Kharkiv Oblast

Kharkiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Харківська область, translit. Charkivśka oblast; also referred to as Kharkiv OblastUkrainian: Харківщина, Charkivščyna, Russian: Харьковская область) is an oblast (province) in eastern Ukraine. The oblast borders Russia to the north, Luhansk Oblast to the east, Donetsk Oblast to the south-east, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to the south-west, Poltava Oblast to the west and Sumy Oblast to the north-west. The area of the oblast is 31,400 km², corresponding to 5.2% of the total territory of Ukraine. Population: 2,658,461(2020 est.)[5]

Kharkiv Oblast

Харківська область
Kharkivs’ka oblast’
Kharkivska oblast[1]
Nickname(s): 
Харківщина (Kharkivshchyna)
Coordinates: 49.59°N 36.43°E / 49.59; 36.43
Country Ukraine
Administrative centerKharkiv
Government
  GovernorAina Tymchuk[2]
  Oblast council120 seats
  ChairpersonSerhij Chernov[3] (Opposition Bloc[3])
Area
  Total31,415 km2 (12,129 sq mi)
Area rankRanked 4th
Population
 (2020)
  Total 2,658,461
  RankRanked 3rd
Demographics
  Official language(s)Ukrainian
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
  Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal code
?
Area code+380-57
ISO 3166 codeUA-63
Vehicle registrationAX
Raions7[4]
Cities (total)17
 Regional cities7
Urban-type settlements61
Villages1683
FIPS 10-4UP07
Websitewww.kharkivoda.gov.ua

The oblast is the third most populous province of Ukraine, with a population of 2,857,751 in 2004, more than half (1.5 million) of whom live in the city of Kharkiv, the oblast's administrative center. While the Russian language is primarily spoken in the cities of Kharkiv oblast, elsewhere in the oblast most inhabitants speak Ukrainian.

Geography

The oblast borders Russia to the north, Luhansk Oblast to the east, Donetsk Oblast to the south-east, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to the south-west, Poltava Oblast to the west and Sumy Oblast to the north-west.

History

During the Soviet administrative reform of 1923–1929, in 1925, the Kharkov Governorate was abolished leaving its five okruhas: Okhtyrka (originally Bohodukhiv), Izyum, Kupyansk, Sumy, and Kharkiv. Introduced in the Soviet Union in 1923, a similar subdivisions existed in Ukraine back in 1918. In 1930 all okruhas were also abolished with raions becoming the first level of subdivision of Ukraine until 1932.

The modern Kharkiv Oblast was established on 27 February 1932. In summer of 1932, some parts of the oblast were included in the newly created Donetsk Oblast originally centered in Artemivsk (later in Stalino). Then in the fall, some territories of the Kharkiv Oblast were used in creation of Chernihiv Oblast. More territories became part of Poltava Oblast in fall of 1937 and Sumy Oblast in winter of 1939.

During the Holodomor the population of the Kharkiv Oblast together with Kyiv Oblast suffered the most. The region saw major fighting during World War II in several Battles of Kharkov between 1941 and 1943.

During the 1991 referendum, 86.33% of votes in Kharkiv Oblast were in favor of the Declaration of Independence of Ukraine. A survey conducted in December 2014 by the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology found 4.2% of the oblast's population supported their region joining Russia, 71.5% did not support the idea, and the rest were undecided or did not respond.[6]

Points of interest

The following sites were nominated for the Seven Wonders of Ukraine.

  • Derzhprom Building
  • Pokrov monastery (Kharkiv)
  • Skovoroda museum

Demographics

Its population in 2001 was 2,895,800 million (1,328,900 males (45.9%) and 1,566,900 females (54.1%)).

At the 2001 census, the ethnic groups within the Kharkiv Oblast were:

the groups by native language:

Age structure

0-14 years: 12.6% (male 177,464/female 167,321)
15-64 years: 72.2% (male 945,695/female 1,024,841)
65 years and over: 15.2% (male 135,737/female 277,725) (2013 official)

Median age

total: 40.5 years
male: 36.9 years
female: 44.1 years (2013 official)

Economy

The Kharkiv oblast has a primarily industrially based economy, including engineering, metallurgy, manufacturing, production of chemicals and food processing. It also has an important agricultural sector with 19,000 square kilometres of arable land (comprising 5.9% of the total arable lands of Ukraine). Agricultural production grew substantially in 2015.[7]

Also in Kharkiv is the Airplane plant for space controlling systems. It is a major center for all branches of engineering, from large-scale manufacture to microelectronics. Also situated in Kharkiv Oblast is a gas field, which is one of the biggest in Ukraine.

Administrative divisions

The Kharkiv Oblast is administratively subdivided into 7[4] raions (districts) (prior to 2020 decentralization reform this number was 25[4]), as well as 7 cities (municipalities) which are directly subordinate to the oblast government: Chuhuiv, Izium, Kupiansk, Liubotyn, Lozova, Pervomaiskyi, and the administrative center of the oblast, Kharkiv.

Detailed map of Kharkiv Oblast.
NameUkrainian nameArea
(km2)
Population
census 2015[8]
Admin.centerUrban Population Only
KharkivХарків (місто)3501,449,674Kharkiv (city)1,449,674
ChuhuivЧугуїв (місто)1333,243Chuhuiv (city)32,401
IziumІзюм (місто)4449,822Izium (city)49,822
KupianskКу́п'янськ (місто)3356,704Kupiansk (city)56,704
LiubotynЛюботин (місто)3124,442Liubotyn (city)21,619
LozovaЛозова́ (місто)1865,950Lozova (city)64,269
PervomaiskyiПервомайський (місто)1530,616Pervomaiskyi (city)30,616
Balakliys'kyi raionБалаклійський район1,98682,003Balakliia51,886
Barvinkivs'kyi raionБарвінківський район1,36421,919Barvinkove9,057
Blyzniukivs'kyi raionБлизнюківський район1,38019,144Blyzniuky3,790
Bohodukhivs'kyi raionБогодухівський район1,16039,182Bohodukhiv18,998
Borivs'kyi raionБорівський район87516,938Borova5,624
Chuhuivs'kyi raionЧугуївський район1,14846,579Chuhuiv (city)N/A *
Derhachivs'kyi raionДергачівський район90095,122Derhachi67,908
Dvorichans'kyi raionДворічанський район1,11217,775Dvorichna3,669
Iziums'kyi raionІзюмський район1,55317,382Izium (city)N/A *
Kehychivs'kyi raionКегичівський район78221,058Kehychivka8,799
Kharkivs'kyi raionХарківський район1,403182,239KharkivN/A *
Kolomats'kyi raionКоломацький район3307,099Kolomak2,919
Krasnohrads'kyi raionКрасноградський район98544,742Krasnohrad21,008
Krasnokuts'kyi raionКраснокутський район1,04028,260Krasnokutsk8,895
Kupyans'kyi raionКуп'янський район1,28024,769Kupiansk (city)N/A *
Lozivs'kyi raionЛозівський район1,40329,139Lozova (city)N/A *
Novovodolaz'kyi raionНововодолазький район1,18233,175Nova Vodolaha11,850
Pecheniz'kyi raionПеченізький район46710,113Pechenihy5,340
Pervomais'kyi raionПервомайський район1,22516,027Pervomaiskyi (city)N/A *
Sakhnovshchyns'kyi raionСахновщинський район1,17021,377Sakhnovshchyna7,333
Shevchenkivs'kyi raionШевченківський район97720,480Shevchenkove6,957
Valkivs'kyi raionВалківський район1,01131,897Valky14,174
Velykoburluts'kyi raionВеликобурлуцький район1,22122,541Velykyi Burluk6,049
Vovchans'kyi raionВовчанський район1,88847,172Vovchansk28,143
Zachepylivs'kyi raionЗачепилівський район79415,329Zachepylivka3,642
Zmiyivs'kyi raionЗміївський район1,36571,887Zmiiv33,366
Zolochivs'kyi raionЗолочівський район96926,543Zolochiv8,916

Note: Asterisks (*) Though the administrative center of the rayon is housed in the city/town that it is named after, cities do not answer to the rayon authorities only towns do; instead they are directly subordinated to the oblast government and therefore are not counted as part of rayon statistics.

Nomenclature

Most of Ukraine's oblasts are named after their capital cities, officially called "oblast centers" (Ukrainian: обласний центр, translit. oblasnyi tsentr). The name of each oblast is a relative adjective, formed by adding a feminine suffix to the name of respective center city: Kharkiv is the center of the Kharkivs’ka oblast’ (Kharkiv Oblast). Most oblasts are also sometimes referred to in a feminine noun form, following the convention of traditional regional place names, ending with the suffix "-shchyna", as is the case with the Kharkiv Oblast, Kharkivshchyna.

Sport

It has a regional federation within Ukrainian Bandy and Rink bandy Federation.

References

  1. Syvak, Nina; Ponomarenko, Valerii; Khodzinska, Olha; Lakeichuk, Iryna (2011). Veklych, Lesia (ed.). "Toponymic Guidelines for Map and Other Editors for International Use" (PDF). United Nations Statistics Division. scientific consultant Iryna Rudenko; reviewed by Nataliia Kizilowa; translated by Olha Khodzinska. Kyiv: DerzhHeoKadastr and Kartographia. p. 20. ISBN 978-966-475-839-7. Retrieved 2020-10-06.
  2. (in Ukrainian) Zelensky appointed leaders of Kharkiv and Odesa regions, Ukrayinska Pravda (27 November 2020)
  3. (in Ukrainian) As Zelensky in Kharkiv at the factory froze and represented the governor, Ukrayinska Pravda (6 November 2019)
  4. (in Ukrainian) Local elections. Kharkiv region: new block and "big change of shoes", The Ukrainian Week (7 September 2020)
  5. "Чисельність наявного населення України (Actual population of Ukraine)" (PDF) (in Ukrainian). State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
  6. Лише 3% українців хочуть приєднання їх області до Росії [Only 3% of Ukrainians want their region to become part of Russia]. Dzerkalo Tyzhnia (in Ukrainian). 3 January 2015.
  7. (in Russian) Agriculture in 2015: results SQ News (13 February 2016)
  8. "Population Quantity". UkrStat (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 7 January 2016.
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