Posavina

Posavina (Serbian: Посавина, Croatian: Posavina) is a geographical region that stretches along the Sava river, encompassing only the inner areas of the Sava river basin, that are adjacent or near to the Sava river itself, in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Serbia .

Map of the Sava river basin, with Posavina encompassing only the inner regions, near and along the river Sava itself (green)
For other uses, see Posavina (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Sava river basin.

Geography
Further information: Sava river basin

Geography of the Posavina region is defined by geological features of the central (inner) zones of the Sava river basin, that are near or adjacent to the Sava river itself. The region is stretched along the Sava river, that flows from wast to east, connecting valleys and plains in transitional regions between the Dinaric Mountains and the Pannonian Plain. Geographical borders of the Posavina region are defined, to the south, by northern zones of the Dinaric mountain system, while Posavina′s northern borders are defined by the Pannonian island mountains. In terms of political geography, the Posavina region is divided into: Croatian Posavina (section of Posavina within the borders of Croatia), Bosnian Posavina (section of Posavina within the borders of Bosnia and Herzegovina), and Serbian Posavina (section of Posavina within the borders of Serbia).[1]

History

During the Roman era, the region belonged to the province of Pannonia, marking its most southern zone. During the reign of emperor Augustus, it was the epicenter of the Pannonian Uprising. During the 5th century, the regios was invaded by several migrating peoples, including Huns and Goths.[2] In post-Roman era, during the 6th century, the region was contested between Ostrogoths, Gepids, Langobards, Avars, and the Byzantine Empire.[3]

By the end the 6th and during the 7th century, the entire region was settled by South Slavs. In 819-823, western parts of the region were center of the Ljudevit's Rebellion against the Frankish Empire. During the 11th and 12th century, almost all parts of Posavina were gradually conquered by the Kingdom of Hungary.

In the first half of the 18th century, Sava-Danube (Posavina-Podunavlje) section of the Habsburg Military Frontier existed in the area. Posavina segment of the Frontier comprised parts of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia – the southern parts of Slavonia and Syrmia, stretching from Nova Gradiška to the confluence of the Drina river into the Sava.

Between 1929 and 1939, one of the provinces of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was known as the Croatian region Sava Banovina. The capital city of the province was Zagreb in Croatia. In 1939, Sava Banovina was merged with Littoral Banovina to form new Banovina of Croatia.

Today, one of the counties in Croatia is named Brod-Posavina County and one of the cantons in Bosnia and Herzegovina is named Posavina Canton.

The Bosnian Posavina region was gravely hit by the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992–95) to the point that parts of it had become uninhabited , as almost all the houses were plundered, burnt or destroyed. Only a small number of people have returned to their homes. The majority of refugees live in and around the city of Slavonski Brod, Croatia right across the Sava River, while a minority emigrated to the European Union countries, the United States, and Australia.

Cities and towns in Posavina

Cities and towns in Croatia:

Cities and towns in Bosnia and Herzegovina:

Cities and towns in Serbia:

See also

References
  1. International Sava River Basin Commission: Sava River Basin Analysis Report (2009)
  2. Gračanin 2006, p. 29-76.
  3. Daim 2019, p. 221-241.

Sources
  • Daim, Falko (2019). "The Longobards in Pannonia". Prima e dopo Alboino: sulle tracce dei Longobardi. Napoli: Guida. pp. 221–241.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Gračanin, Hrvoje (2006). "The Huns and South Pannonia". Byzantinoslavica. 64: 29–76.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Vasin, Dejana (2019). "Natural Conditions as a Factor of Urbanization of the Lower Posavina in the Middle Ages". Istraživanja: Journal of Historical Researches. 30: 45–68.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

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