Menteri Besar of Johor

The Menteri Besar of Johor is the head of government in the Malaysian state of Johor. According to convention, the Menteri Besar is the leader of the majority party or largest coalition party of the Johor State Legislative Assembly.

Menteri Besar of Johor
Incumbent
Hasni Mohammad

since 28 February 2020
Government of Johor
StyleYang Amat Berhormat (The Most Honourable)
Member ofJohor State Executive Council
Reports toJohor State Legislative Assembly
ResidenceSaujana, Johor Bahru, Johor
SeatBangunan Dato' Jaafar Muhammad, Kota Iskandar, 79000 Iskandar Puteri, Johor
AppointerIbrahim Ismail
as Sultan of Johor
Term length5 years or lesser, renewable once (while commanding the confidence of the Johor State Legislative Assembly
With State Elections held no more than five years apart)
Inaugural holderJaafar Mohamed
Formation1886 (1886)
DeputyVacant
Websitewww.johor.gov.my/kerajaan/page/menteri_besar_johor

The 18th and current Menteri Besar of Johor is Dato' Ir. Hasni Mohammad, who took office on 28 February 2020.

Appointment

According to the state constitution, the Sultan of Johor shall first appoint the Menteri Besar to preside over the Executive Council and requires such Menteri Besar to be a member of the Legislative Assembly who in His Majesty's judgment is likely to command the confidence of the majority of the members of the Assembly, must be an ethnic Malay who professes the religion of Islam and must not a Malaysian citizen by naturalisation or by registration. The Sultan on the Menteri Besar's advice shall appoint not more than ten nor less than four members from among the members of the Legislative Assembly.

The member of the Executive Council must take and subscribe in the presence of the Sultan the oath of office and allegiance as well as the oath of secrecy before they can exercise the functions of office. The Executive Council shall be collectively responsible to the Legislative Assembly. The members of the Executive Council shall not hold any office of profit and engage in any trade, business or profession that will cause conflict of interest.

If a government cannot get its appropriation (budget) legislation passed by the Legislative Assembly, or the Legislative Assembly passes a vote of "no confidence" in the government, the Menteri Besar is bound by convention to resign immediately. The Sultan's choice of replacement Menteri Besar will be dictated by the circumstances. A member of the Executive Council other than the Menteri Besar shall hold office during the pleasure of the Sultan, unless the appointment of any member of the Executive Council shall have been revoked by the Sultan on the advice of the Menteri Besar but may at any time resign his office.

Following a resignation in other circumstances, defeated in an election or the death of the Menteri Besar, the Sultan will generally appoint as Menteri Besar the person voted by the governing party as their new leader.

Powers

The power of the Menteri Besar is subject to a number of limitations. Menteri Besar removed as leader of his or her party, or whose government loses a vote of no confidence in the Legislative Assembly, must advise a state election or resign the office or be dismissed by the Sultan. The defeat of a supply bill (one that concerns the spending of money) or unable to pass important policy-related legislation is seen to require the resignation of the government or dissolution of Legislative Assembly, much like a non-confidence vote, since a government that cannot spend money is hamstrung, also called loss of supply.

The Menteri Besar's party will normally have a majority in the Legislative Assembly and party discipline is exceptionally strong in Johor politics, so passage of the government's legislation through the Legislative Assembly is mostly a formality.

Caretaker Menteri Besar

The legislative assembly unless sooner dissolved by the Sultan with His Majesty's own discretion on the advice of the Menteri Besar shall continue for five years from the date of its first meeting. The state constitution permits a delay of 60 days of general election to be held from the date of dissolution and the legislative assembly shall be summoned to meet on a date not later than 120 days from the date of dissolution. Conventionally, between the dissolution of one legislative assembly and the convening of the next, the Menteri Besar and the executive council remain in office in a caretaker capacity.

List of Menteris Besar of Johor

The following is the list of Menteris Besar of Johor since 1886:[1][2]

Colour key (for political parties):
  Independent   UMNO   Alliance Party   Barisan Nasional   Pakatan Harapan

# Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Constituency
Political party[lower-alpha 1] Term of office Electoral
mandates
(Assembly)
1 Jaafar Muhammad
(1838–1919)
No party 1886 1919
Vacant 1919 16 July 1920
2 Mohamed Mahbob
(1852–1926)
No party 16 July 1920 1922
Vacant 1922 September 1923
3 Abdullah Jaafar
(1875–1934)
No party September 1923 16 September 1928
4 Mustapha Jaafar
(1862–1946)
No party 16 September 1928 23 November 1931
5 Abdul Hamid Yusof
(1876–1934)
No party 23 November 1931 28 December 1934
Vacant 28 December 1934 April 1935
6 Ungku Abdul Aziz Abdul Majid
(1887–1951)
No party April 1935 1 June 1947
7 Onn Jaafar
(1895–1962)
UMNO 1 June 1947 18 May 1950
Vacant 18 May 1950 18 February 1952
8 Syed Abdul Kadir Mohamed
(1900–1960)
UMNO 18 February 1952 5 June 1955
Alliance (UMNO)
Vacant 5 June 1955 1 October 1955
9 Wan Idris Ibrahim
(1888–1973)
Alliance (UMNO) 1 October 1955 16 June 1959
Vacant 16 June 1959 27 June 1959
10 Hassan Yunus
(1907–1968)
MLC for Muar Inland, 1954–1959
MLA for Bukit Serampang, 1959–1968
Alliance (UMNO) 27 June 1959 31 January 1967

1959 (1st)
1964 (2nd)

11 Othman Saat
(1927–2007)
MLA for Jorak, 1959–1974
MLA for Kesang, 1974–1982
Alliance (UMNO) 4 February 1967 4 April 1982

– (2nd)
1969 (3rd)
1974 (4th)
1978 (5th)

BN (UMNO)
12 Abdul Ajib Ahmad
(1947–2011)
MLA for Endau, 1982–1986
BN (UMNO) 29 April 1982 12 August 1986

1982 (6th)

13 Muhyiddin Yassin
(b. 1947)
MLA for Bukit Serampang, 1986–1995
BN (UMNO) 12 August 1986 3 May 1995

1986 (7th)
1990 (8th)

14 Abdul Ghani Othman
(b. 1946)
MLA for Serom, 1995–2013
BN (UMNO) 3 May 1995 14 May 2013

1995 (9th)
1999 (10th)
2004 (11th)
2008 (12th)

15 Mohamed Khaled Nordin
(b. 1958)
MLA for Permas, 2013-2018
BN (UMNO) 14 May 2013 12 May 2018

2013 (13th)

16 Osman Sapian
(b. 1951)
MLA for Kempas, 1999–2013, since 2018
PH (PPBM) 12 May 2018 8 April 2019

2018 (14th)

Vacant 9 April 2019 13 April 2019
17 Sahruddin Jamal
(b. 1975)
MLA for Bukit Kepong, since 2018
PH (PPBM) 14 April 2019 28 February 2020

– (14th)

18 Hasni Mohammad
(b. 1959)
MLA for Benut, since 2008
BN (UMNO) 28 February 2020 Incumbent

– (14th)

  1. This column names only the Menteri Besar's party. The state government he heads may be a complex coalition of several parties and independents; those are not listed here.

Living former Menteris Besar

NameTerm of officeDate of birth
Muhyiddin Yassin1986–199515 May 1947 (age 73)
Abdul Ghani Othman1995–201314 November 1946 (age 74)
Mohamed Khaled Nordin2013–201830 November 1958 (age 62)
Osman Sapian2018–201924 December 1951 (age 69)
Sahruddin Jamal2019–202026 May 1975 (age 45)

References

  1. "Bibliografi Menteri Besar Johor" (in Malay). Johor State Government. Archived from the original on 4 August 2014. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
  2. "Johore". WorldStatesmen.org. Retrieved 15 April 2011.
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