Jeremiah 46

Jeremiah 46 is the forty-sixth chapter of the Book of Jeremiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains prophecies attributed to the prophet Jeremiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. This chapter is part of a series of "oracles against foreign nations", consisting of chapters 46 to 51.[1] In particular, chapters 46-49 focus on Judah's neighbors.[2] This chapter contains the poetic oracles against Egypt.[2][3]

For Jeremiah 46 in the Septuagint, see Jeremiah 39.
Jeremiah 46
A high resolution scan of the Aleppo Codex showing the Book of Jeremiah (the sixth book in Nevi'im).
BookBook of Jeremiah
Hebrew Bible partNevi'im
Order in the Hebrew part6
CategoryLatter Prophets
Christian Bible partOld Testament
Order in the Christian part24

Text

The original text was written in Hebrew. This chapter is divided into 28 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (10th century), Codex Leningradensis (1008).[4] Some fragments containing parts of this chapter were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls, i.e., 2QJer (2Q13; 1st century CE[5]), with extant verses 27‑28.[6][7]

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint (with a different chapter and verse numbering), made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: S; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; Q; 6th century).[8]

Parashot

The parashah sections listed here are based on the Aleppo Codex.[9] Jeremiah 46 is a part of the prophecies in Jeremiah 46-49 in the section of Prophecies against the nations (Jeremiah 46-51). {P}: open parashah; {S}: closed parashah.

{P} 46:1-12 {P} 46:13-19 {S} 46:20-26 {P} 46:27-28 {P}

Verse numbering

The order of chapters and verses of the Book of Jeremiah in the English Bibles, Masoretic Text (Hebrew), and Vulgate (Latin), in some places differs from that in the Septuagint (LXX, the Greek Bible used in the Eastern Orthodox Church and others) according to Rahlfs or Brenton. The following table is taken with minor adjustments from Brenton's Septuagint, page 971.[10]

The order of Computer Assisted Tools for Septuagint/Scriptural Study (CATSS) based on Alfred Rahlfs' Septuaginta (1935) differs in some details from Joseph Ziegler's critical edition (1957) in Göttingen LXX. Swete's Introduction mostly agrees with Rahlfs' edition (=CATSS).[10]

Hebrew, Vulgate, EnglishRahlfs' LXX (CATSS)Brenton's LXX
46:1,26 n/a
46:2-25,27-28 26:2-25,27-28
39:1-3,14-18 46:1-3,14-18 46:1-4,15-18
39:4-13 none

Verse 1
The word of the Lord which came to Jeremiah the prophet against the nations.[11]

This statement serves as an introduction to the oracles, as Jeremiah 1:2, 14:1 and 25:1 act as introductions to other sections.[3]

Verse 2
Against Egypt.
Concerning the army of Pharaoh Necho, king of Egypt, which was by the River Euphrates in Carchemish, and which Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon defeated in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah:[12]

In May/June 605 BCE the army of Nebuchadnezzar, at the time the Crown Prince of Babylon, defeated the troops of Pharaoh Necho II at Carchemish, on the northern Euphrates 95 km (59 mi) west of Haran (Genesis 11:31), and pursued the troop to the border of Egypt.[3]

Verse 3
"Order the buckler and shield,
And draw near to battle![13]

For "order", some commentators read "prepare" or, more literally, "set in line".[14] O'Connor suggests that "it is not clear which army is being addressed, the Egyptian for the defence or the Babylonian for the attack".[2] "Harness the horses" (verse 4, coupled with verse 9) suggests the appeal is addressed to the Egyptian armies, whereas the nineteenth century commentator Edward Plumptre argues that this verse is "a summons to the hosts of Nebuchadnezzar to prepare for their victory".[15]

See also

References
  1. Coogan 2007, p. 1148 Hebrew Bible.
  2. O'Connor 2007, p. 522.
  3. Coogan 2007, p. 1149 Hebrew Bible.
  4. Würthwein 1995, pp. 35-37.
  5. Sweeney, Marvin A. (2010). Form and Intertextuality in Prophetic and Apocalyptic Literature. Forschungen zum Alten Testament. 45 (reprint ed.). Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 66. ISBN 9781608994182. ISSN 0940-4155.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  6. Fitzmyer, Joseph A. (2008). A Guide to the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Literature. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 26. ISBN 9780802862419. Retrieved February 15, 2019.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  7. Ulrich, Eugene, ed. (2010). The Biblical Qumran Scrolls: Transcriptions and Textual Variants. Brill. pp. 581. ISBN 9789004181830. Retrieved May 15, 2017.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  8. Würthwein 1995, pp. 73-74.
  9. As reflected in the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 edition of the Hebrew Bible in English.
  10. "Table of Order of Jeremiah in Hebrew and Septuagint". www.ccel.org.
  11. Jeremiah 46:1 NKJV
  12. Jeremiah 46:2 NKJV
  13. Jeremiah 46:2
  14. Streane, A. W., Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges on Jeremiah 46, accessed 10 April 2019
  15. Plumptre, E., Jeremiah 46 in Ellicott's Commentary for Modern Readers, accessed 10 April 2019

Bibliography

Jewish

Christian
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