Street Fighter
Street Fighter (Japanese: ストリートファイター, Hepburn: Sutorīto Faitā), commonly abbreviated as SF or スト (Suto), is a Japanese fighting video game franchise developed and published by Capcom. The first game in the series was released in 1987, followed by five other main series games, various spin-offs and crossovers and numerous appearances in various other media. Its best-selling 1991 release Street Fighter II is credited with establishing many of the conventions of the one-on-one fighting genre.
Street Fighter is one of the highest-grossing video game franchises of all time and serves as one of Capcom's flagship series with total sales of 45 million units worldwide as of December 31, 2019.[2] It is also the highest-grossing media franchise of all time based on a fighting game at $12.2 billion.
History
Video games
Street Fighter (1987)
Street Fighter, designed by Takashi Nishiyama and Hiroshi Matsumoto, debuted in arcades in 1987.[3][4] In this game, the player plays as martial artist Ryu, who competes in a worldwide martial arts tournament spanning five countries and 10 opponents. A second player can join in and plays as Ryu's American rival, Ken. The player can perform three punch and kick attacks, each varying in speed and strength and three special attacks: the Hadouken, Shoryuken and Tatsumaki Senpukyaku, performed by executing special joystick and button combinations.[5]
Street Fighter was ported to many popular home computer systems of the time, like the PC. In 1987, it was released on the NEC Avenue TurboGrafx-CD console as Fighting Street.[6] Street Fighter was later included in Capcom Classics Collection: Remixed for the PlayStation Portable and Capcom Classics Collection Vol. 2 for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox. Most recently, a port was included in the Street Fighter 30th Anniversary Collection for Eighth Generation consoles and Windows.
Street Fighter II (1991)
Street Fighter II: The World Warrior released in 1991 following an unsuccessful attempt to brand the 1989 beat 'em up game Final Fight as the Street Fighter sequel. It was one of the earliest arcade games for Capcom's CP System hardware and was designed by Akira Nishitani and Akira Yasuda, who also made Final Fight and Forgotten Worlds.[7]
Street Fighter II was the first one-on-one fighting game to give players a choice from a variety of player characters with different moves, allowing for more varied matches. Each player character had a unique fighting style with approximately 30 or more moves, including then-new grappling moves and throws, as well as two or three special attacks. In the single-player mode, the player character is pitted sequentially against the seven other main characters before confronting the final four boss opponents, who consist of CPU-controlled characters not selectable by the player. As in the original, a second player could join in at any point during single player mode and compete against the other player in competitive matches.
The original Japanese version of Street Fighter II introduced an African-American boxer boss character that shared the physical characteristics and likeness of real-life boxer Mike Tyson. To avoid a likeness infringement lawsuit, Capcom rotated the names of three of the boss characters for international versions of the game.[8] The final boss, named Vega in the Japanese version, was given the M. Bison name, the talon-wielding Spanish warrior, named Balrog in the Japanese version, was renamed Vega and the boxer became Balrog.
Street Fighter II eclipsed its predecessor in popularity, eventually turning Street Fighter into a multimedia franchise.[9] The release of the game had an unexpected impact on gaming and was the beginning of a massive phenomenon. Various versions of the game grossed over $10 billion in inflation-adjusted revenue (2017), mostly from arcades,[10] as well as from console ports which sold more than 14 million cartridges for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System (Super NES) and Sega Genesis/Mega Drive.[11]
The first official update to the series was Street Fighter II: Champion Edition, pronounced Street Fighter II Dash in Japan, as noted by the prime notation on the logo. In this game, players can play as the four computer-controlled boss characters and two players can choose the same character, leaving one character with an alternate color pattern. The game also features slightly improved graphics, including differently colored backgrounds and refined gameplay. A second upgrade, Street Fighter II' Turbo: Hyper Fighting (Street Fighter II Dash Turbo in Japan), was produced in response to the various bootleg editions of the game. Hyper Fighting offers faster gameplay than its predecessors, different character costume colors and new special techniques. Super Street Fighter II: The New Challengers, the third revision, gives the game a complete graphical and musical overhaul and introduces four new playable characters. It is also the first game for Capcom's CP System II arcade hardware. The fifth arcade installment, Super Street Fighter II Turbo, Super Street Fighter II X in Japan, brings back the faster gameplay of Hyper Fighting, a new type of special techniques known as "Super Combos" and a hidden character, Akuma.
Numerous home versions of the Street Fighter II games have been produced following the release of the original game. The original version, Street Fighter II: The World Warrior, was ported to the Super NES in 1992. As of 2008, the original Super NES game is still Capcom's best-selling game.[11] It was followed by a Japanese-only port of Street Fighter II Dash for the PC Engine in 1993. That year, Hyper Fighting received two different home versions as well: a Super NES version, Street Fighter II Turbo, and Genesis counterpart, Street Fighter II: Special Champion Edition (Street Fighter II Dash Plus in Japan). The following game, Super Street Fighter II, was also ported to the Super NES and Genesis in 1994. That same year, Super Street Fighter II Turbo was released for the 3DO Interactive Multiplayer and also appeared in a PC version for Windows, released by the now-defunct GameTek.
In 1997, Capcom released the Street Fighter Collection for the PlayStation and Sega Saturn. This is a compilation that includes Super and Super Turbo as well as Street Fighter Alpha 2 Gold (Street Fighter Zero 2′ (Dash) in Japan), an updated version of Street Fighter Alpha 2. It was followed by Street Fighter Collection 2 (Capcom Generation Vol. 5 in Japan), also released for the PlayStation and Saturn, which includes the original Street Fighter II, Champion Edition, and Hyper Fighting. In 2000, Capcom released Super Street Fighter II X for Matching Service exclusively in Japan for the Dreamcast. This version of the game features an online two-player versus mode. In 2003, Capcom released Hyper Street Fighter II: The Anniversary Edition for the arcades in Japan and Asia to commemorate the 15th anniversary of the series. As the final arcade installment, the game is a hybrid version of Super Turbo, which allows players to select between versions of characters from all five previous Street Fighter II games. Hyper was released in North America and the PAL region via its ports for the PlayStation 2 and the Xbox, released as part of the Street Fighter Anniversary Collection along with Street Fighter III: 3rd Strike. In 2005, the three games in Street Fighter Collection 2 were included in Capcom Classics Collection Vol. 1 for PlayStation 2 and Xbox. A version of Super Turbo, along with the original Street Fighter, was later included in the 2007 compilation Capcom Classics Collection Vol. 2, also released for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox. Street Fighter II and Super Street Fighter II are also available as downloadable games for select cellular phone services.
An updated version of Super Street Fighter II Turbo came to the PlayStation Network and Xbox Live Arcade services in 2008.[12] The game, Super Street Fighter II Turbo HD Remix, has fully redrawn artwork, including HD sprites 4.5x the original size, drawn by artists from UDON. This is the first time the Street Fighter characters have had new sprites, drawn by Capcom, since Capcom vs. SNK 2 in 2001. The game has several changes which address character balancing issues, but also features the original arcade version gameplay so that players can choose between the two.[13]
Ultra Street Fighter II: The Final Challengers is an updated version of 1994's Super Street Fighter II Turbo for the Nintendo Switch. The game features two graphical styles—classic pixel art and updated high-definition art. New gameplay mechanics and modes have been introduced and tweaks have been made to the game's balance. This game also featured two more characters, who were classic alternate evil form of the classic characters Ryu and Ken, Evil Ryu and Violent Ken, while Akuma is now a regular playable character.
Street Fighter Alpha (1995)
Street Fighter Alpha: Warriors' Dreams (Street Fighter Zero in Asia), is the next game in the series. The game uses the same character's designs Capcom previously employed in Darkstalkers and X-Men: Children of the Atom, with settings and character designs heavily influenced by Street Fighter II: The Animated Movie. Alpha expands on the Super Combo system from Super Turbo by extending Super Combo meter into three levels, allowing for super combos to be stored up and introducing Alpha Counters and Chain Combos, also from Darkstalkers. The plot of Alpha is set between the first two Street Fighter games and fleshes out the backstories and grudges held by many of the classic Street Fighter II characters.[14] It features a playable roster of ten immediately playable characters and three unlockable fighters, comprising not only younger versions of established characters, but also characters from the original Street Fighter and Final Fight, such as Adon and Guy.
Street Fighter Alpha 2 features all-new stages, music, and endings for some characters, some of which overlap with those from the original Alpha.[15] It also discards the Chain Combo system in favor of Custom Combos, which requires a portion of the Super Combo meter to be used. Alpha 2 retains all 13 characters from the original and adds five new characters to the roster along with hidden versions of returning characters. Alpha 2 is followed by a slightly enhanced arcade release, Street Fighter Zero 2 Alpha, released in Japan and Brazil, ported to home consoles as Street Fighter Alpha 2 Gold and Zero 2′ Dash in Japan.
The third and final Alpha game, Street Fighter Alpha 3, was released in 1998 following the release of the original Street Fighter III: 2nd Impact and Street Fighter EX. Alpha 3 introduces three selectable fighting styles and further expands the playable roster to 28 characters.[16] Console versions of the three games, including the original Alpha 2 and the aforementioned Alpha 2 Gold, were released for the PlayStation and Sega Saturn, although versions of specific games in the series were also released for the Game Boy Color, Super NES, Dreamcast and Windows. The home console versions of Alpha 3 further expands the character roster by adding the remaining "New Challengers" from Super Street Fighter II. The Dreamcast version of the game was backported to the arcades in Japan as Street Fighter Zero 3 Upper. A version of Upper, titled Alpha 3 outside Japan, was released for the Game Boy Advance and added three characters from Capcom vs. SNK 2. A PlayStation Portable version, Alpha 3 MAX, or Zero 3 Double Upper in Japan, contains the added characters from the GBA version and Ingrid from Capcom Fighting Jam.
Street Fighter EX (1996)
In 1996, Capcom co-produced a 3D fighting game Street Fighter EX with Arika, a company founded by Street Fighter II planner Akira Nishitani. It was developed for the PlayStation-based ZN-1 hardware. EX combined the established Street Fighter cast with original characters created and owned by Arika. It was followed by an upgraded version, Street Fighter EX Plus, in 1997, which expanded the character roster. A home version with additional features and characters, Street Fighter EX Plus Alpha, was released for the PlayStation during the same year.
A sequel was released in 1998, Street Fighter EX2, developed for the ZN-2 hardware. Custom combos were reintroduced and the character roster was expanded upon even further. In 1999, EX2 also received an upgraded version, Street Fighter EX2 Plus. A port of EX2 Plus was released for the PlayStation in 1999.
The third game in the series, Street Fighter EX3, was released as a launch game for the PlayStation 2 in 2000. This game included a tag team system, a mode that let a single player fight up to three opponents simultaneously, and another mode that allowed players to give the new character, Ace, a selection of special and super moves after purchasing them with experience points. The cast included many characters from the previous game.
Some of the Arika-owned characters from the series were later featured in other games developed by the company. The Namco-distributed arcade game Fighting Layer featured Allen Snider and Blair Dame from the original EX, while Skullomania would reappear in the PlayStation game Fighter Maker. A spiritual successor to Fighting Layer, featuring an initial roster consisting entirely of Arika-owned EX characters, Fighting EX Layer, was released in 2018.[17]
Crossover series (1996)
Capcom has also produced fighting games involving licensed characters from other companies and their own properties. In 1994, Capcom released the Marvel-licensed fighting game X-Men: Children of the Atom, which featured Akuma from Super Turbo as a hidden character. It was followed by Marvel Super Heroes in 1995, which featured Anita from Night Warriors.
Capcom would release a third Marvel-licensed game, X-Men vs. Street Fighter, in 1996, a full-fledged crossover between characters from X-Men and the Street Fighter Alpha games that featured a two-on-two tag team-based system. It was followed by Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter in 1997, which expanded the roster to include characters from Marvel Super Heroes; Marvel vs. Capcom in 1998, which featured not only Street Fighter characters, but also characters from other Capcom properties; and Marvel vs. Capcom 2 in 2000, which was produced from the Dreamcast-based NAOMI hardware.
Capcom also produced a series of similar crossover fighting games with rival fighting game developer SNK Playmore. The games, produced by Capcom, include Capcom vs. SNK in 2000, which features characters primarily from the Street Fighter and King of Fighters series. It was followed by a minor upgrade, Capcom vs. SNK Pro, and a sequel, Capcom vs. SNK 2, both released in 2001. All three games were produced for the NAOMI hardware as well. The SNK-produced fighting games of this crossover include the Dimps-developed portable fighting game SNK vs. Capcom: The Match of the Millennium for the Neo Geo Pocket Color in 1999 and SNK vs. Capcom: SVC Chaos for the Neo Geo in 2003.
From 2003 to 2008, the Versus series of Capcom fighting games saw no new releases, though Capcom and Namco produced the crossover tactical role-playing game Namco × Capcom for the PlayStation 2 exclusively in Japan in 2005. Ryu and Ken are also among the characters playable in 2012's Project X Zone, a tactical role-playing game that draws characters from various Sega, Namco-Bandai, and Capcom franchises.
Tatsunoko vs. Capcom: Cross Generation of Heroes, released in 2008, features characters from both Tatsunoko Production and Capcom properties, including Street Fighter characters Ryu, Chun-Li, and Alex as well as characters like Ken the Eagle of Gatchaman and Casshern of Neo-Human Casshern on Tatsunoko's side. Initially released only in Japan, the game received an updated international release, Tatsunoko vs. Capcom: Ultimate All-Stars, in 2010 in response to fan demand.
Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds was released in 2011 and includes Akuma, Chun-Li, Crimson Viper, and Ryu. The game features completely new visuals and audio, three-on-three gameplay, and online play. The game was also intended to have downloadable content, but the content was disrupted due to an earthquake and tsunami in Tōhoku and was released along with additional new content in a separate game, Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3.
Street Fighter X Tekken was released in 2012, featuring over 50 playable characters from both the Street Fighter and Tekken fighting franchises. While Street Fighter X Tekken was developed by Capcom, Namco is currently developing their own crossover game, Tekken X Street Fighter.[18] Additionally, Akuma made a guest appearance in Tekken 7.[19]
Street Fighter X Mega Man is an all-star (not to be confused with crossovers) platform game that was originally supposed to be a fan game developed by Seow Zong Hui, but Capcom distributed and released the game for the PC in 2012. Based on the classic Mega Man games, the free game has players control Mega Man as he battles against various Street Fighter characters and obtain their techniques.
Marvel vs. Capcom: Infinite was released in 2017. Infinite features two-on-two fights, as opposed to the three-on-three format used in its preceding games. The series' traditional character assists have been removed; instead, the game incorporates a tag-based combo system, which allows players to instantly switch between their two characters to form continuous combos. It also introduces a new gameplay mechanic in the form of the Infinity Stones, which temporarily bestow players with unique abilities and stat boosts depending on the type of stone selected.
Beyond Street Fighter, Capcom franchises have had guest appearances in the 2014 Nintendo crossover-fighting games Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and Wii U, with protagonist Ryu appearing[20] alongside fellow Capcom representative Mega Man. The Street Fighter content was released as extra in-game downloadable content in 2015 and includes Ryu and Suzaku Castle, a stage inspired by Ryu's stage from the Street Fighter II series. Ryu returned in the following game, Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, with Ken joining the roster as his Echo Fighter.
Street Fighter III (1997)
Street Fighter III: New Generation made its debut in the arcades on the CPS3 hardware in 1997.[21] Street Fighter III discards most of the character roster from previous games, keeping only Ryu and Ken, introducing several new characters in their place. The most notable of these is the grappler Alex, who was designed to be the new lead character of the game, and Gill, who replaced Bison as the game's main antagonist. Street Fighter III introduced the "Super Arts" selection system and the ability to parry an opponent's attack.[22]
Several months after Street Fighter III: New Generation's release, it was followed by Street Fighter III: 2nd Impact, which made adjustments to the gameplay, added two new characters, and featured the return of Akuma as a playable character. Street Fighter III: 3rd Strike, released in 1999 as the third and last iteration of Street Fighter III, brings back Chun-Li and adds four new characters.
The first two Street Fighter III games were ported to the Dreamcast as a compilation, Double Impact. Ports of 3rd Strike were released for the Dreamcast as a standalone game, then included in the compilation Street Fighter Anniversary Collection for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox. Gill also became a playable secret character in the console versions. In 2010, Capcom announced Street Fighter III Third Strike: Online Edition.[23]
Street Fighter IV (2008)
The original Street Fighter IV game concept, Street Fighter IV Flashback, never made it past the proposal stage.[24] In 2007, more than eight years since the release of Street Fighter III 3rd Strike for the arcades, Capcom unveiled Street Fighter IV at a Capcom Gamers Day event in London. Conceived as a direct sequel to the early Street Fighter II games (particularly Super Street Fighter II Turbo), Street Fighter IV features the return of the original twelve world warriors and recurring hidden character Akuma, along with four new characters (as well as a new boss character) in a storyline chronologically set between Street Fighter II and Street Fighter III. The gameplay, while still 2D, features cel-shaded 3D graphics inspired by Japanese sumi-e paintings. The Super Combo system, a Street Fighter mainstay since Super Turbo, returns along with new counter-attacking techniques called "Focus Attacks" ("Saving Attacks" in Japan), as well as new "Ultra Combo" moves, similar to the Rage Gauge seen in games from SNK Playmore.
The arcade version, which runs on the Taito Type X2 hardware, was distributed in Japan in 2008, with a limited release in North America and the United Kingdom. A home version was released in 2009 for the PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, and Windows PC. This features an expanded character roster, as well as all-new animated segments that show each character's backstory, and a training mode similar to the Expert Challenges in Street Fighter EX. The cast includes six characters new to the Street Fighter series.
Super Street Fighter IV includes ten additional characters including two characters new to the franchise: Juri and Hakan. Capcom implemented character balance adjustments and added second Ultra moves for each character. The game features an improved online experience with new modes of play. The game was released in 2010 for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 at a discounted price point.[25] A portable conversion of Super Street Fighter IV for the Nintendo 3DS, Super Street Fighter IV: 3D Edition, features 3D stereoscopic technology, multiplayer, and all 35 characters from the original Super Street Fighter IV release.[26] Super Street Fighter IV: Arcade Edition was released in 2010, containing all of the content from the console release, and featuring four additional characters: Yun and Yang from Street Fighter III, as well as Evil Ryu and Oni, an alternate version of Ryu and Akuma, respectively.[27]
A new update for Street Fighter IV, Ultra Street Fighter IV, was released in 2014 as an arcade game, a DLC add-on for existing console versions of Super Street Fighter IV, and as a standalone game containing DLC from previous iterations. Along with various tweaks and additional modes and stages, the update adds five additional characters, consisting of Rolento, Elena, Poison and Hugo, who previously appeared in Street Fighter x Tekken, plus an all-new character, Decapre.[28] The game arrived on next generation consoles with a PlayStation 4 version releasing in 2015.[29]
Street Fighter V (2016)
Street Fighter V was released exclusive to the PlayStation 4 and PC,[30] enabling cross platform gameplay,[31][32] in 2016 with a roster of 16 characters including Ryu, Ken, and Chun-Li.[33] In 2018, the game received a major update, Street Fighter V: Arcade Edition and in 2020, Street Fighter V: Champion Edition was released as downloadable content. Over the years the game has seen the several characters added. At the start of 2021, the game has 40 playable characters.
Other games
Various other games based on the Street Fighter franchise have been produced.
- The 1990 platforming game Street Fighter 2010: The Final Fight is a non-canon loose sequel for the NES in which a retired Ken (originally Kevin Striker, a cyborg police officer) becomes a scientist fighting to avenge the death of a friend in a futuristic interplanetary adventure.
- Two video games based on the live-action Street Fighter movie were released in 1995; one for arcades, the other for PlayStation and Sega Saturn. The game retains the fighting style of the main series, but uses digitized character sprites similar to games such as Mortal Kombat.
- Super Puzzle Fighter II Turbo is a puzzle game released in 1996, which features super deformed characters from the Street Fighter and Darkstalkers series fighting against each other by matching colored gems.
- Super Puzzle Fighter II Turbo's art style was later re-used in 1997's Super Gem Fighter Mini Mix, which is a more lighthearted take on the main fighting games featuring simpler commands.
- Street Fighter Anniversary Collection is a 2004 compilation of two games released between the years 1991 to 1999 in the form of Hyper Street Fighter II: the Anniversary Edition (a game that allows players to choose variations of characters from SFII to Super SFII Turbo) and Street Fighter III: 3rd Strike (the third and final installment of Street Fighter III) that originates from the Dreamcast but ported to PlayStation 2 and Xbox.
- Street Fighter 30th Anniversary Collection is a 2018 compilation of 12 games in arcade perfect form (Street Fighter III: 3rd Strike) released for PlayStation 4, Xbox One, Steam, and Nintendo Switch.
Other media
Animation
- The first animation based on the Street Fighter franchise was an unofficial animation released in South Korea in 1992, Street Fighter (Hangul: 거리의 무법자; RR: Geori-eui Mubeopja). It follows the characters Soryong and Saeng as they travel into the world of Street Fighter to defeat M. Bison. The film was produced and animated by Daiwon Animation, and directed by Sang Il Sim. The film features unlicensed cameos from other franchises, including April O'Neil, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Dracula and Frankenstein's monster. Although the film is largely unheard of since it was never officially released outside of South Korea.[34]
- An anime film Street Fighter II: The Animated Movie by Group TAC was released theatrically in Japan in 1994. The English adaptation, produced by Manga Entertainment, was released on home video in 1995.
- Group TAC also produced an animated TV series Street Fighter II V, which first aired on Yomiuri TV in 1995, and a two-episode original video animation (OVA) series, Street Fighter Alpha: The Movie, which was released in 1999. English adaptations of both productions were produced by Manga Entertainment as well, though ADV Films did produce an early English adaptation of Street Fighter II V for the UK in the 1990s.
- An American-produced animated television series based on the games, Street Fighter, was produced by InVision Entertainment and aired in North America between 1995 and 1997. The series focused on Guile as he leads a group of "Street Fighters" to battle against Bison and his minions.
- A second OVA based on Street Fighter Alpha, Street Fighter Alpha: Generations, was produced specifically for the English market by Studio A.P.P.P. in 2005.
- With the publication of the Street Fighter II manga complete edition, a short educational animation film Street Fighter: Return to the Fujiwara Capital (Street Fighter Yomigaeru Fujiwara-Kyou) was also released in 2004. In it, Ryu, Ken, Chun-Li and E.Honda travel back through time and learn about Japanese history. This film contains no battle scenes and was released only in Japan, originally on video in 1996, then re-released on DVD.
- OVA Street Fighter IV: The Ties That Bind was released by Studio 4 °C in 2009. Street Fighter IV: The Ties That Bind is an animated movie directed by Jirō Kanai that was featured in a bonus disc included in the Collector's Edition of Street Fighter IV for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360.[35] The film adaptation was part of Capcom's multi-platform launch for 2008 that also launched video games and a potential TV series in 2008.[36]
- In Asia, a downloadable voucher for a Super Street Fighter IV movie featuring Juri was given in the Collector's Edition of the Xbox 360 version. The 35-minute feature serves as an origin story to Juri and a canonical precursor to the game. Although having been fully dubbed in English, the film was not released outside of Asia until its inclusion as part of the Street Fighter 25th Anniversary Collector's Set in 2012.[37]
- There are four original animated trailers for Street Fighter IV that serve as prequels for its storyline.
- The 2012 animated film Wreck-It Ralph (featuring sentient video game characters inhabiting an arcade's electrical system) includes, in some brief scenes, Street Fighter and characters from the series.
- The 2018 film Ready Player One (film) by Steven Spielberg includes cameos of multiple animated Street Fighter characters, serving as avatars for humans inhabiting a virtual reality environment.[38]
Live-action
- An American-produced live-action film, Street Fighter, was released in 1994, starring Jean-Claude Van Damme as Guile, this version's main character, opposite the late Raúl Juliá as General M. Bison and Kylie Minogue as Cammy. This film inspired an arcade game and console game both titled Street Fighter: The Movie. The film also inspired an American-produced animated TV series Street Fighter, which lasted two seasons with 13 episodes each from 1995 to 1997.
- In 2006, Hyde Park Entertainment and Capcom announced its intention to produce a film adaptation of the game series in a joint venture, with the storyline to focus on the Street Fighter character Chun-Li. Screenwriter Justin Marks was attached to write a script for the adaptation. Street Fighter: The Legend of Chun-Li was released in 2009 starring Kristin Kreuk as Chun-Li.
- Actor and filmmaker Joey Ansah co-directed Owen Trevor's 2010 live-action short film Street Fighter: Legacy, starring John Foo as Ryu and Christian Howard as Ken who co-wrote it with Ansah.[39][40] That same year, Capcom confirmed that there would be more Street Fighter films in development.[41]
- After Legacy, Ansah and Howard went on to create a TV series, Street Fighter: Assassin's Fist, which was released on Machinima's YouTube channel in 2014.[42] A second season, Street Fighter: World Warrior, was announced for a 2017 release date, but was later cancelled.[43][44]
- A Street Fighter web miniseries, Street Fighter: Resurrection, aired on Machinima in 2016.
- A scene in the 2018 film Goosebumps 2: Haunted Halloween shows Slappy the Dummy using magic to bring actions figures of the Street Fighter characters Ryu and Ken to life.[45]
- In 2018, Entertainment One and Mark Gordon announced that they would start work on producing a live-action Street Fighter TV show, working along with the creators of STAF, based on Street Fighter II: The World Warrior. As of June 30, 2020, there have been no new updates about the project.[46]
Manga and manhua
- Masaomi Kanzaki's Street Fighter II manga was one of the few Street Fighter mangas translated into English, titled Street Fighter II in the USA. Originally released by Tokuma Shoten in three volumes,[47] the US version has been released in 8 issues by Tokuma comics (U.S. imprint of Tokuma Shoten) and rearranged in left-to-right reading format.[47]
- Masahiko Nakahira did four different Street Fighter manga series: Cammy Gaiden, Street Fighter Zero, Street Fighter: Sakura Ganbaru!, and Street Fighter III: Ryu Final. Street Fighter Alpha, Sakura Ganbaru, and Street Fighter III: Ryu Final have all been released in English by UDON. Two characters created by Nakahira, Evil Ryu (introduced in Street Fighter Alpha)[48] and Karin Kanzuki (from Sakura Ganbaru), have been integrated into the Street Fighter video games.
- Super Street Fighter II: Cammy Gaiden (1994) – A manga revolving around Cammy in seven chapters. Originally published in six parts in Japan's Shonen Sunday comic anthology in 1994. Later the same year the six parts were compiled into one volume and in 1997 the compilation was first published in English by Viz Communications as Super Street Fighter II: Cammy. The seventh chapter was printed in September 1994 as a bonus supplement in Takayuki Sakai's comic adaptation of The Animated Movie as Gekijouyou Animation Street Fighter II, but was never officially translated.
- Street Fighter III: Ryu Final (1998) – A manga adaption to the Street Fighter III series in two volumes. In 2008, a translated version was released by UDON.
- Street Fighter: Sakura Ganbaru! (1996) – The story follows Sakura Kasugano in her quest to become a street fighter and meet Ryu. It has two volumes.
- Street Fighter Zero (1995) – A manga about the Street Fighter Alpha series. Translated and released in English as Street Fighter Alpha.
- Street Fighter II: The Animated Movie Official Comic Adaptation is a manga adaptation of the 1994 anime film, authored by Takayuki Sakai and serialized in the monthly CoroCoro Comic in 1994, later republished in a single tankōbon collected edition. An English adaptation of this manga was published by Viz Communications as six issues in 1996.
- There is a broad selection of Street Fighter manhua comics published in Hong Kong and Taiwan in booklet format. The first one, based on Street Fighter II, was released in 1991 by Jade Dynasty.[49] Street Fighter EX 2 Plus is a manhua by a Hong Kong artist who drew the previous Street Fighter II adaptations since 1992. Street Fighter Zero 2 HK is the original comic was only printed in Hong Kong and was prevented by Capcom from being released in Japan.
Comics
- Malibu Comics launched a Street Fighter comic series in 1993, but Capcom did not like the adaptation, and the series was canceled after only three issues[50] due to Capcom's dislike of the comics. In the third and final issue, they included explanation of why the series was canceled and wrote what they would have done in the future with each character.
- Editora Escala published satirical stories released in 1993. The comic book featured Japanese dojinshi[51] and parodies by Brazilian comic artists. When Malibu comics were canceled, the franchise was picked up by the Brazilian publisher called Escala. They continued from where Malibu left of (issue 3), but they began a new story from issue 6 and renamed it Super Street Fighter II from issues 6–13. In addition to the 17 issues released, there was an extra edition issued, with more pages and three complete stories.[52]
- Street Fighter: The Battle for Shadaloo based on the 1994 Street Fighter live action movie was released by DC Comics.
- Street Fighter Zero 3 is a comic based on Street Fighter Zero 3 by Marcelo Cassaro (script) and Erica Awano (art). It has four issues (1998–1999).[52]
- UDON was licensed by Capcom to produce a Canadian comic book based on the Street Fighter franchise, in addition to the comic adaptations of Darkstalkers and Rival Schools. This series draws not only on the established Street Fighter canon, but also occasionally addresses various continuity retcons, and even draws from fanon and non-official sources as well. In 2005, UDON released Street Fighter: Eternal Challenge, the first Capcom series history and art book to be translated into English. Later, UDON continued from its original Street Fighter series (based on Street Fighter Alpha and Super Street Fighter II Turbo) with Street Fighter II and Street Fighter II: Turbo. Three separate Street Fighter Legends mini-series and a Street Fighter IV mini-series were also released, followed by more comics, including a Darkstalkers crossover series.
- Street Fighter characters appear in the Archie Comics-published Sonic the Hedgehog/Mega Man crossover event Worlds Unite, which also involved other characters from Sega and Capcom games.
- In 2016, IDW Publishing published a crossover between Street Fighter and G.I. Joe,Street Fighter X GI Joe. It was written by Aubrey Sitterson with art by Emilio Laiso, and ran for six issues.[53][54]
- Two motion comics were released based on Street Fighter: Round One – Fight! (issues 0–6) and Street Fighter Volume 2: The New Challengers! (issues 7–14) arcs. They were made by Eagle One Media and released in straight-to-DVD format in 2009 and 2011 respectively.[55][56] It was released on Hulu for free in 2014,[57][58][59] and later also released on Viewster for free.[60][61]
Other games
- Irish software company CryptoLogic released a Street Fighter II slot machine themed after the series.[62]
- In 1994, White Wolf released Street Fighter: The Storytelling Game based on the series and featuring characters from Super Street Fighter II. The system used many of the game mechanics of the World of Darkness games.
- In 2006, Sabertooth Games released a Street Fighter set for its Universal Fighting System (UFS) collectible card game.
- Another trading card game, the now-discontinued Epic Battles (released by Score Entertainment), also features Street Fighter characters, as well as characters from other fighting game franchises, such as Mortal Kombat.
- In 2018, Jasco Games launched a successful Kickstarter campaign for Street Fighter: The Miniatures Game, to be delivered in 2019.[63]
- Street Fighter characters also make cameos in the Harvey Birdman: Attorney at Law Video Game.
Characters
The main games have introduced a varied cast of around seventy characters into video game lore, plus around another twenty in spin-off games. The games' playable characters originate from different countries around the world, each with a unique fighting style.
Reception
Achievements
Since the release of the first Street Fighter game in August 1987, the series had total home software sales of 35 million units by 2014,[64] and 44 million units as of 2019,[65] in addition to arcade cabinet sales of over 500,000 units generating more than $1 billion in revenue in video game arcade cabinet sales,[66][67] qualifying it for the list of best-selling video game franchises. Street Fighter has remained Capcom's second-biggest franchise behind Resident Evil as of 2014,[68] and is currently Capcom's third-best-selling software franchise behind Resident Evil and Monster Hunter.
The best-selling game in the series was Street Fighter II. All versions of the game having grossed over $10 billion in total revenue, mostly from arcades,[10] as well as from the video game console ports which include more than 14 million cartridges sold for the Super NES and Sega Mega Drive/Genesis platforms.[11] As of 2017, Street Fighter II is one of the world's top three highest-grossing video games of all time from Japan, after Taito's Space Invaders and Namco's Pac-Man.[10]
Criticism
The negative feedbacks on the Street Fighter franchise is its entire lore that is known for not being in chronological order which involves prequels and sub-sequels; the whole lore is also full of potential with sagas such as the fictional Shadaloo Empire. In contrast to other successesful fighting game franchises for example such as Tekken, Mortal Kombat, and Fatal Fury whose original lores in each franchise were well-received; throughout each game’s story in the Street Fighter universe (except Final Fight), were critically panned by fans and players alike for having plot holes, continuity errors, flimsy retcons, uncaptivating English dubbing, generic dialogues and cutscenes, non-sequel sequels (editions), gratuitously sexualized female fighters, and bare-boned backstories for each character. As well as Capcom not being able to produce one faithful adaptation with motion pictures, comic books, animations, etc, until the release of Machinima’s web-series Street Fighter: Assassin's Fist (2014).
Commercial performance
Title | Year | Platform(s) | Software sales (est.) | Gross revenue (est.) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Worldwide | Japan | Overseas | Japan | Overseas | |||
Final Fight (Street Fighter '89) | 1990 | SNES | 1,480,000[69] | 860,000[70] | 620,000 | ¥8,041,000,000[71] | $37,193,800[72] |
Final Fight One (Final Fight) | 2001 | GBA | 56,137+ | 56,137[70] | Unknown | ¥296,403,360[73] | Unknown |
Street Fighter II | 1991 | Multi-platform | 15,500,000[74] | 6,515,373[lower-alpha 1] | 8,984,627 | $10,610,000,000[75][lower-alpha 2] | |
Street Fighter: The Movie | 1995 | Saturn | 62,375+ | 62,375[70] | Unknown | ¥397,952,500[76] | Unknown |
PS1 | 121,765+ | 38,427[70] | 83,338+[77] | ¥245,164,260[78] | $4,996,113[79] | ||
Street Fighter Alpha (Street Fighter Zero) | 1995 | PS1 | 494,076+ | 350,267[70] | 143,809+[77] | ¥2,234,703,460[80] | $8,627,102[81] |
1996 | Saturn | 291,362+ | 291,362[70] | Unknown | ¥1,858,889,560[82] | Unknown | |
Street Fighter Alpha 2 (Street Fighter Zero 2) | 1996 | PS1 | 721,276+ | 604,957[70] | 116,319+[77] | ¥3,859,625,660[83] | $6,973,324[84] |
Saturn | 403,405+ | 403,405[85] | Unknown | ¥2,573,723,900[86] | Unknown | ||
SNES | 77,853+ | 77,853[70] | Unknown | ¥667,978,740[87] | Unknown | ||
Street Fighter Collection | 1997 | Saturn, PS1 | 150,311+ | 150,311[70] | Unknown | ¥958,984,180[88][89] | Unknown |
Street Fighter Alpha 3 (Street Fighter Zero 3) | 1998 | PS1 | 1,000,000[69] | 503,562[70] | 496,438 | ¥3,212,725,560[90] | $21,341,870[91] |
Street Fighter Alpha 3: Saikyo Dojo | 1999 | Dreamcast | 120,561+ | 51,510[70] | 69,051+[92] | ¥328,633,800[93] | $3,106,604[94] |
Street Fighter Alpha 3↑ | 2002 | GBA | 30,000+[95] | 5,025[70] | 24,975+ | ¥26,532,000[96] | $724,025[97] |
Street Fighter Alpha 3 MAX | 2006 | PSP | 410,894+ | 10,894[70] | 400,000+[98][99] | ¥57,520,320[100] | $11,996,000[101] |
Street Fighter Alpha Anthology | 2006 | PS2 | 27,328+ | 27,328[70] | Unknown | ¥144,291,840[102] | Unknown |
Super Puzzle Fighter II Turbo | 1996 | PS1 | 75,122+ | 11,594[70] | 63,528+[77] | ¥73,969,720[103] | $1,905,840[104] |
Saturn | 11,742+ | 11,742[70] | Unknown | ¥68,103,600[105] | Unknown | ||
Pocket Fighter (Super Gem Fighter Mini Mix) | 1998 | PS1 | 149,137+ | 105,607[70] | 43,530+[77] | ¥673,772,660[106] | $1,871,355[107] |
Saturn | 19,026+ | 19,026[70] | N/A | ¥121,385,880[108] | N/A | ||
X-Men vs. Street Fighter | 1997 | Saturn | 193,970+ | 193,970[70] | N/A | ¥1,237,528,600[109] | N/A |
1998 | PS1 | 244,511+ | 119,017[70] | 125,494+[77] | ¥759,328,460[110] | $6,273,445[111] | |
Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter | 1998 | Saturn | 93,701+ | 93,701[70] | N/A | ¥597,812,380[112] | N/A |
1999 | PS1 | 180,620+ | 60,724[70] | 119,896+[77] | ¥387,419,120[113] | $5,154,329[114] | |
Street Fighter EX Plus α | 1997 | PS1 | 837,052+ | 203,803[70] | 633,249+[lower-alpha 3] | ¥1,300,263,140[116] | $31,656,118[117] |
Street Fighter EX2 Plus | 1999 | PS1 | 147,177+ | 66,052[70] | 81,125+[77] | ¥421,411,760[118] | $2,839,375[119] |
Street Fighter EX3 | 2000 | PS2 | 183,974+ | 183,974[70] | Unknown | ¥1,376,125,520[120] | Unknown |
Street Fighter III: Double Impact | 1999 | Dreamcast | 106,008+ | 51,510[70] | 54,498+[92] | ¥385,294,800[121] | $2,342,869[122] |
Street Fighter III: 3rd Strike | 2000 | Dreamcast | 116,987+ | 56,741[70] | 60,246+[92] | ¥362,007,580[123] | $2,589,976[124] |
2004 | PS2 | 49,088+ | 49,088[70] | Unknown | ¥313,181,440[125] | Unknown | |
Slotter Up Core 7: Dekitou da! Street Fighter II | 2005 | PS2 | 15,700+ | 15,700[70] | N/A | ¥81,169,000[126] | N/A |
Street Fighter IV | 2009 | Multi-platform | 9,209,113[lower-alpha 4] | 810,405[lower-alpha 4] | 8,398,708[lower-alpha 4] | ¥4,715,097,284 [lower-alpha 4] | $401,843,119[lower-alpha 4] |
Street Fighter X Tekken | 2012 | PS3, X360 | 1,800,000[69] | 101,129[70] | 1,698,871 | ¥740,567,667[127][128] | $101,915,271[129] |
Steam | 188,453[130] | N/A | 188,453 | N/A | $11,305,295[129] | ||
PSV | 13,550+ | 13,550[131] | Unknown | ¥70,839,400[132] | Unknown | ||
Street Fighter V | 2016 | PS4, PC | 4,500,000[69] | 135,362[70][133] | 3,964,638 | ¥1,189,696,618[134] | $237,518,767[135] |
Street Fighter 30th Anniversary Collection | 2018 | PS4, Switch | 1,200,000 | 31,653[70][133] | Unknown | ¥173,743,317[136][137] | Unknown |
Steam | 20,000+[138] | N/A | 20,000+ | N/A | $799,800[138] | ||
Total | 44,000,000[65] | 12,343,134 | 31,656,866 | ¥39,952,847,086
+ ($496,169,699+)[lower-alpha 5] |
$902,974,397+[lower-alpha 5] | ||
$12,009,123,687[lower-alpha 6] |
eSports competitors
Daigo Umehara, known as "Daigo" or "The Beast"[139] in the West and "Umehara" or "Ume" in Japan, is the world's most famous Street Fighter player and is often considered its greatest.[140] He currently holds a world record of "the most successful player in major tournaments of Street Fighter" in the Guinness World Records.[141]
"Evo Moment 37", also known as the "Daigo Parry", refers to a portion of a Street Fighter III: 3rd Strike semi-final match held at Evolution Championship Series 2004 (Evo 2004) between Daigo Umehara and Justin Wong. During this match, Umehara made an unexpected comeback by parrying 15 consecutive hits of Wong's "Super Art" move while having only one pixel of vitality. Umehara subsequently won the match. "Evo Moment #37" is frequently described as the most iconic and memorable moment in the history of competitive video gaming. Being at one point the most-watched competitive gaming moment of all time, it has been compared to sports moments such as Babe Ruth's called shot and the Miracle on Ice.[142]
Hajime "Tokido" Taniguchi is currently ranked as the #1 Street Fighter V eSports player in the world per SRK Data eSports player rankings. Hailing from Japan, he is a three time EVO champion and generally recognized one of the best fighters that ever played the game.
Mike "Brolylegs" Begum is also a well known "disabled" player who has been ranked as high as 378 in the world and has been featured on ESPN E:60 for his incredible ability to play and win while operating the game controller with only his mouth.
Popular culture
Street Fighter had an influence on mixed martial arts (MMA) combat sports. The first Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) MMA event, UFC 1 in 1993, was initially pitched by UFC promoters as a real-life fighting video game tournament similar to Street Fighter and Mortal Kombat.[143]
Music
Street Fighter has been influential in hip hop culture, as the video game most frequently sampled and referenced in hip hop music. It has been referenced in the lyrics of songs by rappers such as Nicki Minaj, Lupe Fiasco, Dizzee Rascal, Lil B, Sean Price, and Madlib, for example. The connection between Street Fighter and hip hop dates back to Hi-C's "Swing'n" (1993) and DJ Qbert's "Track 10" (1994) which sampled Street Fighter II, and the Street Fighter film soundtrack (1994) which was the first major film soundtrack to consist almost entirely of hip hop music. According to DJ Qbert, "I think hip-hop is a cool thing, I think Street Fighter is a cool thing". According to Vice magazine, "Street Fighter's mixture of competition, bravado, and individualism easily translate into the trials and travails of a rapper."[144]
Street Fighter has been similarly influential in UK rap culture, frequently referenced and sampled in grime music. According to grime DJ Logan Sama, "Street Fighter is just a huge cultural thing that everyone experienced growing up, the characters are hugely recognisable as well as the moves", and it "had such a huge impact that it has just stayed in everyone’s consciousness." According to Jake Hawkes of Soapbox, "grime was built around lyrical clashes" and "the 1v1 setup of these clashes was easily equated with Street Fighter's 1 on 1 battles." Grime MCs such as Dizzee Rascal were sampling Street Fighter II as early as 2002, and Street Fighter has been sampled "by almost every grime MC at one time or another". Street Fighter became established in grime culture to the point of becoming an integral part of BBC Radio 1Xtra DJ Charlie Sloth's Fire in the Booth freestyle segments, using samples such as "Hadouken", "Shoryuken" and the "Perfect" announcer sound.[145] The "Perfect" announcer sample has been used to tag verses by North American rappers, such as Kanye West and Drake in The Life of Pablo (2016).[146][147]
WhoSampled lists about 80 songs that have sampled Street Fighter II, including songs by artists such as Kanye West, Jay-Z, Drake, Psy, Dizzee Rascal, Lupe Fiasco, Bryson Tiller, and A Guy Called Gerald, among many others.[148] Hadouken! was also the name of a British grindie band.[145] The diss track "Mia Khalifa" ("Hit or Miss") by iLOVEFRiDAY uses sound effects from Street Fighter II, including the Capcom logo jingle and the "Fight!" announcer clip.[149]
Explanatory notes
- See Street Fighter II § Commercial reception
- Including Street Fighter II arcade game revenue and home software sales.
- 233,249 units in the United States.[77] 400,000+ units in PAL regions.[115][99]
- See Street Fighter IV § Sales
- Not including Street Fighter II, which has grossed an estimated $10.61 billion worldwide as of 2017.[75]
- Including Street Fighter II, which has grossed an estimated $10.61 billion worldwide as of 2017.[75]
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- "ストリートファイターV (PS4)". Famitsu. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
- Carter, Chris (2016-02-15). "Review: Street Fighter V". Destructoid. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
- "ストリートファイター 30th アニバーサリーコレクション インターナショナル (PS4)". Famitsu. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
- "ストリートファイター 30th アニバーサリーコレクション インターナショナル (Switch)". Famitsu. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
- "Street Fighter 30th Anniversary Collection". Steam Spy. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
- "【WEB人・詳報版】プロゲーマー、ウメハラさん(29) 「格ゲー盛り上げたい」". sankei.jp.msn.com. 2010-07-22. Archived from the original on 2010-07-23. Retrieved 2010-08-23.
- "Daigo Umehara: The King of Fighters". eurogamer.net. Archived from the original on 2010-05-16. Retrieved 2010-05-18.
- Mad Catz (2010-08-27). "Team Mad Catz Gamer 'Daigo "The Beast" Umehara' Presented With Guinness World Record at 'Super Vs Battle' Tournament" (PDF). Mad Catz. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-09-10. Retrieved 2010-08-28.
- Narcisse, Evan (2014-04-14). "Someone Wrote A Book About Street Fighter's Greatest Match". Kotaku.
- Snowden, Jonathan (12 November 2018). "UFC 1, 25 Years Later: The Story Behind the Event That Started an Industry". Bleacher Report. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
- Kearse, Stephen (15 December 2016). "The Long, Strange History of Street Fighter and Hip-Hop". Retrieved 9 January 2019.
- "Hadouken! Grime Music and Street Fighter: A History". Retrieved 9 January 2019.
- Slavik, Nathan. "Kanye West Tagging His Verses With a "Street Fighter" Sample is Officially a Thing". DJBooth. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
- "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2018-06-30. Retrieved 2017-09-19.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- "Yoko Shimomura - Samples, Covers and Remixes". WhoSampled. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
- "iLOVEFRiDAY's 'Mia Khalifa' - Discover the Sample Source". WhoSampled. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
Further reading
- Kearse, Stephen (December 15, 2016). "The Long, Strange History of Street Fighter and Hip-Hop". Vice. Retrieved August 31, 2019.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Street Fighter. |
- Capcom USA's official Street Fighter website
- Street Fighter group – all the games and related characters and platforms
- Fighting Street – original artwork
- Street Fighter 25th Anniversary Tribute – character artworks for 88 Street Fighter characters
- Eurogamer Retrospective: Street Fighter
- SRK Data Street Fighter 5 World eSports Rankings: Street Fighter