Trochozoa

The Trochozoa are a proposed Lophotrochozoa clade that is sister of Polyzoa. The trochozoans clade include animals in five phyla: the Nemertea, the Annelida, the Mollusca and the two Brachiozoan phyla, Brachiopoda and Phoronida.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]

Spiralia
 

Gnathifera

 
Platytrochozoa
Rouphozoa
 

Gastrotricha

 
 

Platyhelminthes

 
 
Lophotrochozoa
Trochozoa
 
 
Brachiozoa
 

Brachiopoda

 
 

Phoronida

 
 
 

Mollusca

 
 
Annelida
 
 

Echiura

 
 
 

Clitellata

 
 

Siboglinidae

 
 
 
 

Sipuncula

 
 
 
 

Nemertea

 
 
Polyzoa
 
 

Entoprocta

 
 

Cycliophora

 
 
 

Bryozoa/Ectoprocta

 
 
 
 
 

Trochozoa
Eunereis longissima Johnston, 1840
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
(unranked): Protostomia
(unranked): Spiralia
Superphylum: Lophotrochozoa
Clade?: Trochozoa
Phyla

References
  1. Paps, Jordi; Baguñà, Jaume; Riutort, Marta (2009-10-01). "Bilaterian Phylogeny: A Broad Sampling of 13 Nuclear Genes Provides a New Lophotrochozoa Phylogeny and Supports a Paraphyletic Basal Acoelomorpha". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 26 (10): 2397–2406. doi:10.1093/molbev/msp150. ISSN 0737-4038. PMID 19602542.
  2. Struck, Torsten H.; Schult, Nancy; Kusen, Tiffany; Hickman, Emily; Bleidorn, Christoph; McHugh, Damhnait; Halanych, Kenneth M. (2007-01-01). "Annelid phylogeny and the status of Sipuncula and Echiura". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 7: 57. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-57. ISSN 1471-2148. PMC 1855331. PMID 17411434.
  3. Hausdorf, Bernhard; Helmkampf, Martin; Meyer, Achim; Witek, Alexander; Herlyn, Holger; Bruchhaus, Iris; Hankeln, Thomas; Struck, Torsten H.; Lieb, Bernhard (2007-12-01). "Spiralian Phylogenomics Supports the Resurrection of Bryozoa Comprising Ectoprocta and Entoprocta". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 24 (12): 2723–2729. doi:10.1093/molbev/msm214. ISSN 0737-4038. PMID 17921486.
  4. Struck, Torsten H.; Wey-Fabrizius, Alexandra R.; Golombek, Anja; Hering, Lars; Weigert, Anne; Bleidorn, Christoph; Klebow, Sabrina; Iakovenko, Nataliia; Hausdorf, Bernhard (2014-07-01). "Platyzoan Paraphyly Based on Phylogenomic Data Supports a Noncoelomate Ancestry of Spiralia". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 31 (7): 1833–1849. doi:10.1093/molbev/msu143. ISSN 0737-4038. PMID 24748651.
  5. "Cycliophorans - Cycliophora - Details - Encyclopedia of Life". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 2017-09-02.
  6. "Introduction to the Lophotrochozoa". www.ucmp.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2017-09-02.
  7. "The "Lophophorates" Phylum Bryozoa Phylum Phoronida Phylum Brachiopoda - ppt video online download". slideplayer.com. Retrieved 2017-09-02.
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