Timeline of Nanjing
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
Prior to 3rd century
 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANCIENT | ||||||||
| Neolithic c. 8500 – c. 2070 BC | ||||||||
| Xia c. 2070 – c. 1600 BC | ||||||||
| Shang c. 1600 – c. 1046 BC | ||||||||
| Zhou c. 1046 – 256 BC | ||||||||
| Western Zhou | ||||||||
| Eastern Zhou | ||||||||
| Spring and Autumn | ||||||||
| Warring States | ||||||||
| IMPERIAL | ||||||||
| Qin 221–207 BC | ||||||||
| Han 202 BC – 220 AD | ||||||||
| Western Han | ||||||||
| Xin | ||||||||
| Eastern Han | ||||||||
| Three Kingdoms 220–280 | ||||||||
| Wei, Shu and Wu | ||||||||
| Jin 266–420 | ||||||||
| Western Jin | ||||||||
| Eastern Jin | Sixteen Kingdoms | |||||||
| Northern and Southern dynasties 420–589 | ||||||||
| Sui 581–618 | ||||||||
| Tang 618–907 | ||||||||
| (Wu Zhou 690–705) | ||||||||
| Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms 907–979 |
Liao 916–1125 | |||||||
| Song 960–1279 | ||||||||
| Northern Song | Western Xia | |||||||
| Southern Song | Jin | Western Liao | ||||||
| Yuan 1271–1368 | ||||||||
| Ming 1368–1644 | ||||||||
| Qing 1636–1912 | ||||||||
| MODERN | ||||||||
| Republic of China on mainland 1912–1949 | ||||||||
| People's Republic of China 1949–present | ||||||||
| Republic of China on Taiwan 1949–present | ||||||||
- 7000 BCE - Beiyinyang Neolithic people active.[1]
- 472 BCE - Castle built near Yuhuatai by Yue (state).[2]
3rd-12th centuries
- 229 CE - City becomes capital of Wu Kingdom.[1]
- 258 CE - Imperial University founded.
- 313 - City renamed "Jiankang."[2]
- 317 - Capital of Eastern Jin Dynasty relocated to Jiankang.[3]
- 420 - City becomes capital of the Liu Song Dynasty.[2]
- 479 - City becomes capital of the Southern Qi Dynasty.[2]
- 502 - City becomes capital of the Liang dynasty.[2]
- 557 - City becomes capital of the Chen Dynasty.[2]
- 937 - Nan Tang in power.[2]
- 1168 - Jiangnan Examination Hall built.
14th century
Map of Nanjing (Jinling, Yingtian Fu) in Ming Dynasty
- 1367 - construction of Ming Palace begun, completed in 1368.
- 1368 - City becomes capital of Ming Dynasty, renamed Yingtian.
- 1373 - Hongwu Emperor substantially expands Ming Palace compound, completed in 1375.
- 1381 - Imperial University campus relocated to Xuanwu Lake.[4]
- 1382 - Drum Tower built.[2]
- 1386 - City Wall of Nanjing and Jubao Gate constructed.
15th-18th centuries
Nanjing, ca.1660s
- 1408 - Yongle Encyclopedia written.
- 1421 - Capital of Ming Dynasty relocated from Nanjing to Beijing.[2]
- 1430 - Porcelain Tower of Nanjing built.[5]
- 1441 - 1441 Yangtze flood.
- 1657 - City besieged by forces of Koxinga.[6]
- 1723 - Viceroy of Liangjiang residence relocated to Nanjing.[6]
19th century
- 1842
- British in power.[7]
- 29 August: City hosts signing of Treaty of Nanking.
- 1853 - Battle of Nanjing (1853).
- 1856 - Battle of Nanking (1856).
- 1858 - City designated a Treaty port per Treaties of Tianjin.[7]
- 1864 - Third Battle of Nanking.
- 1870 - Chaotian Palace and Presidential Palace built.
- 1890 - Naval college opens.[7]
- 1899 - Foreign trade begins.[6]
20th century
- 1902 - Sanjiang Normal College (later renamed Nanjing University) founded.[2]
- 1907 - Jiangnan Library opens.
- 1909 - Shanghai-Nanjing railroad opens.[7]
- 1910
- 1910 Nanyang industrial exposition.[6]
- Population: 140,000 (approximate).[7]
- 1911
- 1921 - Population: 380,000.[9]
- 1927
- March: Nanking Incident.
- Nanjing Special (No.1) Popular Library founded.
- 1928
- Central Guoshu Institute established.
- Liu Chi-wen becomes mayor.
- 1929 - Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum built.
- 1930 - Wei Tao-ming becomes mayor.
- 1931 - City becomes capital of the Republic of China.
- 1936 - Jiangsu Art Gallery founded.
- 1937
- Nanking Safety Zone set up.
- 9 December: Battle of Nanking begins.
- 12 December: USS Panay incident.
- 13 December: Japanese forces take city.
- Nanking Massacre.
- 1940
- City becomes capital of the Reorganized National Government of China.
- Cai Pei becomes mayor.
- 1941 - Zhou Xuechang becomes mayor.
- 1949 - 23 April: People's Liberation Army takes city.
- 1952 - Nanjing College of Aviation Industry[2] and Wutaishan Sports Center founded.
- 1953 - Nanjing University of Science and Technology founded.[2]
- 1957 - Population: 1,419,000.[10]
- 1958 - Taiping Kingdom History Museum active.
- 1968
- Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge constructed.[11]
- Nanjing Railway Station opens.
- 1988
- December: Nanjing anti-African protests.
- Nanjing High-tech Industrial Development Zone established.[12]
- 1994 - Jiangsu Sainty Football Club formed.
- 1995 - City administration re-organized.[2]
- 1996 - Jiangsu Dragons basketball team formed.
- 1997 - Lukou Airport opens.
- 2000 - Jiangning District becomes part of Nanjing municipality.[12]
21st century
- 2001 - Second Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge constructed.
- 2002
- Jiangpu and Liuhe districts become part of Nanjing municipality.[12]
- Luo Zhijun becomes mayor.
- 2004 - Longtan Containers Port Area opens.
- 2005
- Third Nanjing Yangtze Bridge and Nanjing Olympic Sports Center opens.
- Nanjing Metro and Nanjing–Qidong Railway begins operating.[2]
- 10th National Games of China held.
- 2008
- Hefei–Nanjing Passenger Railway begins operating.
- World Urban Forum held.
- 2009 - Zifeng Tower built.
- 2010
- 28 July: Chemical plant explosion.
- Nanjing Dashengguan Yangtze River Bridge built.
- 2013 - Air pollution in Nanjing reaches annual mean of 72 PM2.5 and 137 PM10, much higher than recommended.[13]
See also
References
- Schellinger 1996.
- Kenneth Pletcher, ed. (2011). Geography of China: Sacred and Historic Places. Britannica Educational Publishing.
- Chye Kiang Heng (1999), Cities of Aristocrats and Bureaucrats: the Development of Medieval Chinese Cityscapes, Singapore University Press, ISBN 9971692236
- Chia 2005.
- C.C. Clarke (1820), The Hundred Wonders of the World (8th ed.), London: Phillips & Co.
- Madrolle 1912.
- Britannica 1910.
- "Manchus' Day of Massacre" (PDF). New York Times. 11 November 1911.
- Chu 1922.
- United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.
Nanking
- Meine Pieter Van Dijk (2006), Managing Cities in Developing Countries, Edward Elgar Publishing, ISBN 9781845428808
- Ivan Cucco (2008), "The Professional Middle Class", in David S.G. Goodman (ed.), The New Rich in China, Routledge, ISBN 9780415455640
- World Health Organization (2016), Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database, Geneva
This article incorporates information from the Chinese Wikipedia.
Bibliography
- Published in the 14th-19th centuries
- Hongwu Jingcheng Tuzhi [Illustrated Gazetteer of the Capital in the Hongwu Era]. 1395.
- Chu Chih-fan; Lu Shou-po (1624). Jinling Tuyong [Gazetteer of Nanjing].
- Johannes Nieuhof (1668), "(Nanking)", Legatio batavica ad magnum Tartariæ chamum Sungteium, modernum Sinæ imperatorem (in Latin), Amstelodami: Jacob von Meurs, OCLC 2134985
- Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Nanking", A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
- Published in the 20th century
- Louis Gaillard (1901), Nanking Port ouvert, Nankin d'alors et d'aujourd'hui (in French), Chang-Hai: Imprimerie de la Mission Catholique, OL 14264158M
- Louis Gaillard (1903), Aperçu historique et géographique [Historical and geographical overview], Nankin d'alors et d'aujourd'hui (in French), Chang-Hai: Impr. de la Mission catholique, OCLC 6976461, OL 6962395M
- "Nanking", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
- Claudius Madrolle (1912), "Nanking", Northern China, Paris: Hachette & Company, OCLC 8741409
- Coching Chu (1922), The climate of Nanking during the period 1905-1921, Nanking, OL 7245788M
- Schellinger and Salkin, ed. (1996), "Nanjing", International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania, Routledge, ISBN 9781884964046
- Published in the 21st century
- Lucille Chia (2005). "Of Three Mountains Street: the Commercial Publishers of Ming Nanjing". Printing and Book Culture in Late Imperial China. University of California Press.
External links
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