began with the hamlet of “La Chivatera” (the goat farm) because it was very common in the area to raise goats. The hamlet was located in the jurisdiction of the municipality of Tocaima, of which documents exist dated 1840 calling it “paso de Flandes” (step of Flanders). Through the aforementioned hamlet runs the Magdalena river moving southwest towards the center of the country.

Due to its strategic position the area experienced steady growth, and thanks to the donation of land by Ramón Bueno and José Triana, the municipality was officially founded with the name of Girardot, in honor of General Atanasio Girardot. This was documented in the ordinance 20 on October 9, 1852 that says “… create a parish district with the name of Girardot…”. The first mayor of the district was named Claudio Clavijo. The parish was created in 1866 (reviewed by the Cudinamarca Gazette No 407 of July 7, 1891), and was the first parish of priest José Marcelino Pardo.[6]

The city began to develop in a grid pattern centered on San Miguel square, where a cathedral of the same name is located; whose architecture resembles that of the region.

The first hotel in the city was built in 1884 to accommodate the constant flow of travelers and merchants and was named the Cisneros Hotel.[7] Two years after the hotel was finished the population of the port was recorded as 2,163. As a result of the Thousand Days' War a large number of liberal refugees from the south and east of Tolima settled on land in the area.[8]

Geography

The municipality lies on a plain, framed by the foothills of the Cordillera Oriental, without notable topographic features, with some areas of difficult access in the mountainous area on the border with Nariño called Alonso Vera cordillera.[1]

Hydrography

Girardot has drainage basins and watersheds. The upper basin of the Magdalena River becomes the water resources of greater magnitude in a vast area of the country and the Bogotá River downstream. The basins located in the municipality are called El Cobre, Chicalá, Miraflores, El Gallo and ditches that collect rainwater from the top of the city, have shallow valleys and extension, unlike the micro basins Coyal, Zanja Honda, Quebrada Portachuelo and Yegüera that are deep and greater extent.[1]

Climate

The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for Giradot's climate is "Aw" (Tropical Wet and Dry Climate), with generally hot conditions throughout the course of the year.[9] Average temperature is 28 °C, with maximum of 38 °C and minimum of 23 °C. It has a bimodal pluviometric regimen with an average precipitation of 1167 mm per year.[1]

The dry periods are on the months of January and February; June, July and August; and September and December. Rainy months are in the months of March, April and May, and October and November.

The warmest month, on average, is August with an average temperature of 30 °C (86.0 °F). The coolest month on average is May, with an average temperature of 27.2 °C (81.0 °F).[9]

Climate data for Girardot
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 33
(91)		 33
(91)		 33
(91)		 33
(91)		 31
(88)		 32
(90)		 34
(93)		 35
(95)		 35
(95)		 32
(90)		 32
(90)		 32
(90)		 33
(91)
Daily mean °C (°F) 28.8
(83.8)		 28.9
(84.0)		 28.3
(82.9)		 27.2
(81.0)		 27.1
(80.8)		 27.4
(81.3)		 28.4
(83.1)		 29.5
(85.1)		 28.8
(83.8)		 27.6
(81.7)		 27.0
(80.6)		 27.6
(81.7)		 28.0
(82.4)
Average low °C (°F) 23
(73)		 23
(73)		 23
(73)		 23
(73)		 23
(73)		 23
(73)		 23
(73)		 24
(75)		 24
(75)		 23
(73)		 22
(72)		 23
(73)		 23
(73)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 40
(1.6)		 50
(2.0)		 130
(5.1)		 130
(5.1)		 150
(5.9)		 60
(2.4)		 30
(1.2)		 40
(1.6)		 60
(2.4)		 130
(5.1)		 270
(10.6)		 50
(2.0)		 1,140
(45)
Average rainy days (≥ 1 mm) 3 3 7 7 8 4 2 3 4 7 12 3 63
Average relative humidity (%) 62 63 64 71 70 64 58 54 58 65 70 66 64
Mean monthly sunshine hours 197.6 172.9 152.4 150.9 170.6 187.4 209.0 211.1 180.7 188.0 178.3 191.6 2,190.5
Source 1: Weatherbase
Source 2: Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales[10][11][12]

Location

Economy

Girardot is an important city in the department of Cundinamarca, due to its decentralized and autonomous economy, and because of its reputation as an excellent tourist destination. The main economy of Girardot is based on tourism and it boasts many waterparks, resorts, hotels and clubs, such as Peñalisa, El Peñon, El Bachué, and the Hotel Tocarema. Girardot is also famous regionally for the quality of its bread. Because it is only a short drive from Bogotá (about 2 hours), it is a popular weekend hangout.

Born in Girardot

References
  1. Girardot (August 2011). "IUP" (PDF). Retrieved 23 July 2015. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  2. Girardot Council (9 June 2002). POT 029 2000 (PDF) (I ed.). Girardot: Girardot Council. Retrieved 23 July 2015.
  3. Girardot Council (9 December 2011). OTP 24 2011. Girardot: Girardot Council. p. 39. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
  4. Congress of the Republic of Colombia (23 October 2013). Project Sol Metropolitan Area Summary. Bogotá: Congress of Colombia. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
  5. Adjusted Population municipality at 30 June 2005 Archived October 13, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, on Censo 2005 Archived June 16, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Sistema de Consulta de Información Censal. Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística. Colombia. Consultado el 21 de julio de 2009.
  6. María, Jesús (1938). History of Colombia. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina. p. 1.
  7. "Lo que no sabías de Girardot". Extra Girardot: El Diario de Todos. 9 April 2013.
  8. Azcarate, Camilo. "Psychosocial Dynamics of the Armed Conflict in Colombia". Journal of Peace and Conflict Resolution.
  9. Climate Summary for Girardot, Colombia
  10. "Promedios Climatológicos 1981–2010" (in Spanish). Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales. Archived from the original on 15 August 2016. Retrieved 14 August 2016.
  11. "Promedios Climatológicos 1971–2000" (in Spanish). Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales. Archived from the original on 15 August 2016. Retrieved 14 August 2016.
  12. "Tiempo y Clima" (in Spanish). Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales. Archived from the original on 15 August 2016. Retrieved 14 August 2016.

Notes
  1. POT (2011):The urban territory comprends: urban (2114.16hs) and expansion territory(146,16hs).
  2. POT (2011): The rural territory comprends: suburban (636.31hs), rural (5053.07hs) and protection (5082.43hs)
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