Timeline of Damascus
Prior to 20th century
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Map of Damascus in 1855
View of Damascus, 1898
- 965 BCE – Ezron, King of Aram-Zobah conquers Damascus
- 732 BCE – Neo-Assyrian Empire conquers Damascus
- 572 BCE – Neo-Babylonians conquered Damascus
- 538 BCE – Achaemenid Empire annexes Damascus
- 333 BCE – Alexander the Great conquers Damascus
- 4th century – Temple of Jupiter built by the Romans.
- 613 – Sasanian captured Damascus during the Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628
- 634 – Arab conquest of Damascus.
- 715 – Great Mosque built.
- 789 – Qubbat al-Khazna built.
- 1078 – Citadel of Damascus built.
- 1142 – Al-Mujahidiyah Madrasa established.
- 1154 – Nur al-Din Bimaristan built.
- 1196 – Mausoleum of Saladin built.
- 1215 – Al-Adiliyah Madrasa founded.
- 1216 – Citadel of Damascus rebuilt.
- 1224 – Al-Rukniyah Madrasa built.
- 1234 – Aqsab Mosque built.
- 1254 – Al-Qilijiyah Madrasa established.
- 1260 – Kitbuga, a confidant of the Mongol Ilkhan Hulagu, captured Damascus.[1] Then, it was captured five days after the Battle of Ain Jalut by the Mamluk Sultanate.
- 1277 – Al-Zahiriyah Library established.
- 1400 – Timur, the Turco-Mongol conqueror, besieges Damascus.
- 1515 – Al-Sibaiyah Madrasa built.
- 1516 – Ottomans under Selim I conquered Damascus from the Mamluks.
- 1558 – Tekkiye Mosque built.
- 1566 – Al-Salimiyah Madrasa established.
- 1574 – Khan al-Harir built.
- 1605 – Printing press established.[2]
- 1736 – Khan Sulayman Pasha built.
- 1750 – Azm Palace built.
- 1752 – Khan As'ad Pasha built.
- 1885 – Bakdash (ice cream parlor) established.
20th century
- 1918 – October: "Arab troops led by Emir Feisal, and supported by British forces, capture Damascus, ending 400 years of Ottoman rule."[3]
- 1920 – July: "French forces occupy Damascus, forcing Feisal to flee abroad."[3]
- 1923 – Damascus University founded.
- 1925/6 – "French forces bombard Damascus."[3]
- 1928 – Al-Wahda Club of Damascus founded.
- 1935 – Population: 193,912.[4]
- 1939 – Chapel of Saint Paul inaugurated.
- 1946 – Population: 303,952.[5]
- 1947 – Al-Jaish Sports Club founded.
- 1960 – Syrian Television begins broadcasting.
- 1961 – September: "Discontent with Egyptian domination of the United Arab Republic prompts a group of Syrian army officers to seize power in Damascus and dissolve the union."[3]
- 1964 – Population: 562,907 (estimate).[6]
- 1970 – Population: 836,668 city; 923,253 urban agglomeration.[7]
- 1977 – Higher Institute for Dramatic Arts founded.
- 1981 – Bomb explodes near Syrian Air Force headquarters.[8]
- 1983 – Higher Institute for Applied Science and Technology founded.
- 1984 – Al-Assad National Library established.
- 1985 – Population: 1,196,710 (estimate).[9]
- 1994 – Population: 1,549,000 (estimate).[10]
- 2000 – Damascus Spring
21st century
- 2004 – Damascus Opera House inaugurated.
- 2006
- 2008 – Population: 1,680,000 (estimate).[11]
- 2009 – Damascus Securities Exchange founded.
- 2011
- March: Protest; crackdown.[12]
- Syrian civil war begins.
- 2012
- 2013
- 2018
- May: Syrian Armed Forces recapture the entire city of Damascus.[14][15]
References
- "Histoire des Croisades III", René Grousset, p. 586.
- Henri Bouchot (1890). "Topographical index of the principal towns where early printing presses were established". In H. Grevel (ed.). The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time. H. Grevel & Co.
- BBC News. "Timeline". Syria profile. Retrieved June 10, 2012.
- Webster's Geographical Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, p. 278, OL 5812502M
- Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 485, OL 6112221M
- "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966. pp. 140–161.
- United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.
- "Damascus Bomb Blast Is Reported to Kill 20". New York Times. September 4, 1981.
- United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.
- United Nations Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis, Statistics Division (1997). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1995 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 262–321.
- "Table 8 - Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants", Demographic Yearbook – 2018, United Nations
- "Syria's War: An Interactive Timeline". Syria Deeply. New York: News Deeply. Archived from the original on 29 July 2014. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
- Encyclopædia Britannica Book of the Year. 2013. ISBN 978-1-62513-103-4.
- News, ABC. "Syrian government declares capital fully under its control". Retrieved 22 May 2018.
- "Syrian army takes last insurgent area near Damascus". Reuters. 21 May 2018.
Bibliography
Published in 19th century
- H. A. S. Dearborn (1819), "Damascus", A Memoir on the Commerce and Navigation of the Black Sea, Boston: Wells & Lilly
- Josiah Conder (1824), "Damascus", Syria and Asia Minor, London: James Duncan, OCLC 8888382
- John Fuller (1830), "Damascus", Narrative of a Tour Through Some Parts of the Turkish Empire, John Murray, OCLC 15470157
- David Brewster, ed. (1832). "Damascus". Edinburgh Encyclopædia. 7. Philadelphia: Joseph and Edward Parker. hdl:2027/mdp.39015068302770.
- Thomas Bartlett (1841). "Damascus". New Tablet of Memory; or, Chronicle of Remarkable Events. London: Thomas Kelly.
- Josias Leslie Porter (1855), Five years in Damascus: Including an Account of the History, Topography, and Antiquities of That City, London: J. Murray, OCLC 399684, OL 6951148M
- Charles Knight, ed. (1866). "Damascus". Geography. English Cyclopaedia. 2. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433000064794.
- George Henry Townsend (1867), "Damascus", A Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.
- "Damascus", Cook's Tourists' Handbook for Palestine and Syria, London: T. Cook & Son, 1876
- "Damascus", Palestine and Syria, Leipsig: Karl Baedeker, 1876. (+ 1898 ed.)
- Èmile Isambert (1881). "Damas". Itinéraire descriptif, historique et archéologique de l'Orient. Guides Joanne (in French). 3: Syrie, Palestine. hdl:2027/nyp.33433002689614.
- Guy Le Strange (1890), "Damascus", Palestine under the Moslems: a description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500, London: A.P. Watt
Published in 20th century
- "Damascus", Chambers's Encyclopaedia, London: W. & R. Chambers, 1901
- D.S. Margoliouth (1907), Cairo, Jerusalem, and Damascus, London: Chatto & Windus, OL 23283598M
- "Damascus", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424
- Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Damascus", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
- R. Stephen Humphreys. "Urban Topography and Urban Society: Damascus under the Ayyubids and Mamluks." In his, Islamic History: A Framework for Inquiry. Minneapolis, 1988. pp. 209–32.
- Michael Chamberlain, Knowledge and Social Practice in Medieval Damascus, 1190–1350. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994. pp. 27–68.
- John Block Friedman; Kristen Mossler Figg (2000). "Damascus". Trade, Travel, and Exploration in the Middle Ages: an Encyclopedia. Routledge. p. 146+. ISBN 978-1-135-59094-9.
Published in 21st century
- Josef W. Meri, ed. (2006). "Damascus". Medieval Islamic Civilization. Routledge. p. 191. ISBN 978-0-415-96691-7.
- C. Edmund Bosworth, ed. (2007). "Damascus". Historic Cities of the Islamic World. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill. pp. 107–125. ISBN 978-9004153882.
- Michael R.T. Dumper; Bruce E. Stanley, eds. (2008), "Damascus", Cities of the Middle East and North Africa, Santa Barbara, USA: ABC-CLIO, p. 119+, ISBN 9781576079195
- "Damascus". Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art & Architecture. Oxford University Press. 2009. pp. 513–517. ISBN 9780195309911.
- Gabor Agoston; Bruce Alan Masters (2009). "Damascus". Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. Facts on File. p. 168. ISBN 978-1-4381-1025-7.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Damascus. |
- ArchNet. "Damascus". Archived from the original on 30 October 2013.
- Michel Ecochard. "Damascus Albums". Regional Surveys. ArchNet. circa 1930s
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