Rochford

Rochford is a town in the Rochford district of Essex in the East of England. It is about 43 miles (69 km) from Central London and approximately 21 miles (34 km) from Chelmsford, the county town of Essex. According to the 2001 census the civil parish of Rochford, which includes the town proper, and London Southend Airport, had a population of 7,610, increasing to 8,471 at the 2011 Census.[1]

This article is about the town in the United Kingdom. For other uses, see Rochford (disambiguation).

Rochford

Town Square, Rochford
Rochford
Location within Essex
Population8,471 (2011 census)[1]
OS grid referenceTQ876904
Civil parish
  • Rochford
District
Shire county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townRochford
Postcode districtSS4
Dialling code01702
PoliceEssex
FireEssex
AmbulanceEast of England
UK Parliament

History

The town is the main settlement in the Rochford district, and takes its name from Rochefort, Old English for ‘Ford of the Hunting Dogs’. The River Roach was originally called the Walfleet (‘Creek of the foreigners’). It was renamed the Roach in what is known as a back formation. This is where it is assumed that Rochford means ford over the River Roach so they renamed the river to fit the theory. The town runs into suburban developments in the parishes of Ashingdon and Hawkwell. Kings Hill, in Rochford, was notable for containing the Lawless Court up until the 19th century.[2]

Peculiar People

In 1837 James Banyard (14 November 1800 – 1863)[3] (a reformed drunk and Wesleyan preacher) and William Bridges (1802–1874) took a lease on the old workhouse at Rochford, which became the first chapel of the Peculiar People, a name taken from Deuteronomy 14:2 and 1 Peter 2:9. The Peculiar People practised a lively form of worship bound by the literal interpretation of the King James Bible, banning both frivolity and medicine. During the two World Wars some were conscientious objectors, believing that war is contrary to the teachings of Jesus Christ. The Peculiar People are nowadays known as the Union of Evangelical Churches, and have two churches in London and thirteen in Essex.

James Banyard was buried in the graveyard of St Andrew's, Rochford.

First World War

Nearby Southend Airport started life as a grass fighter station in World War I.[4] The site was founded in the autumn of 1914 when farmland between Westbarrow Hall and the Great Eastern railway line at Warners Bridge 2 1⁄2 miles (4 km) north of Southend Pier was acquired for RFC training purposes. Training continued until May 1915 when the site, known also as Eastwood, was taken over by the RNAS to become a Station (night) in the fight against intruding Zeppelins.

Second World War

Southend Airport was opened on the site on 18 September 1935. As World War II approached it was requisitioned by the Air Ministry in August 1939[5] for use as a fighter airfield by No.11 Group RAF. RAF Rochford was a satellite station for RAF Hornchurch and was primarily a fighter base, home mainly to Supermarine Spitfire and Hawker Hurricane aircraft. Rochford airfield was accompanied by a radar base in Canewdon (around 4 miles (6.4 km) away). Due to the presence of the airfield Rochford was bombed a number of times during the war.

It was returned to civilian service on 31 December 1946.[6]

Lesneys

Until the early 1980s one of the largest employers in Rochford was the Lesneys factory, who manufactured the famous Matchbox miniature die cast models. However this factory closed in 1987.[7]

Geography
Aerial photo over Rochford. The old hospital boilerhouse can be seen.

The town is just to the north of Southend-on-Sea, but is sufficiently separated from both Southend and Rayleigh and continues to preserve its own identity.

Governance

The Member of Parliament for Rochford and Southend East is James Duddridge (Conservative). An electoral ward in the same name exists. At the 2011 Census this ward had a population of 7,695.[8]

Landmarks
Rochford Hall, Rochford

Rochford Hall is partly privately owned by a family which live within the building, along with the golf course who also own a part of it as their clubhouse. In 1525, Henry VIII awarded Thomas Boleyn the title of Viscount Rochford. Rochford Hall subsequently became the home of Mary Boleyn, sometime mistress of Henry VIII and (probably elder) sister of Queen Anne Boleyn, during Mary's second marriage to Sir William Stafford.

Leisure

Rochford Council are in partnership with Virgin Active in running Clements Hall Leisure Centre and Rayleigh Leisure Centre.

Sport

Rochford Hundred Rugby Club was formed in 1962 and as of 2019 play in London & South East Premier—level 5 of the English rugby union system.[9]

Rochford Town Football Club are a non-league side who play in the second division of the Essex Olympian Football League.

Transport

Rochford railway station from which trains run to Southend Victoria and to Liverpool Street station in the business district of central London. In consequence it has long been popular as a dormitory town for commuters. Southend Airport railway station on the eastern boundary of the airport, opened on 18 July 2011.

It also has bus links to the surrounding towns. The Number 7, 8 and 9 service going to both Rayleigh and Southend-on-Sea.

There are over twenty scheduled flight destinations within Europe available from London Southend Airport.

Rochford Hospital

Rochford Hospital used to be primarily the district maternity hospital. It was here, in 1956, that Sister J Ward made observations that led to the development of phototherapy for newborns suffering from jaundice.[10]

Rochford Hospital was officially opened on Thursday 7 May 2009 by Professor Louis Appleby.

Churches
St Andrew's Church, Rochford

St Andrew's Church, Rochford, is close to Rochford Hall, and is part of Rochford Deanery,[11] within the Bradwell Area[12] of the Church of England Diocese of Chelmsford.[13]

Rochford Congregational Church has been part of the local community since 1750. The Congregational Church also established the first Dissenting School in the area; When others were afraid of educating the children of the lower classes because they might prove a danger to the state, the church ensured that ordinary people had "a plain and useful education." [14]

Rochford Methodist Church, near the White Horse Public House. The Methodists have been in Rochford since 1822, originally meeting in a building where Market Alley turns into the Square. In 1841 they moved to a new building in North Street near Weir Pond Road, and in 1880 they moved to their current premises.[15]

Rochford Community Church was founded in 1987 and meets at The Freight House near the railway station.[16]

There is also a small Roman Catholic church in Rochford, St Teresa of the child Jesus.[17]

Notable people

References
  1. "Civil parish population 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 24 September 2015.
  2. Kenny, Courtney (1905). "The Lawless Court of Essex". Columbia Law Review. Columbia Law School. 5 (7): 529. doi:10.2307/1109762. ISSN 0010-1958.
  3. "A Very Peculiar Preacher - James Banyard".
  4. "London Southend Airport - Home".
  5. "UK Cold War.org.uk".
  6. http://www.southendairport.com/pages/history.htm southendairport.com
  7. "Franks Matchbox Lesney Page". Retrieved 16 November 2016.
  8. "Ward population 2011". Retrieved 24 September 2015.
  9. "Information Rochford Hundred Rugby Club". Retrieved 16 November 2016.
  10. http://amga.mediwire.com/main/Default.aspx?P=Content&ArticleID=165541
  11. "Rochford Deanery - Home".
  12. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 16 May 2008. Retrieved 3 June 2008.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  13. "Diocese of Chelmsford".
  14. http://www.rochford.cc
  15. "Rochford Methodist Church".
  16. "Rochford Community Church".
  17. "Rochford Church".
  18. Tremayne, David (21 November 2014). "Abu Dhabi Grand Prix 2014: Lewis Hamilton strikes key blow in battle of small margins". independent.co.uk. Retrieved 22 November 2014.
  • Rochford Historic Town Project Assessment Report
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