Paul D. Boyer
Paul Delos Boyer (July 31, 1918 – June 2, 2018) was an American biochemist, analytical chemist, and a professor of chemistry at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA). He shared the 1997 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for research on the "enzymatic mechanism underlying the biosynthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)" (ATP synthase) with John E. Walker, making Boyer the first Utah-born Nobel laureate; the remainder of the Prize in that year was awarded to Danish chemist Jens Christian Skou for his discovery of the Na+/K+-ATPase.[1]
Paul D. Boyer | |
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Born | Provo, Utah, U.S. | July 31, 1918
Died | June 2, 2018 99) Los Angeles, California, U.S. | (aged
Nationality | American |
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Birth and education
Boyer was born in Provo, Utah. He grew up in a nonpracticing Mormon family. He attended Provo High School, where he was active in student government and the debating team. He received a B.S. in chemistry from Brigham Young University in 1939 and obtained a Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Scholarship for graduate studies. Five days before leaving for Wisconsin, Paul married Lyda Whicker in 1939, and they remained married for nearly eighty years until his death in 2018, making him the longest-married Nobel laureate.[2] The Boyers had three children.
Though the Boyers connected with the Mormon community in Wisconsin, they considered themselves "on the wayward fringe" and doubted the doctrinal claims of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). After experimenting with Unitarianism, Boyer eventually became an atheist.[3] In 2003 he was one of 22 Nobel Laureates who signed the Humanist Manifesto.[4]
Academic career
After Boyer received his Ph.D. degree in biochemistry from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1943, he spent years at Stanford University on a war-related research project dedicated to stabilization of serum albumin for transfusions. He began his independent research career at the University of Minnesota and introduced kinetic, isotopic, and chemical methods for investigating enzyme mechanisms. In 1955, he received a Guggenheim Fellowship and worked with Professor Hugo Theorell on the mechanism of alcohol dehydrogenase. In 1956, he accepted a Hill Foundation Professorship and moved to the medical campus of the University of Minnesota. In 1959-1960, he served as Chairman of the Biochemistry Section of the American Chemical Society (ACS) and in 1969-1970 as President of the American Society of Biological Chemists.
Since 1963, he had been a Professor in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at University of California, Los Angeles. In 1965, he became the Founding Director of the Molecular Biology Institute and spearheaded the construction of the building and the organization of an interdepartmental Ph.D. program. This institutional service did not diminish the creativity and originality of his research program, which led to three postulates for the binding mechanism for ATP synthesis—that energy input was not used primarily to form ATP but to promote the binding of phosphate and mostly the release of tightly bound ATP; that three identical catalytic sites went through compulsory, sequential binding changes; and that the binding changes of the catalytic subunits, circularly arranged on the periphery of the enzyme, were driven by the rotation of a smaller internal subunit.
Paul Boyer was Editor or Associate Editor of the Annual Review of Biochemistry from 1963-1989. He was Editor of the classic series, "The Enzymes". In 1981, he was Faculty Research Lecturer at UCLA. In that same year, he was awarded the prestigious Tolman Medal by the Southern California Section of the American Chemical Society.
Death
Boyer died on June 2, 2018 at the age of 99, less than two months shy of his 100th birthday at his Los Angeles home of respiratory failure.[5][6][7]
Publications
- Dahms, A. S. & P. D. Boyer. "Occurrence and Characteristics of 18O-exchange Reactions Catalyzed By Sodium- and Potassium-dependent Adenosine Triphosphatases", University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), United States Department of Energy (through predecessor agency the Atomic Energy Commission), (1972).
- Kanazawa, T. & P. D. Boyer. "Occurrence and Characteristics of a Rapid Exchange of Phosphate Oxygens Catalyzed by Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Vesicles", University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), United States Department of Energy (through predecessor agency the Atomic Energy Commission), (1972).
- Boyer, P. D. "Isotopic Studies on Structure-function Relationships of Nucleic Acids and Enzymes. Three Year Progress Report, May 1972 — October 1975", University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), United States Department of Energy (through predecessor agency the Energy Research and Development Administration), (1975).
- Boyer, P. D. "Energy Capture and Use in Plants and Bacteria. Final Technical Report", University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), United States Department of Energy, (December 31, 1993).
Awards and honors
Year | Organization | Award title, Category |
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1955 | American Chemical Society | Paul-Lewis Award in Enzyme Chemistry | [8] |
1955 | John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation | Guggenheim Fellowship, study in Sweden |
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1968 | American Academy of Arts and Sciences | Fellow | |
1970 | National Academy of Sciences | Member | |
1974 | University of Stockholm | Honorary Doctorate | |
1976 | University of California, Los Angeles | McCoy Award | |
1981 | American Chemical Society Southern California Section |
Tolman Award | [9] |
1981 | University of California, Los Angeles | Faculty research lecturer | |
1989 | American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology | William C. Rose Award | [10] |
1996 | University of Minnesota | Honorary Doctorate | |
1997 | Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences | Nobel Prize in Chemistry | [1] |
1998 | University of California, Los Angeles Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry |
Glenn T. Seaborg Medal | [11] |
1998 | University of Wisconsin | Honorary Doctorate | |
1998 | American Academy of Achievement | Golden Plate Award | [12] |
References
- Boyer, Paul D (October 18, 2002), "A research journey with ATP synthase", Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277 (42): 39045–61, doi:10.1074/jbc.X200001200, PMID 12181328
- Allchin, Douglas (2002), "To err and win a nobel prize: Paul Boyer, ATP synthase and the emergence of bioenergetics", Journal of the History of Biology, 35 (1), pp. 149–72, doi:10.1023/A:1014583721788, PMID 12068893, S2CID 18445197
- Lores Arnaiz, G R (1998), "[Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1997: Jean Skou, Paul Boyer and John Walker: the motor of life]", Medicina (B Aires), 58 (1), pp. 107–9, PMID 9674216
- Boyer, P D (April 1995), "From human serum albumin to rotational catalysis by ATP synthase", FASEB J., 9 (7), pp. 559–61, doi:10.1096/fasebj.9.7.7737466, PMID 7737466, S2CID 31505304
Notes
- "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1997". Nobelprize.org. Archived from the original on March 25, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
- "Paul D. Boyer, 99, Dies; Nobel Winner Decoded Enzyme That Powers Life". Retrieved September 17, 2018.
- Boyer, Paul D. (March 2004), "A Path to Atheism", Freethought Today, Freedom From Religion Foundation, 21 (2), archived from the original on June 3, 2011, retrieved March 16, 2010.
- "Notable Signers". Humanism and Its Aspirations. American Humanist Association. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
- Wolpert, Stuart (June 4, 2018). "In memoriam: Paul Boyer, 99, Nobel laureate in chemistry". UCLA Newsroom. University of California, Los Angeles. Retrieved June 5, 2018.
- McFadden, Robert D. (June 7, 2018). "Paul D. Boyer, 99, Dies; Nobel Winner Decoded Enzyme That Powers Life". New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 9, 2018.
- Schudel, Matt (June 7, 2018). "Paul D. Boyer, UCLA biochemist who won Nobel Prize in 1997, dies at 99". Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 7, 2018. Retrieved August 3, 2019.
- "Pfizer Award in Enzyme Chemistry" (PDF). American Chemical Society. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 1, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
- "1981 Paul D. Boyer, UCLA". Southern California Section of the American Chemical Society. Archived from the original on April 4, 2016. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
- "William C. Rose Award". American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Archived from the original on March 24, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
- "The Seaborg Medal". UCLA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry. Archived from the original on October 23, 2016. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
- "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement". www.achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement.
External links
- Paul D. Boyer on Nobelprize.org
including the Nobel Lecture, December 8, 1997 Energy, Life, and ATP
- Nobel Prize press release — The 1997 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
- UCLA webpage — Paul D. Boyer