Prince Wen
Prince Wen of the Second Rank, or simply Prince Wen, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1644–1912). As the Prince Wen peerage was not awarded "iron-cap" status, this meant that each successive bearer of the title would normally start off with a title downgraded by one rank vis-à-vis that held by his predecessor. However, the title would generally not be downgraded to any lower than a feng'en fuguo gong except under special circumstances.
| Prince Wen of the Second Rank | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 多羅溫郡王 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 多罗温郡王 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
The first bearer of the title was Mengguan (猛瓘; 1643–1674), Hooge's fifth son and a great-grandson of Nurhaci (the founder of the Qing dynasty). In 1657, Mengguan was granted the title "Prince Wen of the Second Rank" by the Shunzhi Emperor. The title was passed down over three generations and held by five persons.
Members of the Prince Wen peerage
- Mengguan (猛瓘; 1643 – 1674; 1st), Hooge's fifth son, held the title Prince Wen of the Second Rank from 1657 to 1674, posthumously honoured as Prince Wen Liang of the Second Rank (溫良郡王)
- 1 Foyonghui (佛永惠; 1667 – 1678; 2nd), held the title Prince Wen of the Second Rank from 1674 to 1678, posthumously honoured as Prince Wen Ai of the Second Rank (溫哀郡王), had no male heir
- 2 Yanshou (延綬; 1670 – 1715; 3rd), initially a second-rank prince from 1678 to 1698, demoted to beile from 1698 to 1715
- 1 Kuihui (揆惠; 1687 – 1734; 4th), held the title of a grace general from 1711 to 1715, promoted to grace bulwark duke from 1715 to 1723, stripped of his title in 1723
- 2 Kuiliang (揆良), held the title of a feng'en jiangjun from 1716 to 1742
- 3 Pulu (普祿), Kuiliang's third son, held the title of a grace general from 1742 to 1770
- 3 Yanxin (延信; 1673 – 1728; 5th), initially a third class supporter general from 1687 to 1721, promoted to lesser bulwark duke in 1721, promoted to beizi in 1723 and then to beile within the same year, his title in stripped 1728
- 1 Alina (阿里納; 1703 – 1728), Yanxin's eldest son
- 1 Tiangui (添貴; 1721 – 1765)
- 1 Zhulong'a (珠隆阿; 1749 – 1795), had not male heir. Xilin adopted as his son.
- 1 Tiangui (添貴; 1721 – 1765)
- 2 Kuiju (魁舉; 1707 – 1742)
- Yongquan (永全; 1724 – 1807)
- Ge'erbing'a (噶爾炳阿; 1760–1809)
- 2 Xilin (錫麟; born 1807), Ge'erbing'a's second son and Zhulong'a's adopted son
- 1 Guangyuan (廣元; born 1844),
- 2 Xilin (錫麟; born 1807), Ge'erbing'a's second son and Zhulong'a's adopted son
- Ge'erbing'a (噶爾炳阿; 1760–1809)
- Yongquan (永全; 1724 – 1807)
- 1 Alina (阿里納; 1703 – 1728), Yanxin's eldest son
Family tree
| adoption | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hooge 1609 – 1648 Prince Su Wu of the First Rank 1636 – 1648 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mengguan 1 猛瓘 1643 – 1674 Prince Wen Liang of the Second Rank 溫良郡王 1657 – 1674 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 1 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foyonghui 2 佛永惠 1667 – 1678 Prince Wen Ai of the Second Rank 溫哀郡王 1674 – 1678 | Yanshou 3 延綬 1670 – 1715 Beile 貝勒 1698 – 1715 | Yanxin 5 延信 1673 – 1728 Beile 貝勒 1723 – 1728 (title stripped) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kuihui 4 揆惠 1687 – 1734 Grace Bulwark Duke 奉恩輔國公 1715 – 1723 (title stripped) | Kuiliang 揆良 Grace General 奉恩將軍 1716 – 1742 | Alina 阿里納 (1703–1728) | Kuiju 魁舉 1707 – 1742 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pulu 普祿 Grace General 奉恩將軍 1742 – 1770 | Tiangui 添貴 1721 – 1765 | Yongquan 永全 1724 – 1807 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Zhulong'a 珠隆阿 1749 – 1795 | Ge'erbing'a 噶爾炳阿 1760 – 1809 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Xilin 錫麟 b. 1807– | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Guangyuan 廣元 b. 1844 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See also
References
- Zhao, Erxun (1928). Draft History of Qing (Qing Shi Gao). Volume 219. China.