PLA2G4A

Cytosolic phospholipase A2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PLA2G4A gene.[5][6]

PLA2G4A
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesPLA2G4A, PLA2G4, cPLA2-alpha, cPLA2, phospholipase A2 group IVA, GURDP
External IDsOMIM: 600522 MGI: 1195256 HomoloGene: 32059 GeneCards: PLA2G4A
Gene location (Human)
Chr.Chromosome 1 (human)[1]
Band1q31.1Start186,828,949 bp[1]
End186,988,981 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

5321

18783

Ensembl

ENSG00000116711

ENSMUSG00000056220

UniProt

P47712

P47713

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001311193
NM_024420

NM_008869
NM_001305632

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001298122
NP_077734

NP_001292561
NP_032895

Location (UCSC)Chr 1: 186.83 – 186.99 MbChr 1: 149.83 – 149.96 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Function

This gene encodes a member of the cytosolic phospholipase A2 group IV family. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids to release arachidonic acid which is subsequently metabolized into eicosanoids. Eicosanoids, including prostaglandins and leukotrienes, are lipid-based cellular hormones that regulate hemodynamics, inflammatory responses, and other intracellular pathways. The hydrolysis reaction also produces lysophospholipids that are converted into platelet-activating factor. The enzyme is activated by increased intracellular Ca2+ levels and phosphorylation, resulting in its translocation from the cytosol and nucleus to perinuclear membrane vesicles.[6]

Interactions

PLA2G4A has been shown to interact with HTATIP.[7]

Clinical significance

Mutations in this gene have been associated with multifocal stenosing ulceration of the small intestine.[8]

References

  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000116711 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000056220 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Dennis EA (Jun 1994). "Diversity of group types, regulation, and function of phospholipase A2". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 269 (18): 13057–13060. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)36794-7. PMID 8175726.
  6. "Entrez Gene: PLA2G4A phospholipase A2, group IVA (cytosolic, calcium-dependent)".
  7. Sheridan AM, Force T, Yoon HJ, O'Leary E, Choukroun G, Taheri MR, Bonventre JV (July 2001). "PLIP, a novel splice variant of Tip60, interacts with group IV cytosolic phospholipase A(2), induces apoptosis, and potentiates prostaglandin production". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 21 (14): 4470–4481. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.14.4470-4481.2001. PMC 87107. PMID 11416127.
  8. Brooke MA, Longhurst HJ, Plagnol V, Kirkby NS, Mitchell JA, Rüschendorf F, Warner TD, Kelsell DP, Macdonald TT (December 2012). "Cryptogenic multifocal ulcerating stenosing enteritis associated with homozygous deletion mutations in cytosolic phospholipase A2-α". Gut. 63 (1): 96–104. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2012-303581. PMID 23268370. S2CID 206957682.

Further reading


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