National scenic area (Scotland)

The Cuillin Hills national scenic area.

After the Second World War, the Labour government passed the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949, which led to the creation of ten national parks in England and Wales between 1951 and 1957, although no parks were created in Scotland. A committee, chaired by Sir Douglas Ramsay, was however established to consider preservation of the landscape in Scotland. The report, published in 1945, proposed that five areas (Loch Lomond & the Trossachs, the Cairngorms, Glen Coe-Ben Nevis-Black Mount, Wester Ross and Glen Strathfarrar-Glen Affric-Glen Cannich) should receive a level of protection.[7] Accordingly, the government designated these areas as "national park direction areas", giving powers for planning decisions taken by local authorities to be reviewed by central government. After a further review of landscape protection in 1978, additional areas were identified for protection, and in 1981 the direction areas were replaced by national scenic areas, which were based on the 1978 recommendations.[3]

Following the passage of the National Parks (Scotland) Act 2000, two national parks were established: Loch Lomond and The Trossachs National Park and the Cairngorms National Park.[8] Both of these parks included areas that were already designated as national scenic areas, and the NSA designation remains in place alongside national park status for the areas in question.

Scottish Natural Heritage reviewed the national scenic areas between November 2007 and March 2009 to try to identify what makes the scenery of each NSA special;[5] however no formal review into the number and extent has been undertaken since the original report. The current national scenic areas, which therefore remain as originally mapped in 1978, were legally redesignated in 2010.[9] Despite calls from bodies such as the John Muir Trust[10] for the protection to be extended to other areas to protect landscape and support tourism, the Scottish Government has stated that it has no plans to designate further areas. In September 2017 the Scottish Parliament's Public Petitions Committee asked the government to explain why it is not reviewing the NSAs.[10]

The Kyles of Bute national scenic area in Argyll and Bute.

There is no equivalent to a national park authority for national scenic areas, rather it is a designation to provide an additional level of protection to specified areas. For developments that would ordinarily require only local authority planning permission the Scottish Government must be informed if advice from NatureScot is ignored.[11] Additionally, there are some classes of development that would not normally require planning permission to proceed when located outwith a national scenic area, but which are subject to controls within them. These developments include the erection of agricultural and forestry buildings over 12 m high, the construction of vehicle tracks for agriculture or forestry purposes (unless forming part of an approved scheme), and local authority roadworks outside present road boundaries costing more than £100,000.[11]

Local authorities can produce a management strategy for each of the NSA within its territory. This strategy defines the area's special qualities and identifies the actions needed to safeguard them. As of 2018, only the three national scenic areas within Dumfries and Galloway have current management strategies .[12]

Public access to all land in Scotland is governed by the Land Reform (Scotland) Act 2003, which grants the public a right of responsible access to most land (and water) for activities such as walking, camping, cycling, canoeing, swimming and climbing; this right applies to land regardless of ownership or whether or not it is in a designated or protected area such as an NSA, providing it is exercised responsibly (as defined by the Scottish Outdoor Access Code).[13]

As of 2020 there were 40 national scenic areas:[1]

Name Photo Land area (ha)[4] Marine area (ha)[4] Total area (ha)[4] Local Authorities with areas inside NSA[4] Assynt-Coigach 86,539 43,285 129,824 Highland Ben Nevis and Glen Coe 90,334 1,944 92,278 Highland/Argyll and Bute/Perth and Kinross Cairngorm Mountains 65,541 0 65,541 Highland/Aberdeenshire/Moray (also within Cairngorms National Park) Cuillin Hills 22,726 4,594 27,320 Highland Deeside and Lochnagar 39,787 0 39,787 Aberdeenshire/Angus (also within Cairngorms National Park) Dornoch Firth 11,542 4,240 15,782 Highland East Stewartry Coast 8,447 1,173 9,620 Dumfries and Galloway Eildon and Leaderfoot 3,877 0 3,877 Scottish Borders Fleet Valley 5,373 481 5,854 Dumfries and Galloway Glen Affric 18,837 0 18,837 Highland Glen Strathfarrar 4,027 0 4,027 Highland Hoy and West Mainland 16,479 7,928 24,407 Orkney Islands Jura 21,072 9,245 30,317 Argyll and Bute Kintail 16,070 1,079 17,149 Highland Knapdale 20,821 12,011 32,832 Argyll and Bute Knoydart 40,201 10,495 50,696 Highland Kyle of Tongue 21,093 3,396 24,488 Highland Kyles of Bute 4,723 1,016 5,739 Argyll and Bute Loch Lomond 28,077 0 28,077 Argyll and Bute/Stirling/West Dunbartonshire (also within Loch Lomond and the Trossachs National Park) Loch na Keal, Isle of Mull 13,507 30,742 44,250 Argyll and Bute Loch Rannoch and Glen Lyon 48,625 0 48,625 Perth and Kinross/Stirling Loch Shiel 13,045 0 13,045 Highland Loch Tummel 9,013 0 9,013 Perth and Kinross Lynn of Lorn 5,638 10,088 15,726 Argyll and Bute Morar, Moidart and Ardnamurchan 17,220 19,736 36,956 Highland North Arran 20,360 6,943 27,304 North Ayrshire Nith Estuary 14,310 28 14,337 Dumfries and Galloway North West Sutherland 23,415 3,151 26,565 Highland River Earn (Comrie to St. Fillans) 3,108 0 3,108 Perth and Kinross River Tay (Dunkeld) 5,708 0 5,708 Perth and Kinross Scarba, Lunga and the Garvellachs 2,139 4,402 6,542 Argyll and Bute Shetland 15,486 26,347 41,833 Shetland Islands Small Isles 16,271 30,964 47,235 Highland South Lewis, Harris and North Uist 112,301 90,087 202,388 Western Isles South Uist Machair 6,289 7,025 13,314 Western Isles St Kilda 865 6,101 6,966 Western Isles The Trossachs 4,850 0 4,850 Stirling (also within Loch Lomond and the Trossachs National Park) Trotternish 6,128 1,789 7,916 Highland Upper Tweeddale 12,770 0 12,770 Scottish Borders Wester Ross 143,881 19,574 163,456 Highland

• Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty
• Protected areas of Scotland
• National parks of Scotland
• European Landscape Convention

• Map showing location and extent of the National Scenic Areas
• National Scenic Areas - Scottish Natural Heritage