October 1931

October 1, 1931 (Thursday)

  • The new Waldorf Astoria building opened in New York City, the biggest hotel in the world at the time.[1]
  • Rioting broke out again in the United Kingdom, this time in Glasgow when police stopped a crowd from marching on Glasgow Green. MP John McGovern was among those arrested for hitting a policeman.[2][3]
  • Born: Alan Wagner, television executive and opera critic, in Harlem, New York City (d. 2007)

October 2, 1931 (Friday)

  • Glasgow rioted for the second straight night as 50,000 unemployed smashed the windows of shops and looted them.[3]
  • Pope Pius XI promulgated a new encyclical, Nova Impendet, which called for a "Crusade of charity and of succour" to help the unemployed and poor, especially the children who "are bearing the worst of the burden."[4]

October 3, 1931 (Saturday)

  • Two Albanian officers were sentenced for the February 20 assassination attempt of King Zog. A former lieutenant was sentenced to seven years and a former army captain was sentenced to three years.[5]
  • Born: Denise Scott Brown, African-born American architect, in Nkana, Northern Rhodesia
  • Died: Carl Nielsen, 66, Danish composer

October 4, 1931 (Sunday)

October 5, 1931 (Monday)

October 6, 1931 (Tuesday)

  • British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald called a new general election for October 27.[9]
  • U.S. President Herbert Hoover announced that the country's bankers were forming a $500 million privately financed national institution to help banks extend credit.[10]
  • Al Capone went on trial for tax evasion.[11]
  • German Chancellor Heinrich Brüning and his entire cabinet resigned. President Paul von Hindenburg accepted the resignations but asked Brüning to stay on and form a new government.[12]
  • Niceto Alcalá-Zamora resigned as Spain's President of the Council of Ministers in a fit of anger after being accused of speaking out of turn. He withdrew his resignation fifteen minutes later.[13]
  • Born: Riccardo Giacconi, astrophysicist and Nobel laureate, in Genoa, Italy

October 7, 1931 (Wednesday)

  • A mob of unemployed demonstrators in Manchester were repulsed trying to storm Town Hall while the council was in session. The protestors then sat in the street and refused to budge until they were dispersed by police batons and fire hoses. A total of 14 people were injured, including 5 police.[14][15]
  • Born: Cotton Fitzsimmons, basketball coach, in Hannibal, Missouri (d. 2004); Desmond Tutu, social rights activist, Anglican bishop and Nobel Peace Prize recipient, in Klerksdorp, South Africa

October 8, 1931 (Thursday)

October 9, 1931 (Friday)

  • Chancellor Brüning announced his new cabinet. The only changes were Curt Joël as Justice Minister, Hermann Warmbold as Minister of Economics and Brüning naming himself the new Foreign Minister.[18]
  • Denmark held a state funeral for Carl Nielsen.[17]

October 10, 1931 (Saturday)

October 11, 1931 (Sunday)

October 12, 1931 (Monday)

October 13, 1931 (Tuesday)

October 14, 1931 (Wednesday)

October 15, 1931 (Thursday)

October 16, 1931 (Friday)

October 17, 1931 (Saturday)

October 18, 1931 (Sunday)

  • Al Capone was convicted of three felony counts of tax evasion and two misdemeanor counts of failing to file a tax return.[11]
  • 2 died in another day of rioting between Nazis and Communists in Braunschweig as 75,000 Nazis paraded in the city before Hitler.[31]
  • Died: Thomas Edison, 84, American inventor and businessman

October 19, 1931 (Monday)

  • The dismembered bodies of two women stuffed into a two trunks and a suitcase were uncovered at the Southern Pacific station in Los Angeles. Dr. William Judd was taken into custody as detectives began a search for his wife, Winnie Ruth Judd.[32]
  • Born: John le Carré, spy novelist, in Poole, England; Manolo Escobar, singer and actor, in Las Norias de Daza, Spain (d. 2013)

October 20, 1931 (Tuesday)

October 21, 1931 (Wednesday)

  • On the day of Thomas Edison's funeral, the United States plunged itself into darkness for one minute at 10 p.m. Eastern time to mourn his passing.[35]
  • Died: Arthur Schnitzler, 69, Austrian author and dramatist

October 22, 1931 (Thursday)

  • The League of Nations drafted a statement ordering Japan to withdraw from Manchuria by November 16.[36]
  • French Prime Minister Pierre Laval arrived in Washington for talks with President Hoover.[37]

October 23, 1931 (Friday)

October 24, 1931 (Saturday)

October 25, 1931 (Sunday)

October 26, 1931 (Monday)

October 27, 1931 (Tuesday)

October 28, 1931 (Wednesday)

October 29, 1931 (Thursday)

October 30, 1931 (Friday)

October 31, 1931 (Saturday)

References

  1. "Hotel History". Waldorf New York. Archived from the original on November 27, 2013. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  2. "Glasgow Riot". The Advocate. Burnie. October 3, 1931. p. 1.
  3. Steele, John (October 3, 1931). "50,000 Riot for Bread in Glasgow". Chicago Daily Tribune: 1.
  4. "Nova Impendet". The Holy See. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  5. "Two Officers Sentenced for Attempt to Kill Zog". Chicago Daily Tribune. October 4, 1931. p. 5.
  6. "Tageseinträge für 4. Oktober 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  7. Roberts, Garyn G. (2003). Dick Tracy and American Culture: Morality and Mythology, Text and Context. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-7864-1698-1.
  8. Paur, Jason (October 5, 2010). "Oct. 5, 1931: First Nonstop Trans-Pacific Flight Ends in Cloud of Dust". Wired. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  9. "Oct. 27 Is Set By Britain as Election Date". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. October 6, 1931. p. 2.
  10. "Huge Fund to Balk Bad Times". Chicago Daily Tribune. October 7, 1931. p. 1.
  11. Porazzo, Daniel M. "The Al Capone Trial: A Chronology". UMKC School of Law. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  12. "German Cabinet Quits; Bruening to Form New One". Chicago Daily Tribune. October 7, 1931. p. 8.
  13. "Zamora Resigns as Spain's Head, then Relents". Chicago Daily Tribune. October 7, 1931. p. 8.
  14. "Howling Mob Riots in Manchester; Uses Passive Resistance". Chicago Daily Tribune. October 8, 1931. p. 11.
  15. "Manchester Riot". The Canberra Times. Canberra: 1. October 9, 1931.
  16. Darrah, David (October 9, 1931). "40,000 Fascist Youths Repeat 'March on Rome'". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 5.
  17. "1931". Music And History. Archived from the original on August 28, 2012. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  18. Schultz, Sigrid (October 10, 1931). "Bruening Picks an Iron Fisted German Cabinet". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 7.
  19. Schultz, Sigrid (October 11, 1931). "German Fascist Leader Warned to Toe the Mark". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 7.
  20. Domarus, Max (1990). The Complete Hitler: Speeches and Proclamations. Wauconda, Illinois: Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers. p. 563.
  21. "Tageseinträge für 10. Oktober 1931". chroniknet. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  22. Plotkin, Abraham (2009). An American in Hitler's Berlin: Abraham Plotkin's Diary, 1932–33. University of Illinois Press. p. 159. ISBN 978-0-252-07559-9.
  23. Mercer, Derrik (1989). Chronicle of the 20th Century. London: Chronicle Communications Ltd. p. 407. ISBN 978-0-582-03919-3.
  24. McCann Jr., Frank D. (1973). The Brazilian-American Alliance, 1937–1945. Princeton University Press. p. 18.
  25. "L'Allemagne en 1931". Krononations. Archived from the original on May 22, 2015. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  26. Morley, Sheridan (2005). Noël Coward. London: Haus Publishing. p. 51. ISBN 978-1-904341-88-8.
  27. "3d 'Governor of Louisiana' Takes the Oath". Chicago Daily Tribune. October 15, 1931. p. 1.
  28. Suskin, Steven (2009). The Sound of Broadway Music: A Book of Orchestrators and Orchestrations. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-979084-5.
  29. "Reichstag Vote Backs Cabinet of Bruening". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. October 16, 1931. p. 1.
  30. Schultz, Sigrid (October 17, 1931). "Bruening to Rule as a Dictator; Wins Confidence". Chicago Daily Tribune: 6.
  31. Görtemaker, Heike B. (2012). Eva Braun: Life With Hitler. Vintage Books. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-307-74260-5.
  32. "Trunks Reveal Slain Women". Chicago Daily Tribune. October 20, 1931. p. 1.
  33. "History". Chatham House. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  34. "Frisch Named Most Valuable Player in League". Chicago Daily Tribune. October 21, 1931. p. 21.
  35. "Honor Edison; One Minute Dark Tonight". Chicago Daily Tribune. October 21, 1931. p. 1.
  36. Swenson, Egbert (October 23, 1931). "League Orders Japan to Vacate China by Nov. 16". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 7.
  37. Henning, Arthur Sears (October 23, 1931). "Laval is Given Warm Welcome at White House". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  38. Swenson, Egbert (October 24, 1931). "Japanese Defy League; Refuse to Quit China". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 7.
  39. "Seize Mrs. Judd, Wounded". Chicago Daily Tribune. October 24, 1931. p. 1.
  40. Rockland, Michael Aaron (2008). The George Washington Bridge: Poetry in Steel. Rutgers University Press. p. 65. ISBN 978-0-8135-4375-8.
  41. "50 Lose Lives as Russian Sub Sinks in Crash". Chicago Daily Tribune. October 25, 1931. p. 4.
  42. "Russian Submarine". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney: 9. October 27, 1931.
  43. Nowinski, M. (October 27, 1931). "Poland Tries 11 Political Chiefs in Revolt Plot". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 18.
  44. Thorpe, Andrew (1994). The Longman Companion to Britain in the Era of the Two World Wars 1914–45. Routledge. p. 17. ISBN 978-1-317-89747-7.
  45. "M'Donald Elected as National Party Captures 541 Seats". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. October 28, 1931. p. 1.
  46. Linehan, Thomas (2000). British Fascism, 1918–39: Parties, Ideology and Culture. Manchester University Press. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-7190-5024-4.
  47. "Soviets Decree Price Cuts in Private Stores". Chicago Daily Tribune. October 29, 1931. p. 4.
  48. "Grove Most Valuable in American Loop". Chicago Daily Tribune. October 29, 1931. p. 21.
  49. "15 Nations Agree to Arms Truce Powers Sign Up". Chicago Daily Tribune. November 1, 1931. p. 14.
  50. Weiss, H. Eugene (2003). Chrysler, Ford, Durant and Sloan: Founding Giants of the American Automotive Industry. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-7864-1611-0.
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