Zanclodon

Zanclodon ("scythe tooth") is an extinct genus of archosauriform found in Middle Triassic deposits in southern Germany.[1]

Zanclodon
Temporal range: Middle Triassic, 237–235 Ma
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Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Clade: Archosauria
Genus: †Zanclodon
Plieninger, 1846
Type species
†Smilodon laevis
Plieninger, 1846

Taxonomy

Zanclodon was originally named Smilodon by Plieninger (1846), but this name had previously been used for the saber-toothed cat (a preoccupied name), prompting Plieninger to erect the replacement name Zanclodon.[2] It was formerly placed in the Teratosauridae, within the Theropoda, and at times, plateosaurid material was mistakenly referred to Zanclodon (see Galton 2001). The type species, Zanclodon laevis, is based on a left maxilla that represents an indeterminate archosaurian. Therefore, the genus is not unambiguously identifiable.[3]

Species
  • Z. laevis (Plieninger, 1846) [originally "Smilodon"] (type)
  • Z. crenatus (Plieninger, 1846) [originally "Smilodon"]
  • Z. bavaricus (Fraas, 1894 vide Sandberger, 1894) = Sauropodomorpha incertae sedis[3]
  • Z. plieningeri (Fraas, 1896) = junior synonym of Z. laevis[3]
  • Z. arenaceus (Fraas, 1896) = a possible parasuchian[4][5]
  • Z. cambrensis (Newton, 1899) = '"Newtonsaurus" (Welles & Pickering, 1993) – nomen nudum, known from a lower jaw with teeth preserved as a mould in South Wales, Theropoda indet.
  • Z. schutzii (Fraas, 1900) = Batrachotomus
  • Z. silesiacus (Jaekel, 1910) = nomen dubium at Archosauromorpha indeterminate[6][7]

References
  1. PaleoBiology Database: Zanclodon, basic info
  2. Plieninger, T. (1846). Über ein neues Sauriergenus und die Einreihung der Saurier mit flachen, schneidenden Zähnen in Eine Familie [On a new saurian genus and incorporating the saurian with flat, cutting teeth into a family]. Jahreshefte des Vereins für Vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg 2: 148-154.
  3. Galton, P.M. (2001). The prosauropod dinosaur Plateosaurus Meyer, 1837 (Saurischia: Sauropodomorpha; Upper Triassic). II. Notes on the referred species. Revue de Paléobiologie, Genève 20(2): 435–502.
  4. Hungerbühler, A. (2001). The status and phylogenetic relationships "Zanclodon" arenaceus: the earliest known phytosaur? Paläontologische Zeitschrift 75(1): 97–112.
  5. Schoch, R.R. 2002. Stratigraphie und Taphonomie wirbeltierreicher Schichten im Unterkeuper (Mitteltrias) von Vellberg (SW-Deutschland). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde (B) 318: 1–30.
  6. Carrano, M.T.; Benson, R.B.J.; & Sampson, S.D. (2012). "The phylogeny of Tetanurae (Dinosauria: Theropoda)". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 10(2): 211–300
  7. Skawiński, T.; Ziegler, M.; Czepiński, Ł.; Szermański, M.; Tałanda, M.; Surmik, D. & Niedźwiedzki, G. (2017). "A re-evaluation of the historical 'dinosaur' remains from the Middle-Upper Triassic of Poland". Historical Biology. 27 (4): 442–472. doi:10.1080/08912963.2016.1188385.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  • Fraas, E. (1900). Zanclodon schützii n. sp. aus dem Trigonodusdolomit von Hall [Zanclodon schützii n. sp. from the Trigonodus-dolomite of Halle]. Jahreshefte des Vereins für Vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg 56: 510–513.
  • Hagdorn, H. & Mutter, R.J. (2011). The vertebrate fauna of the Lower Keuper Albertibank (Erfurt Formation, Middle Triassic) in the vicinity of Schwäbisch Hall (Baden-Württemberg, Germany). Palaeodiversity 4: 223–243.
  • Jaekel, O. (1910). Ueber einen neuen Belodonten aus dem Buntsandstein von Bernburg [On a new belodontid from the Buntsandstein of Bernburg]. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1910 (5): 197-229
  • Newton, E.T. (1899). On a megalosaurid jaw from Rhaetic beds near Bridgend (Glamorganshire). Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 55: 89–96.
  • Schoch, R.R. (2011). New archosauriform remains from the German Lower Keuper. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 260: 87-100. doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2011/0133.
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