University of Wisconsin Armory and Gymnasium

	University of Wisconsin Armory and Gymnasium
	U.S. National Register of Historic Places
	U.S. National Historic Landmark
	U.S. Historic district; Contributing property
Location	716 Langdon Street, Madison, Wisconsin
Coordinates	43°4′34.44″N 89°23′55.28″W
Built	1894
Architect	Conover, Allan; Porter, Lew
Architectural style	Romanesque revival
Part of	Bascom Hill Historic District (ID74000065)
NRHP reference No.	93001618
Significant dates
Added to NRHP	November 04, 1993[1]
Designated NHL	November 04, 1993[2]

The University of Wisconsin Armory and Gymnasium, also called "the Red Gym" or “Bowser’s Castle,” is a building on the campus of University of Wisconsin–Madison. It was originally used as a combination gymnasium and armory beginning in 1894. Designed in the Romanesque revival style, it resembles a red brick castle. It is situated on the shores of Lake Mendota, overlooking Library Mall, and adjacent to Memorial Union.

History

Around the time of the construction of the building, labor riots had occurred in a number of cities in the United States, including the Haymarket riot in Chicago in 1886. Leaders in many cities saw the need for local armories to be prepared for worker strikes and uprisings. Thus, when funding the building, the Wisconsin legislature clearly saw its use by local militia.[3] The architects, Conover and Porter, designed it with a dual purpose in mind: armory and gymnasium. Modifications were made to the plans when a new university president, Charles Adams, insisted that the second floor be capable of accommodating large assemblies.[3] Construction began in fall, 1892, and was completed in September, 1894.[3]

As originally constructed, the first floor of the Red Gym held military offices, an artillery drill room, bowling alleys, a locker room, and a swimming tank. The second floor contained a drill hall wide enough to permit a four-column battalion. The third floor was occupied by the gymnasium, which contained a baseball cage, gymnastic apparatus, and rowing machines. Two rifle ranges and a running track were on a level a few steps lower than the gym.[3]

Over the next 30 years, the second floor assembly hall was the scene of speeches by William McKinley (1894), William Jennings Bryan (1912), Eugene Debs (1923), Upton Sinclair (who in 1922 had to promise not to be controversial), and the Republican state conventions of 1902 and 1904, which nominated Robert M. La Follette for governor.

The anti-military sentiment in Wisconsin that occurred after World War I resulted in the elimination of compulsory military training.[3] The Red Gym was also no longer used for Big Ten basketball games following the construction of the university field house in 1930. In the 1930s and 1940s, much of the first and second floors was partitioned into offices. With diminishing use of the building after World War II, plans were made to demolish it; however, popular sentiment delayed those plans.[3] When a new gym was constructed on the west end of campus in 1963, the building was again slated for demolition, and again received a reprieve.[3] In the 1960s, it once again saw military use as ROTC headquarters. A firebomb aimed at the building by anti-war protesters in 1970 resulted in severe damage, which was repaired.[3] Since then, the building has seen various administrative uses; it currently houses student services-related offices and centers.

The University of Wisconsin Armory and Gymnasium was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1993.[2][4]

Gallery

The Red Gym seen from the Memorial Union Terrace, 2008
Armory, 1993
Armory, 1893

References

"National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
"University of Wisconsin Armory & Gymnasium". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on 2009-04-03. Retrieved 2007-12-30.
Jim Feldman (1997). "The Buildings of the University of Wisconsin". UW–Madison Archives and Records Management Services. Retrieved 2011-08-20.
Elizabeth L. Miller and James H. Charleton (May 11, 1993). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: University of Wisconsin Armory and Gymnasium / Red Gym / Old Red" (pdf). National Park Service. Cite journal requires |journal= (help) and Accompanying 11 photos, exterior and interior, from 1991. (885 KB)

External links

The University of Wisconsin–Madison Armory and Gymnasium, Wisconsin Historical Society
Gymnasium and Armory in The Buildings of the University of Wisconsin

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[nris-1] "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January 23, 2007.

[nhlsum-2] "University of Wisconsin Armory & Gymnasium". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on 2009-04-03. Retrieved 2007-12-30.

[buildings-3] Jim Feldman (1997). "The Buildings of the University of Wisconsin". UW–Madison Archives and Records Management Services. Retrieved 2011-08-20.

[nrhpinv2-4] Elizabeth L. Miller and James H. Charleton (May 11, 1993). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: University of Wisconsin Armory and Gymnasium / Red Gym / Old Red" (pdf). National Park Service. Cite journal requires |journal= (help) and Accompanying 11 photos, exterior and interior, from 1991. (885 KB)

U.S. National Register of Historic Places
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Related	National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 Historic Preservation Fund
Portal Category

University of Wisconsin–Madison
Located in: Madison, Wisconsin
Colleges and schools	Agricultural and Life Sciences Business Education Engineering Human Ecology International Studies Journalism and Mass Communication Law Letters and Science Library and Information Studies Medicine and Public Health Music Nursing Pharmacy Public Affairs Social Work Veterinary Medicine
Campus	Abraham's Woods Agriculture Hall Allen Centennial Gardens Arboretum Bascom Hill Chamberlin Hall Chazen Museum of Art Dairy Barn DeLuca Biochemistry Building Geology Museum Lake Mendota Lakeshore Nature Preserve Lathrop Hall Law Building Memorial Union North Hall Pine Bluff Observatory Space Science and Engineering Center Red Gym Science Hall State Street Stock Pavilion Synchrotron Radiation Center Union South Washburn Observatory Weinert Center Wisconsin Union Theater
Athletics	Baseball Basketball (M W) Crew Football Ice hockey (Men Women) Men's soccer Softball Volleyball Camp Randall Field House Kohl Center LaBahn Arena University Ridge Golf Course Bucky Badger Grateful Red Paul Bunyan's Axe Heartland Trophy
History	Camp Randall Experimental College Past Chancellors Sifting and winnowing Single-grain experiment Slab of Bacon Sterling Hall bombing Teaching Assistants Association WHA Wisconsin Idea Wisconsin Idea Theatre Wisconsin school Wisconsin School (diplomatic history)
Media and publications	The Badger Herald The Daily Cardinal Scandinavian Studies Tandem Press UW Press The Wisconsin Engineer Wisconsin Law Review WSUM
People	Alumni, faculty and staff Academics Athletics
Research	Biotron Carbone Cancer Center Center for Limnology Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center Helically Symmetric Experiment History of Cartography Project IceCube Neutrino Observatory Law in Action Madison Symmetric Torus McArdle Laboratory Morgridge Institute for Research Pegasus Toroidal Experiment UW Hospital & Clinics University Research Park Viaspan WIYN Consortium WiCell Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation WISCAPE Wisconsin Energy Institute Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery
Student life	Forensics Fundamentally Sound Grateful Red Hoofers Humorology Iron Shield Society Jump Around MadHatters Marching Band On, Wisconsin! Undergraduate Projects Lab Varsity Wisconsin Film Festival Wisconsin Union
Related	University of Wisconsin System The War at Home (1979 documentary)
Founded: 1848

Wisconsin Badgers men's basketball
Venues	Red Gym (1904–1930) Wisconsin Field House (1930–1998) Kohl Center (1998–present)
Rivalries	Marquette
Culture & lore	Bucky Badger "On, Wisconsin!" Grateful Red
People	Head coaches All-Americans Statistical leaders
Seasons	1898–99 1899–1900 1900–01 1901–02 1902–03 1903–04 1904–05 1905–06 1906–07 1907–08 1908–09 1909–10 1910–11 1911–12 1912–13 1913–14 1914–15 1915–16 1916–17 1917–18 1918–19 1919–20 1920–21 1921–22 1922–23 1923–24 1924–25 1925–26 1926–27 1927–28 1928–29 1929–30 1930–31 1931–32 1932–33 1933–34 1934–35 1935–36 1936–37 1937–38 1938–39 1939–40 1940–41 1941–42 1942–43 1943–44 1944–45 1945–46 1946–47 1947–48 1948–49 1949–50 1950–51 1951–52 1952–53 1953–54 1954–55 1955–56 1956–57 1957–58 1958–59 1959–60 1960–61 1961–62 1962–63 1963–64 1964–65 1965–66 1966–67 1967–68 1968–69 1969–70 1970–71 1971–72 1972–73 1973–74 1974–75 1975–76 1976–77 1977–78 1978–79 1979–80 1980–81 1981–82 1982–83 1983–84 1984–85 1985–86 1986–87 1987–88 1988–89 1989–90 1990–91 1991–92 1992–93 1993–94 1994–95 1995–96 1996–97 1997–98 1998–99 1999–2000 2000–01 2001–02 2002–03 2003–04 2004–05 2005–06 2006–07 2007–08 2008–09 2009–10 2010–11 2011–12 2012–13 2013–14 2014–15 2015–16 2016–17 2017–18 2018–19 2019–20 2020–21
Helms and Premo-Porretta national championships in bold; NCAA Final Four appearance in italics; NCAA championships in bolded italics

University of Wisconsin Armory and Gymnasium

History

Gallery

See also

References

External links