Thanjavur district

Thanjavur District is one of the 38 districts of the state of Tamil Nadu, in southeastern India. Its headquarters is Thanjavur. The district is located in the delta of the Cauvery River and is mostly agrarian. As of 2011, Thanjavur district had a population of 2,405,890 with a sex-ratio of 1,035 females for every 1,000 males.

This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Thanjavur.

Thanjavur district
District
Rural landscape near Peravurani
Nickname(s): 
Rice Bowl Of Tamil Nadu
Location in Tamil Nadu, India
Coordinates: 10°47′8.16″N 79°8′24.36″E
Country India
State Tamil Nadu
Municipal CorporationsThanjavur
HeadquartersThanjavur
Talukas
Budalur,
Kumbakonam,
Orathanadu,
Papanasam,
Pattukkottai,
Peravurani,
Thanjavur,
Thiruvaiyaru,
Thiruvidaimarudur
Government
 • District CollectorThiru. M. Govinda Rao IAS[1]
 • Superintendent of PoliceJ.Mahesh IPS[2]
Population
 (2011)
 • Total2,405,890
Languages
 • OfficialTamil
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
613xxx
Telephone code04362,0435
ISO 3166 codeISO 3166-2:IN
Vehicle registrationTN-49, TN-68[3]
Websitethanjavur.nic.in

Geography
Agriculture - especially the cultivation of rice - is the main occupation of people in Thanjavur district.
The Brihadisvara Temple at Thanjavur

The district is located at 10.08°N 79.16°E / 10.08; 79.16 in Central Tamil Nadu bounded on the northeast by Mayiladuthurai district, on the east by Tiruvarur District, on the south by the Palk Strait of Bay of Bengal on the west by Pudukkottai District and Tiruchirappalli, small border with Cuddalore on the northeast and on the north by the river Kollidam, across which lie part of Tiruchirappalli, and Ariyalur districts.

Demographics
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901928,222—    
1911978,651+0.53%
1921958,929−0.20%
1931986,308+0.28%
19411,059,583+0.72%
19511,228,360+1.49%
19611,317,920+0.71%
19711,592,998+1.91%
19811,848,132+1.50%
19912,053,760+1.06%
20012,216,138+0.76%
20112,405,890+0.82%
source:[4]

According to 2011 census, Thanjavur district had a population of 2,405,890 with a sex-ratio of 1,035 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.[5] A total of 238,598 were under the age of six, constituting 121,949 males and 116,649 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 18.91% and 0.15% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the district was 74.44%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.[5] The district had a total of 605,363 households. There were a total of 974,079 workers, comprising 117,321 cultivators, 327,673 main agricultural labourers, 26,430 in house hold industries, 363,060 other workers, 139,595 marginal workers, 12,592 marginal cultivators, 87,688 marginal agricultural labourers, 4,770 marginal workers in household industries and 34,545 other marginal workers.[6]

Economy

Agriculture

Thanjavur district lies in the Kaveri delta, the most fertile region in the state.[7] The district is the main rice producing region in the state and hence known as the Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu.[8] The Kaveri River and its tributaries irrigate the district. Apart from paddy, farmers here grow coconut and sugarcane and it is the largest producer of coconut in Tamil Nadu. Being an agrarian economy, industrial growth in the district is mainly confined to agro-based industries. Many rice mills and oil mills are spread over the district.

Tourism

Great Living Chola Temples of Thanjavur
Airavateswara temple, Darasuram in kumbakonam,Thanjavur District was built by Rajaraja Chola II in the 12th century CE and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Thanjavur's Brihadisvara Temple (known also as Rajarajesvaram or Peruvudaiyār Kōvil), built by the Cholas and now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is one of the largest of its kind and also one of the finest examples of classical Dravidian architecture in the world. Airavateswara temple in Darasuram near Kumbakonam has also been designated part of the same UNESCO World Heritage site and forms another major tourist attraction of the district. The green paddy fields of the Kaveri river valley provide a picturesque setting for these and other important ancient monuments of the district.

Flora

The flora of Thanjavur was studied and documented in some detail by S.A Ganapathy for a doctoral thesis in 1992.[9]

Cultural significance

Thanjavur is famous for the "Saraswathi veena" (the national instrument), Thanjavur art plates, Thanjavur oil paintings and Thalaiyatti Bommai.

Notable people
See also: List of people associated with Thanjavur district

See also

Notes and references
  1. district Collector
  2. |leader _title3 = Prince of Thanjavur Thanjavur Royal Family City Superintendent of Police
  3. www.tn.gov.in
  4. Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  5. "Census Info 2011 Final population totals". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  6. "Census Info 2011 Final population totals – Thanjavur district". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  7. Nathan, K. K. (October 1995). "Assessment of Recent Droughts in Tamil Nadu" (PDF). Drought Network News. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 March 2003.
  8. "Welcome to Thanjavur (District Official Website)". District Administration of Thanjavur.
  9. Ragupathy, Subramanyam (1992). Flora of Thanjavur District. Doctoral dissertation, PhD thesis. Madras, India: Centre for Advanced Study in Botany, University of Madras.
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