Shades of cyan

The color cyan, a greenish-blue, has notable tints and shades. It is one of the subtractive primary colors- cyan, magenta, and yellow.

Cyan
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#00FFFF
HSV       (h, s, v)(180°, 100%, 100%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(0, 255, 255)
SourceCSS Color Module Level 3
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

The first recorded use of cyan blue ("cyan blue" was the name used for the color "cyan" in the 19th century) as a color name was in 1879.[1]

Cyan in human culture

See Cyan in human culture in the main article on Cyan.

Wrapping the spectrum into a color wheel

In a color proximity sense, a primary color has a color range of 120° (60° on each side of the color's hue) and any color has to be within that range to be considered a variation of that color. Secondary colors have a color range of 60° (30°), tertiary colors have a color range of 30° (15°), quaternary colors have a color range of 15° (7.5°), quinary colors have a color range of 7.5° (3.75°), and so on. Because cyan is located at a hue angle of 180°, it has a tertiary color range of 165° and 195°, and any color out of this range is more related to spring green or azure than cyan.

Chartreuse as a tertiary color on the RGB color wheel
  blue
  azure
  cyan
  spring green
  green

If the visible spectrum is wrapped to form a color wheel, cyan (subtractive primary) appears midway between blue and green, or azure and spring green:

Visible spectrum wrapped to join blue and green in an additive mixture of cyan

Cyan in printing and the web colors cyan and aqua

Process cyan
Cyan (subtractive primary)
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#00B7EB
HSV       (h, s, v)(193°, 100%, 92[2]%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(0, 183, 235)
SourceCMYK[3]
ISCC–NBS descriptorBrilliant greenish blue
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
Cyan, magenta, and yellow are the three subtractive primary colors used in printing.

In color printing, the shade of cyan called process cyan or pigment cyan is one of the three primary pigment colors which, along with yellow and magenta, constitute the three subtractive primary colors of pigment. (The secondary colors of pigment are blue, green, and red.) As such, the CMYK printing process was invented in the 1890s, when newspapers began to publish color comic strips.

Process cyan is not an RGB color, and there is no fixed conversion from CMYK primaries to RGB. Different formulations are used for printer's ink, so there can be variations in the printed color that is pure cyan ink. A typical formulation of process cyan is shown in the color box at right. The source of the color shown at right is the color magenta that is shown in the diagram located at the bottom of the following website offering tintbooks for CMYK printing: .

The web color cyan (aqua)
Cyan (additive secondary)
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#00FFFF
HSV       (h, s, v)(180°, 100%, 100%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(0, 255, 255)
SourceX11
ISCC–NBS descriptorBrilliant bluish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
Red, green and blue lights, representing the three basic additive primary colors of the RGB color system, red, green, and blue. Cyan light is composed of equal amounts of green and blue light.

The web color cyan, shown at the right, is one of the three secondary colors in the RGB color model, used for creating all colors on a computer or television display by mixing various combinations of red, green and blue light. The X11 name for this color is cyan; the HTML name for the same color is aqua. They are both composed of the same mixture of blue and green light, and are exactly the same color.

Additional variations of cyan

Cyan mist
Cyan mist
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#F0FFFF
HSV       (h, s, v)(180°, 6%, 100%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(240, 255, 255)
SourceX11
ISCC–NBS descriptorVery pale green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

In an artistic context, this color could also be called azure mist or cyan mist.

Blue-green
Main article: Blue-green
Blue-green
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#0D98BA
HSV       (h, s, v)(192°, 93%, 72[4]%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(13, 152, 186)
SourceCrayola
ISCC–NBS descriptorStrong greenish blue
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Blue-green has been a Crayola color since 1930.

Caribbean Current
Caribbean Current
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#006D6F
HSV       (h, s, v)(181°, 100%, 44%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(0, 109, 111)
SourceBehr
ISCC–NBS descriptorModerate bluish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Displayed at right is the color Caribbean Current.

Celeste
Main article: Sky blue § Celeste
Celeste
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#B2FFFF
HSV       (h, s, v)(180°, 30%, 100%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(178, 255, 255)
SourceIl dizionario dei colori[5]
ISCC–NBS descriptorVery light bluish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

At right is displayed the color celeste.

Bleu celeste ("sky blue") is a rarely occurring tincture in heraldry (not being one of the seven main colors or metals or the three "staynard colors"). This tincture is sometimes also called ciel or simply celeste. It is depicted in a lighter shade than the range of shades of the more traditional tincture azure, which is the standard blue used in heraldry.[6] It has been used rarely since the 17th century,[7] gaining popularity after the First World War.

Charleston green
Charleston green
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#232B2B
HSV       (h, s, v)(180°, 19%, 17[8]%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(35, 43, 43)
SourceInternet (Duron Paints)
ISCC–NBS descriptorBlackish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Charleston green is an extremely dark shade of cyan. The color Charleston green originated after the American Civil War, approximately 1865, when during Reconstruction, it was widely used to paint homes in Charleston, South Carolina.

Dark cyan
Dark cyan
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#008B8B
HSV       (h, s, v)(180°, 100%, 54[9]%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(0, 139, 139)
SourceX11
ISCC–NBS descriptorStrong bluish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

At right is displayed the web color dark cyan.

Electric blue
Electric blue
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#7DF9FF
HSV       (h, s, v)(183°, 51%, 100%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(125, 249, 255)
Source[Unsourced]
ISCC–NBS descriptorBrilliant bluish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
Main article: Electric blue (color)

Electric blue (#7DF9FF)
#7DF9FF

Electric blue is a color close to cyan that is a representation of the color of lightning, an electric spark, and argon signs; it is named after the ionized air glow produced during electrical discharges.

The first recorded use of electric blue as a color name in English was in 1884.[10]

Keppel
Keppel
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#3AB09E
HSV       (h, s, v)(171°, 67%, 69[11]%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(58, 176, 158)
SourceXona.com Color List
ISCC–NBS descriptorBrilliant bluish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

At right is displayed the color keppel.

The color name keppel has been in use since 2001, when it was promulgated as one of the colors on the Xona.com Color List.

Light cyan
Light cyan
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#E0FFFF
HSV       (h, s, v)(180°, 97%, 97%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(224, 255, 255)
SourceX11
ISCC–NBS descriptorVery pale green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

At right is displayed the web color light cyan.

Light sea green
Light sea green
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#20B2AA
HSV       (h, s, v)(175°, 40%, 75%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(32, 178, 170)
SourceX11
ISCC–NBS descriptorBrilliant bluish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

At right is displayed the web color light sea green.

Midnight green
Midnight green
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#004C54
HSV       (h, s, v)(187.2°, 100%, 32.5%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(0, 76, 84)
SourceColorhexa,[12] the Philadelphia Eagles 2017 Media Guide[13]
ISCC–NBS descriptorDark bluish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Midnight green (sometimes also called Eagle green) is a dark cyan.[14]

Philadelphia Eagles players wearing the midnight-green uniforms in a game against Washington during the 2006 NFL season

It has been the primary team color for the National Football League (NFL)'s Philadelphia Eagles since 1996.[15][16]

In 2019, Apple added the color to the iPhone 11 Pro Series.

Moonstone
Moonstone
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#3AA8C1
HSV       (h, s, v)(191°, 54%, 49%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(58, 168, 193)
SourceCrayola
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Displayed at right is the color moonstone.

A moonstone

It was formulated by Crayola in 1994 as part of their Gem Tones range of crayons. It is a slightly dark shade of cyan that is reminiscent of the bluish-green glow of some moonstones.

Robin egg blue
Main article: Robin egg blue
Robin egg blue
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#00CCCC
HSV       (h, s, v)(180°, 100%, 80%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(0, 204, 204)
SourceCrayola
ISCC–NBS descriptorBrilliant bluish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

The color robin egg blue is displayed at right.

Robin eggs in a nest

The first recorded use of robin's egg blue as a color name in English was in 1873.[17]

Sky blue (Crayola)
Sky blue (Crayola)
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#80DAEB
HSV       (h, s, v)(190°, 46%, 92[18]%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(128, 218, 235)
SourceCrayola
ISCC–NBS descriptorVery light greenish blue
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Displayed at right is the color medium sky blue. This is the color that is called sky blue in Crayola crayons. This color was formulated by Crayola in 1958. "Sky blue" appears in the 32, 48, 64, 96 and 120 packs of crayons.

Teal
Main article: Teal
Teal
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#008080
HSV       (h, s, v)(180°, 100%, 50[19]%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(0, 128, 128)
SourceHTML/CSS[20]
ISCC–NBS descriptorModerate bluish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
Eurasian teal

At right is displayed the web color teal. The first recorded use of teal as a color name in English was in 1917.[21]

Tiffany Blue
Main article: Tiffany Blue
Tiffany Blue
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#81D8D0
HSV       (h, s, v)(174°, 40%, 85%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(129, 216, 208)
SourceTiffany.comnot specific enough to verify]
ISCC–NBS descriptorVery light bluish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Tiffany Blue is the colloquial name for the light medium robin egg blue color associated with Tiffany & Co., the New York City jewelry company. The color was used on the cover of Tiffany's Blue Book, first published in 1845.[22] Since then Tiffany & Co. has used the color extensively on promotional materials, including boxes and bags. The Tiffany Blue color is protected as a color trademark by Tiffany & Co. in some jurisdictions including the U.S.[23][24]

Turquoise
Main article: Turquoise (color)
Turquoise
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#40E0D0
HSV       (h, s, v)(174°, 71%, 88[25]%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(64, 224, 208)
SourceX11
ISCC–NBS descriptorBrilliant bluish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

At right is displayed the X11 color named turquoise.

Turquoise is the name of a greenish blue color, based on the gem of the same name. The word turquoise comes from the French for Turkish, as the gem was originally imported from Turkey.[26][27]

Polished turquoise stones

The first recorded use of turquoise as a color name in English was in 1573.[28] Perhaps owing to sharing its name with a mineral, turquoise is currently a more common term in English than other cyan-like colors.[29]

Verdigris
Main article: Verdigris
Verdigris
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#43B3AE
HSV       (h, s, v)(177°, 46%, 48%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(67, 179, 174)
Sourcehttps://encycolorpedia.com/43b3ae
ISCC–NBS descriptorBrilliant bluish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
Verdigris

Verdigris is the common name for a green pigment obtained through the application of acetic acid to copper plates[30] or the natural patina formed when copper, brass or bronze is weathered and exposed to air or seawater over a period of time. The name verdigris comes from the Middle English vertegrez, from the Old French verte grez, an alteration of vert-de-Grèce ("green of Greece"). Used as a pigment in paintings and other art objects (as green color) since ancient Greece, it was originally made by hanging copper plates over hot vinegar in a sealed pot until a green crust formed on the copper. The vivid green color of copper(II) acetate made this form of verdigris a much used pigment. Until the 19th century, verdigris was the most vibrant green pigment available and was frequently used in painting. Verdigris was sometimes used to illustrate cyan colors in early color wheels.[31]

Zomp
Zomp
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#39A78D
HSV       (h, s, v)(166°, 66%, 66[32]%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(57, 167, 141)
SourceResene
ISCC–NBS descriptorBrilliant green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Displayed at right is the color zomp.

Zomp is one of the colors on the Resene Color List, a color list widely popular in Australia and New Zealand. The color "zomp" was formulated in 2007.

Skobeloff
Skobeloff
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#007A74
HSV       (h, s, v)(177°, 100%, 48[33]%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(0, 122, 116)
SourceISCC-NBS
ISCC–NBS descriptorModerate bluish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

At right is displayed the color Skobeloff green.

The first recorded use of Skobeloff green as a color name in English was in 1912.[34]

Myrtle green
Myrtle green
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#317873
HSV       (h, s, v)(176°, 59%, 47%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(49, 120, 115)
SourceISCC-NBS[35][36]
ISCC–NBS descriptorModerate bluish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Myrtle green, also called myrtle, is a color which is a representation of the color of the leaves of the myrtle plant.

Aniseed myrtle

The first recorded use of myrtle green as a color name in English was in 1835.[37]

Myrtle is the official designation of the green stripes on Waterloo rugby club's shirts, the green of Hunslet rugby league club, the green (along with the cardinal red) stripes of the South Sydney Rabbitohs and the green of the blazers, sports kit and scarf of St. Aloysius' College, Glasgow. It is also one of the school colors of Lane Technical College Prep High School in Chicago, the other being old gold.

The baggy green, the cricket cap worn by Australian Test cricketers since around the turn of the twentieth century, is myrtle green in color.

Pine green
Main article: Spring green § Pine green
Pine green
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#01796F
HSV       (h, s, v)(175°, 99%, 47%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(1, 121, 111)
SourceCrayola
ISCC–NBS descriptorModerate bluish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Pine green is a rich shade of spring green that resembles the color of pine trees. It is an official Crayola color (since 1903).

A small pine tree

Pine green is a rich dark shade of spring green that resembles the color of pine trees. It is an official Crayola color (since 1903) that is this exact shade in the Crayola crayon, but in the markers, it is known as crocodile green.

Pine tree in Bhutan

The color pine green is a representation of the average color of the leaves of the trees of a coniferous forest. The color pine green was originally known as pine tree. The first recorded use of pine tree as a color name in English was in 1923.[38]

The first recorded use of pine tree as a color name in English was in 1923.[39]

Midnight green
Main article: Midnight green
Midnight green
 
    Color coordinates
Hex triplet#004953
HSV       (h, s, v)(187°, 100%, 33%)
sRGBB  (r, g, b)(0, 73, 83)
Source[40]
ISCC–NBS descriptorDark bluish green
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)

Midnight green (sometimes called Eagle green) is the official primary color of the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League.

See also

References
  1. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill page 194
  2. Using HSL color space#Conversion from RGB to HSL or HSV, v=247/255
  3. Tintbooks - Get Accurate CMYK Color Results For Your Printing Projects CMYK color tintbook:
  4. web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #0D98BA (Blue-Green):
  5. S. Fantetti; C. Petracchi (2001). Il dizionario dei colori: nomi e valori in quadricromia. Bologna: Zanichelli. ISBN 88-08-07995-3.
  6. Scott-Giles, C. W. (1958). Boutell's Heraldry (rev. ed.). London & New York: Frederick Warne & Co.
  7. http://www.modaruniversity.org/Newcomer-Packet-11-Heraldry.pdf
  8. web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #232B2B (Charleston Green):
  9. web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code #008B8B (Dark Cyan):
  10. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill, p.194; Color Sample of Electric Blue [fabric 1890s]: Page 97 Plate 37 Color Sample I7
  11. web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code #3AB09E (Kepple):
  12. "#004C54 Color Information". colorhexa.com. Retrieved December 12, 2018.
  13. "Team Information" (PDF). 2017 Philadelphia Eagles Media Guide. NFL Enterprises, LLC. September 26, 2017. Retrieved November 29, 2020.
  14. "Midnight Green Eagle Green". arteqo.com. Retrieved December 12, 2018.
  15. Benjamin, Cody (March 20, 2018). "Why do the Eagles' green jerseys look so different than they did a few years ago?". BleedingGreenNation.com. SB Nation. Retrieved December 12, 2018.
  16. "National Football League: Franchise Records (1920 through present)". TruColor.net. November 21, 2017. Retrieved March 11, 2019.
  17. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 203; Color Sample of Robin's Egg Blue Page 77 Plate 27 Color Sample H3
  18. web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #80DAEB (Medium Sky Blue):
  19. Web.forret.com, Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #008080 (Teal):
  20. W3.org, W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, HTML4 color keywords
  21. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 205; color sample of Teal: Page 101 Plate 39 Color Sample L7
  22. About Tiffany & Co.: Tiffany Blue
  23. Seeing The Future In All Its Hues - New York Times
  24. Brief of Amicus Curiae Tiffany (NJ) LLC (2011, p. 8-9)
  25. web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color 40E0D0 (Turquoise):
  26. "Turquoise:turquoise mineral information and data". mindat.org. Retrieved 2006-10-04.
  27. http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/turquoise.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy
  28. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York: 1930 McGraw-Hill Page 206; Color Sample of Turquoise [green]: Page 73 Plate 25 Color Sample I5
  29. "Google Ngram Viewer".
  30. "Verdigris" Oxford English Dictionary
  31. https://archive.org/details/principlesscien00bensgoog Principles in the Science of Colour Concisely Stated by William Benson, 1868
  32. web.Forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to color #39A78E (Zomp):
  33. web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code #007A74 (Skobeloff):
  34. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 204; Color Sample of Skobeloff: Page 73 Plate 25 Color Sample K9
  36. Color sample #164 on the ISCC-NBS color list is that tone of myrtle green which matches the color sample of myrtle green in the 1930 book A Dictionary of Color by Maerz and Paul (see color sample of Myrtle Green on Page 85 Plate 31 Color Sample L1).
  37. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 199; Color Sample of Myrtle Green: Page 85 Plate 31 Color Sample L1
  38. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 190; Color Sample of Pine Tree: Page 85 Plate 31 Color Sample L6
  39. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 190; Color Sample of Pine Tree: Page 85 Plate 31 Color Sample L6
  40. "Team Colors – NFL". Ssur.org. Archived from the original on 2012-03-16. Retrieved 2011-06-13.

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