National Treasure (Vietnam)

A National Treasure (Vietnamese: Bảo vật quốc gia) or a national precious object[1] is a tangible cultural heritage or object handed down from the past with historical, cultural or scientific value of exceptional significance to the country of Vietnam.[2] National treasures are deemed to be protected and preserved according to a special scheme by the Vietnamese Government. The government also earmark an adequate proportion of the State budget to purchase national treasure as well as investment in activities of protecting and promoting the values of these objects. The title national treasure is recognised by a decision from the Vietnamese Prime Minister after obtaining evaluation opinions of the National Council for Cultural Heritages.[3]

Hoang Ha bronze drum of Đông Sơn Culture (national treasure no. 2 - set 1)

History
The golden seal Sắc mệnh chi bảo (敕命之寶) of Nguyen Emperors (national treasure no. 23 - set 4)
The T-54B tank no. 843 (national treasure no. 28 - set 1) that ended Vietnam War by bursting through the gate of the Independence Palace on 30 April 1975

The term national treasure was first mentioned in various articles of the first Law on Cultural Heritage passed by the National Assembly of Vietnam on 29 June 2001.[2] However, there was not a clear definition or a set of criteria for determining a national treasure. In 2009, the Amendment of Law on Cultural Heritage Act presented a separate article specifically for the subject "national treasure". According to the Law, a national treasure of Vietnam have to meet all these requirements:[3]

  • "Being the unique original object;
  • "Being an object with a special form;
  • "Being an object of special value related to a great national event or to the career of a national hero or typical personality; or being a famous artistic work of ideological, humane or aesthetic value typical of a trend, style or era; or being a typical invented or created product of high practical value with the effect of promoting social development in a certain historical period; or being a natural specimen evidencing different formation and development periods of the earth's history and nature's history."
— National Assembly of Vietnam, Law amending and supplementing a number of articles of the law on cultural heritages (2009), Article 41a

The Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism specified the order of and procedures for recognising a national treasure, then the decision of granting the title national treasure comes from the Prime Minister of Vietnam with the consultation of National Council for Cultural Heritages.[3] The first set of national treasure is officially designated in October 2012.[4] Up until 2020, eight sets of national treasures (191 artifacts) had been designated in a series of decrees signed by the Deputy Prime Minister of Vietnam on behalf of Prime Minister. The different combination of treasures into sets only depends on the chronological order of nominations submitted by owners of the treasures, not related to the category or value of the treasures themselves.[5][6] The quantities and designation dates of Vietnamese national treasures are:

Regulations
Bronze drum found in boat grave of Viet Khe (national treasure no. 3 - set 2). The complete burial ensemble is one of few national treasures has been exhibited abroad for the first time, in Germany[16]

There are strict regulations related to obligation of the Vietnamese State and owners of national treasure regarding ownership, protection and exhibition abroad. National treasures shall be registered with competent state agencies in charge of culture. Government agencies which have information on registered national treasures must kept confidential at owner's request, provide with professional guidance on, and create conditions for protecting and promoting the values of treasures. When transferring the ownership of national treasures, their owners shall notify competent government agencies of new owners of these objects within 15 days after the transfer.[3]

In 2016, under Decision No. 23/2016/QD-TTg, issued by the Prime Minister of Vietnam, items formally designated as national treasures can only be transported abroad under one of these circumstances:

  • "To serve state-level diplomatic activities of the Party General Secretary, the President, the Prime Minister and the National Assembly Chairperson.
  • "To promote the history, culture, land and people of Vietnam under special international cooperation programs.
  • "To implement international cooperation plans on research and preservation of national treasures."[17]

Transport of the treasures abroad for display, exhibition, research or preservation must adhere to article 44 of the Law on Cultural Heritage, which requires the following conditions:

  • "Getting insured by recipients of vestiges, antiques and national precious object
  • "Obtaining the Prime Minister’s decisions permitting the bringing of national treasure abroad; or the Culture Minister’s decisions permitting the bringing of vestiges and antiques abroad."[17][18]

List

Set 1

The first set of 30 national treasure was designated on 1 October 2012 by Decision No. 1426/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Nguyen Thien Nhan.[19]

No. Name Date/Period/Culture Owner Location Photo
1 Ngoc Lu bronze drum Dong Son culture National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
2 Hoang Ha bronze drum Dong Son culture National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
3 Dao Thinh bronze jar Dong Son culture National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
4 The bronze statue of a piggybacking and panpipe-playing couple Dong Son culture National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
5 The bronze lamp shaped as a kneeling man Dong Son culture National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
6 Canh Thinh bronze drum Tay Son dynasty National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
7 Official bronze seal Môn hạ sảnh ấn Tran dynasty National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
8 Pottery jar with swan patterns Le dynasty National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
9 Revolutionary Road (book) Work of Ho Chi Minh National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
10 Prison Diary (book) Work of Ho Chi Minh National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
11 A draft of the Call on the whole nation to carry out the resistance war Handwritten draft of Ho Chi Minh National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
12 A draft of the Call on fellow citizens and soldier of whole nation Handwritten draft of Ho Chi Minh
on 17 July 1966		 Ho Chi Minh Museum Hanoi
13 President Ho Chi Minh's Testament Original handwritten version
10 May 1965 - 19 May 1969		 Archive Department of Central Committee Party Office Hanoi
14 Dong Duong Buddhist statue Champa culture Museum of Vietnamese History Ho Chi Minh City
15 Devi Goddess statue (cinnamon) Champa culture Museum of Vietnamese History Ho Chi Minh City
16 God Vishnu statue Oc Eo culture Museum of Vietnamese History Ho Chi Minh City
17 Loi My Buddha Statue Oc Eo culture
4th-6th century		 Museum of Vietnamese History Ho Chi Minh City
18 God Surya statue Oc Eo culture Museum of Vietnamese History Ho Chi Minh City
19 Tara Bodhisattva statue Champa culture
late 9th to early 10th century		 Museum of Cham Sculpture Da Nang
20 My Son E1 altar Champa culture
7th century		 Museum of Cham Sculpture Da Nang
21 Tra Kieu altar Champa culture
7th-8th century		 Museum of Cham Sculpture Da Nang
22 Amitabha Buddha Statue Ly dynasty Phat Tich Temple Tiên Du District, Bac Ninh Province
23 Statue of Quan Âm with thousand eyes and hands c. 1656
Revival Lê dynasty		 But Thap Temple Thuận Thành District, Bac Ninh Province
24 The set of nine holy bronze cannons 1803-1804
Nguyen dynasty		 Huế Monuments Conservation Centre Imperial City of Huế, Huế
25 The Nine Tripod Cauldrons Nguyen dynasty Huế Monuments Conservation Centre Imperial City of Huế, Huế
26 The 37mm anti-aircraft gun Battle of Dien Bien Phu 1954 Air Defence and Air Force Museum Hanoi
27 The MiG 21 F96 aircraft no. 5121 Operation Linebacker II 1972 Air Defence and Air Force Museum Hanoi
28 Ho Chi Minh Campaign notebook Ho Chi Minh Campaign 1975 Museum of Military Zone 7 Ho Chi Minh City
29 The T-54 tank no. 843 Liberation of Saigon
30 April 1975		 Vietnam Military History Museum Hanoi
30 The T-59 tank no. 390 Liberation of Saigon
30 April 1975		 Museum of Tank Armour Force Hanoi

Set 2

The second set of 37 national treasures was designated on 30 December 2013 by Decision No. 1426/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vũ Đức Đam.[20]

No. Name Date/Period/Culture Owner Location Photo
1 Hung Temple bronze drum Dong Son culture Hùng Temple Viet Tri, Phu Tho Province
2 Cam Giang I bronze drum Dong Son culture Thanh Hoa Provincial Museum Thanh Hóa
3 Viet Khe boat grave Dong Son culture National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
4 Hop Minh bronze jar Dong Son culture Yen Bai Provincial Museum Yên Bái
5 The copper belt buckle Dong Son culture Hùng Temple Viet Tri, Phu Tho Province
6 Nui Nua Short sword Dong Son culture Thanh Hoa Provincial Museum Thanh Hóa
7 Xa Loi Thap Minh stele 601
Sui Dynasty		 Bac Ninh Provincial Museum Bắc Ninh
8 Bao Ninh Sung Phuc temple stele Ly dynasty Bao Ninh Sung Phuc Buddhist temple Chiêm Hóa District, Tuyen Quang Province
9 Sùng Thiện Diên Linh stele
大 越 國 李 家 第 四 帝 崇 善 延 齡 塔 碑		 Ly dynasty Long Doi Son Buddhist temple Duy Tiên District, Tuyen Quang Province
10 Sung Khanh temple stele Tran dynasty Sung Khanh Buddhist temple Vị Xuyên District, Ha Giang Province
11 Vinh Lang stele Le dynasty Lam Kinh historic site Thọ Xuân District, Thanh Hoa Province
12 The bell of Binh Lam Temple Tran dynasty Binh Lam Buddhist temple Vị Xuyên District, Ha Giang Province
13 The bell of Van Ban Temple Tran dynasty National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
14 The grand bell of Thien Mu Temple Nguyễn lords era Thien Mu Buddhist temple Huế
15 Stone Dragon (or Snake Deity statue) Ly dynasty Lê Văn Thịnh Temple Gia Bình District, Bac Ninh Province
16 Amitabha Buddha Statue Ly dynasty Ngo Xa Buddhist Temple Ý Yên District, Nam Dinh Province
17 Quan Âm of Hoi Ha pagoda statue Le dynasty Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts Hanoi
18 Three statues of Buddhas in the three times Le dynasty Linh Ung Buddhist temple Thuận Thành District, Bac Ninh Province
19 Statue of Queen Trịnh Thị Ngọc Trúc Revival Lê dynasty Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts Hanoi
20 Set of ceramic lamp base and incense burner Mac dynasty Nam Dinh Provincial Museum Nam Định
21 Bronze cauldron Revival Lê dynasty Thanh Hoa Provincial Museum Thanh Hóa
22 Three Cannons Bảo quốc an dân đại tướng quân Nguyen dynasty Ha Tinh Provincial Museum Hà Tĩnh
23 Vo Canh stele Champa culture National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
24 Statue of Avalokitesvara Hoài Nhơn Champa culture Museum of Vietnamese History Ho Chi Minh City
25 Statue of Avalokitesvara Đại Hữu Champa culture Museum of Vietnamese History Ho Chi Minh City
26 Animal figure of Dốc Chùa Đồng Nai culture (1,000 BC - 0) Binh Duong Provincial Museum Thủ Dầu Một
27 Buddha statue of Bình Hòa Óc Eo Culture Museum of Vietnamese History Ho Chi Minh City
28 Buddha statue of Sa Đéc Óc Eo Culture Museum of Vietnamese History Ho Chi Minh City
29 Vishnu statue Óc Eo Culture Dong Thap Provincial Museum Cao Lãnh
30 Vishnu statue Óc Eo Culture Long An Provincial Museum Tân An
31 Durga Goddess statue Óc Eo Culture Museum of Vietnamese History Ho Chi Minh City
32 Avalokitesvara statue Óc Eo Culture Museum of Vietnamese History Ho Chi Minh City
33 Collection of golden artifacts Óc Eo Culture Long An Provincial Museum Tân An
34 Vườn Xuân Trung Nam Bắc
Painting "Spring garden of Central-South-North (of Viet Nam)"		 1969-1989
Artist Nguyễn Gia Trí		 Ho Chi Minh City Museum of Fine Arts Ho Chi Minh City
35 Hai thiếu nữ và em bé
Painting "Two young girls and a kid"		 1944
Artist Tô Ngọc Vân		 Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts Hanoi
36 Em Thúy
Painting "Little Thúy"		 1943
Artist Trần Văn Cẩn		 Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts Hanoi
37 Kết nạp Đảng ở Điện Biên Phủ
Painting "Granting Party membership in Dien Bien Phu"		 1956
Artist Nguyễn Sáng		 Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts Hanoi

Set 3

The third set of 12 national treasure was designated on 14 January 2015 by Decision No. 53/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.[21]

No. Name Date/Period/Culture Owner Location Photo
1 Huu Chung bronze drum Dong Son culture Hai Duong Provincial Museum Hải Dương
2 Thanh Mai bronze bell 798
Tang dynasty		 Ha Noi City Museum Hanoi
3 Stone stele records of imperial examinations of the Lê and Mạc dynasties 1484-1780 Văn Miếu Hanoi
4 Khôn Nguyên Chí Đức Chi Bi stele
坤元至德之碑		 1498 Lam Kinh historic site Thọ Xuân District, Thanh Hoa Province
5 Thủy Môn Đình stele
體存碑記		 1670 Lang Son Provincial Museum Lạng Sơn
6 Statue of Quan Âm with thousand eyes and hands 16th century Dao Xuyen Buddhist Temple Gia Lâm District, Hanoi
7 Set of Amitābha, Mahāsthāmaprāpta and Avalokiteśvara statues
阿彌陀三尊		 17th century Thay Buddhist temple Quốc Oai District, Hanoi
8 Collection of Buddhist statues at Tay Phuong temple Tay Son dynasty Tay Phuong Buddhist temple Thạch Thất District, Hanoi
9 Ekamukhalinga/Linga with Shiva head 8th century My Son sacred site Duy Xuyên District, Quang Nam Province
10 Stone Stairway Railing 12th century Nam Dinh Provincial Museum Nam Dinh
11 The MiG-21 aircraft no. 4324 Operation Rolling Thunder 1965-1968 Vietnam Military History Museum Hanoi
12 Ho Chi Minh Campaign Determination Map Ho Chi Minh Campaign 1975 Vietnam Military History Museum Hanoi

Set 4

The fourth set of 25 national treasure was designated on 23 December 2015 by Decision No. 2382/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.[10]

No. Name Date/Period/Culture Owner Location Photo
1 Co Loa bronze drum and collection of ploughshare Dong Son culture Ha Noi City Museum Hanoi
2 The pair of Lô Lô bronze drum 5th century CE Ha Giang Provincial Museum Hà Giang
3 Buddhist sutra inscripted pillar 995 CE Nhat Tru Temple Hoa Lư District, Ninh Binh Province
4 Statue of Vishnu 6th century CE Dong Thap Provincial Museum Cao Lãnh
5 Statue of Lakshmi 7th century CE Bac Lieu Provincial Museum Bạc Liêu
6 Statue of Lakshmi 7th century CE Dong Thap Provincial Museum Cao Lãnh
7 Head of Shiva statue Early 10th century CE Dong Thap Provincial Museum Cao Lãnh
8 Statue of Sadashiva 12th century CE Bac Lieu Provincial Museum Bạc Liêu
9 Head of Shiva statue 12th century CE Bac Lieu Provincial Museum Bạc Liêu
10 Statue of Trấn Vũ 1802 CE Tran Vu Temple Long Biên District, Hanoi
11 Vân Trạch Hòa altar 9th or 10th century CE Thua Thien Hue Provincal Museum Huế
12 Relief of Goddess Mahishasuramardini Early 12th century CE Binh Dinh Provincal Museum Quy Nhơn
13 Stone altar of Kham Lang 1432 CE Kham Lang Buddhist temple Lục Nam District, Bac Giang Province
14 Relief of Lac Long Quan and characters of Hồng Bàng period c. late 19th - early 20th century CE Noi temple (or Lac Long Quan temple) Thanh Oai District, Hanoi
15 Terracotta house model Tran dynasty Nam Dinh Provincal Museum Nam Định
16 Thanh Hư Động stele
清虛洞碑		 Long Khánh era c. 1372-1377 Con Son Buddhist temple Chí Linh
17 Nam Giao stele
南郊殿碑		 1679 CE National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
18 Khiêm Cung Ký stele
謙恭記碑		 1875 CE Hue Monuments Conservation Centre Tomb of Tự Đức, Huế
19 Collection of 10 cylindrical cauldrons of Nguyen Lords 1659 - 1684 CE Hue Monuments Conservation Centre Huế Museum of Royal Fine Arts and Imperial City, Hue
20 Lotus-shaped nine-storey prayer wheel (Cửu Phẩm Liên Hoa) 17th century CE Giam Buddhist temple Cẩm Giàng District, Hai Duong Province
21 Porcelain lamp base 1582 (5th year of Diên Thành) Hanoi Museum Hanoi
22 Bát Tràng porcelain religious palanquin (long đình) 17th century CE Hanoi Museum Hanoi
23 The golden seal Sắc mệnh chi bảo
敕命之寶		 1827 (8th year of Minh Mệnh) National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
24 The imperial throne of Nguyễn Emperors 1802 CE (1st year of Gia Long) Hue Monuments Conservation Centre Hall of Supreme Harmony, Imperial City, Hue
25 Nguyễn Emperors' robe for Heavenly Sacrifice Ritual (龍袞) 1802 CE Hue Monuments Conservation Centre Huế Museum of Royal Fine Arts, Imperial City of Hue

Set 6

The sixth set of 24 national treasures was designated on 25 December 2017 by Decision No. 2089/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.[12]

No. Name Date/Period/Culture Owner Location Photo
1 Dagger with handle of snake and elephant figurine c. 2500 - 2000 Before Present Nghe An Provincal Museum Vinh
2 Ladle with elephant figurine handle c. 2500 - 2000 Before Present Nghe An Provincal Museum Vinh
3 Loc Hoa lithophone c. 3000 Before Present Binh Phuoc Provincal Museum Đồng Xoài
4 Nhon Thanh casting mold 1th - 7th century CE Can Tho Municipal Museum Cần Thơ
5 Śarīra box of Nhan Pagoda 7th - 8th century CE Nghe An Provincal Museum Vinh
6 Relief of Champa Buddha on Central Highland 6th - 7th century CE Gia Lai Provincal Museum Pleiku
7 Vishnu statue of Go Thanh 1431 CE Tien Giang Provincal Museum Mỹ Tho
8 The pair of Garuda killing snake statues mid 13th century CE Binh Dinh Provincal Museum Quy Nhơn
9 10 Holy animal statues of Phat Tich 11th century CE Phat Tich Buddhist temple Tiên Du District, Bac Ninh Province
10 Four statues of Tứ Pháp Goddesses in Dâu-Luy Lâu historical region 18th century CE Dâu Buddhist temple
Phi Tướng Buddhist temple
Dàn Buddhist temple		 Thuận Thành District, Bac Ninh Province
11 Dragon engraved pillar of Dạm Buddhist temple 11th century CE Dạm Buddhist temple Bắc Ninh
12 Đại Việt Lam Sơn Dụ Lăng Bi stele
(Lê Hiến Tông's tomb stele)
大越藍山裕陵碑		 c.1504 Lam Kinh historic site Thọ Xuân District, Thanh Hoa Province
13 Collection of cliff inscriptions in Kinh Chu Cave 14th century - early 20th century The Local Government of Kinh Môn District Kinh Môn District, Hai Duong Province
14 Côn Sơn Tư Phúc tự bi stele
崑山資福寺碑		 1607 CE Côn Sơn Buddhist temple Chí Linh
15 Inscribed stone box of Đồi Cốc 1549 CE Shrine of Giáp Hải Bắc Giang
16 Dragon figures engraved doors of Keo temple 17th century CE Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts Hanoi
17 A pair of dragon figures engraved stone beds 17th century CE Shrine of Emperor Đinh Tiên Hoàng Hoa Lư District, Ninh Binh Province
18 Woodblocks of Bổ Đà Buddhist temple mid 18th century - early 20th century Bo Da Buddhist temple Việt Yên District, Bắc Giang Province
19 Jade Heirloom Seal of the Realm of the Nguyen Dynasty
Đại Nam thụ thiên vĩnh mệnh truyền quốc tỷ
大 南 受 天 永 命 傳 國 璽		 1847
(The 7th year of Thiệu Trị)		 National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
20 Lacquered folding screen named Thiếu nữ và phong cảnh
"Young ladies and garden landscape"		 1939
Artist Nguyễn Gia Trí		 Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts Hanoi
21 Bác Hồ ở Chiến khu Việt Bắc
Painting "Uncle Ho in Việt Bắc military zone"		 1980
Artist Dương Bích Liên		 Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts Hanoi
22 Gióng
Painting "Gióng"		 1990
Artist Nguyễn Tư Nghiêm		 Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts Hanoi
23 Thanh niên thành đồng
Painting "The Youth of the Bronze Fortress"		 1967-1978
Artist Nguyễn Sáng		 Ho Chi Minh City Museum of Fine Arts Ho Chi Minh City
24 Naval cargo ship registration number HQ671 1962 Museum of the Vietnamese Navy Hải Phòng

Set 7

The seventh set of 22 national treasures was designated on 24 December 2018 by Decision No. 1821/QD-TTg signed by Deputy Prime Minister Vu Duc Dam.[22]

No. Name Date/Period/Culture Owner Location Photo
1 Đầu Rằm pottery jar c. 3400 - 3000 Before Present
(late Phùng Nguyên culture)		 Quang Ninh Provincal Museum Hạ Long
2 Long Thạnh collection of terracotta vases 3370 ± 40 Before Present
(pre-Sa Huỳnh culture)		 Quang Ngai Provincal Museum Quảng Ngãi
3 Statue of a Champa monk in Phu Hung 9th - 10th century CE Quang Ngai Provincal Museum Quảng Ngãi
4 Pha Long bronze drum Dong Son culture Lao Cai Provincal Museum Lào Cai
5 Wooden burial jar with a bronze drum as lid in Phu Chanh Bronze drum: 2th century - 1th century BC
Wooden jar: 2.100 ± 40 Before Present		 Binh Duong Provincal Museum Thủ Dầu Một
6 Nhơn Thành Buddha statue 6th - 7th century CE Can Tho Municipal Museum Cần Thơ
7 Nhơn Thành pottery jar 5th century CE Can Tho Municipal Museum Cần Thơ
8 A set of stone Linga and Yoni 5th - 6th century CE An Giang Provincal Museum Long Xuyên
9 Giong Xoai Brahma statue 6th - 7th century CE An Giang Provincal Museum Long Xuyên
10 Vung Liem Vishnu statue 6th - 7th century CE Vinh Long Provincal Museum Vĩnh Long
11 Son Tho-Tra Vinh Buddha statue 6th - 7th century CE Ho Chi Minh City Museum Ho Chi Minh City
12 Duong Le Uma statue 9th - 10th century CE Quang Tri Provincal Museum Đông Hà
13 Statue of Shiva at Linh Son temple 15th century CE Linh Son Buddhist temple Quy Nhơn
14 Statue of Quan Âm with thousand eyes and hands early 15th century CE Me So Buddhist temple Văn Giang District, Hung Yen Province
15 Đồng Dương altar pedestal 9th - 10th century CE Museum of Cham Sculpture Da Nang
16 Golden flower shaped box of Ngoa Van-Yen Tu 14th century CE Quang Ninh Provincal Museum Hạ Long
17 Sùng Thiên tự bi stele
崇天寺碑		 1331
(The 3rd year of Khai Hựu)		 Dâu (or Sùng Thiên) Buddhist temple Gia Lộc District, Hai Duong Province
18 Glazed ceramic pagoda of Trò temple 14th century CE Vinh Phuc Provincal Museum Vĩnh Yên
19 Bronze seal Tuần phủ Đô tướng quân
(Imperial Commissioner and Acting Army General seal)
奉 命 巡 撫 都 將 軍 印		 1515
(The 6th year of Hồng Thuận)		 Quang Binh Provincal Museum Đồng Hới
20 Golden book Đế hệ thi
(Poem of the Royal Clan Names)
帝 系 詩 金 册		 1823
(The 4th year of Minh Mạng)		 National Museum of Vietnamese History Hanoi
21 Bronze printing plate of 5 Vietnam Dong credit notes 1947 Ho Chi Minh City Museum Ho Chi Minh City
22 International truck
assembled from various parts of Ford, Studebaker and Renault		 1949 Museum of Army Logistics Hanoi

See also

References
  1. National Assembly of Vietnam (2001), Law on Cultural Heritage (No. 28/2001/QH10 of June 29, 2001), Centre Database on Legal Normative Documents of Vietnam, retrieved 2020-07-08
  2. National Assembly of Vietnam (2001), Law on Cultural Heritage (PDF), SHERLOC: UNESCO Cultural Heritage laws Database, p. 2, retrieved 2020-07-07
  3. National Assembly of Vietnam (2009), Law amending and supplementing a number of articles of the law on cultural heritages (No. 32/2009/QH12), Centre Database on Legal Normative Documents of Vietnam, retrieved 2020-07-08
  4. Andreas Reinecke (2015), "Insights into the Archaeological Research of Vietnam", Perspectives on the Archaeology of Vietnam - International Colloquium, Hanoi: Academia, p. 15, retrieved 2020-07-08
  5. "Bảo vật quốc gia". Department of Cultural Heritage (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2020-07-08.
  6. "Bảo vật quốc gia". Heritage World Magazine (Tạp chí Thế giới Di sản) (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2020-07-08.
  7. Prime Minister (1 October 2012), "Decision No. 1426/QD-TTg on recognization of national precious objects", luatminhkhue.vn, Hanoi, retrieved 8 July 2020
  8. "37 additional national treasures recognised". Nhan Dan Online. 30 December 2013. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
  9. "Vietnam names another 12 cultural, historical items national treasures". Tuoi Tre News. 14 January 2015. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
  10. Prime Minister (23 December 2015), Decision No. 2382/QD-TTg on recognisation of national treasures (in Vietnamese), Viet Nam Government Portal, retrieved 8 July 2020
  11. Prime Minister (22 December 2016), Decision No. 2496/QD-TTg on recognisation of national treasures (5th time) (in Vietnamese), Viet Nam Government Portal, retrieved 8 July 2020
  12. "Twenty four more national treasures recognised". VietnamPlus - Vietnam News Agency. 28 December 2017. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
  13. "More artefacts recognised as VN national treasures". Viet Nam News. 27 December 2018. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
  14. "27 more national treasures recognised". VietnamPlus - Vietnam News Agency. 21 January 2020. Retrieved 8 July 2020.
  15. "Co Loa arrowhead mould collection recognised as national treasure". VietnamPlus - Vietnam News Agency. 6 January 2021. Retrieved 28 January 2021.
  16. Archaeological Treasures from Vietnam (PDF), translated by Martin Baumeister, Staatliches Museum für Archäologie Chemnitz/ Landesamt für Archäologie Sachsen, 2017, p. 20, retrieved 2020-07-08
  17. "PM allows transport of national treasures abroad". Vietnam Law and Legal Forum magazine. 2016. Retrieved 2020-07-08.
  18. Wendy Zeldin (2016), Vietnam: New Provisions on Cultural Treasures Sent Abroad, The Library of Congress, retrieved 2020-07-08
  19. Prime Minister (1 October 2012), "Decision No. 1426/QD-TTg on recognisation of national treasures", Viet Nam Government Portal (in Vietnamese), Hanoi, retrieved 13 July 2020
  20. Prime Minister (30 December 2013), "Decision No. 53/QD-TTg on recognisation of national treasures", Viet Nam Government Portal (in Vietnamese), Hanoi, retrieved 13 July 2020
  21. Prime Minister (14 January 2015), "Decision No. 53/QD-TTg on recognisation of national treasures", Viet Nam Government Portal (in Vietnamese), Hanoi, retrieved 13 July 2020
  22. "Additional 22 artifacts gain "national treasure" status". VietnamPlus - Vietnam News Agency. 26 December 2018. Retrieved 28 January 2021.
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