1907 Cisleithanian legislative election

A legislative election to elect the members of the 11th Imperial Council were held in Cisleithania, the northern and western ("Austrian") crown lands of Austria-Hungary, on 14 and 23 May 1907.[1] They were the first elections held under universal male suffrage, after an electoral reform abolishing tax paying requirements for voters had been adopted by the Council and was endorsed by Emperor Franz Joseph earlier in the year.[2] However, seat allocations were based on tax revenues from the States.[2]

Opening session of the House of Deputies, 17 June 1907
1907 Cisleithanian Imperial Council election

14 & 23 May 1907

All 516 seats in the Imperial Council
259 seats needed for a majority
Turnout4,676,350 (84.60%)
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Karl Lueger Victor Adler Otto Steinwender
Party CS SDAP DVP
Alliance Christian Social Union Club of German Social Democrats German National Association
Leader since 1893 1 January 1889 1896
Last election 25 seats, 27.45% 12 seats, 23.39% 51 seats, 6.56%
Seats won 65 50 32
Seat change 40 38 19
Popular vote 542,505 513,219 131,474
Percentage 11.73% 11.12% 2.85%
Swing 15.72% 12.27% 3.71%

  Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party
 
Leader Josef Žďárský Antonín Němec
Party DKP RSZML ČSSD
Alliance Christian Social Union Club of Bohemian Agrarians Club of Bohemian Social Democrats
Leader since 1905 1904
Last election 28 seats, 0.80% 2 seats, 0.09% Stood With SDAP
Seats won 31 27 22
Seat change 3 25 New
Popular vote 193,753 206,784 389,960
Percentage 4.20% 4.48% 8.45%
Swing 3.40% 4.39% 8.45%

Minister-President of Cisleithania before election

Max Wladimir von Beck
Independent

Elected Minister-President of Cisleithania

Max Wladimir von Beck
Independent

Electoral system

Under the shadow of the Russian Revolution of 1905 and large-scale demonstrations organized by the Social Democrats, the emperor to placate the public had a reform of the former five-class suffrage system, drafted by Minister-President Paul Gautsch von Frankenthurn. His successor, Baron Max Wladimir von Beck, pushed it through against fierce resistance from the Austrian House of Lords and the heir to the throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

Elections in the constituencies of "the Kingdoms and Lands represented in the Imperial Council" were held according to a two-round system. If no candidate received the required absolute majority on May 14, only the two candidates receiving the most votes survived to the second round. on May 23. The 516 representatives of the constituent crown lands were thus elected, 130 from Bohemia, 106 from Galicia, 64 from Lower Austria and 49 from Moravia. The numerous political associations were again split according to ethnicity ("nations"), with a result that no government could ever rely on a stable majority.

Results

The right-wing Christian Social Party emerged as the largest bloc in Parliament, holding 95 of the 516 seats, followed by the Social Democratic Workers' Party of Austria with 50 seats. The former won most rural constituencies in Upper and Lower Austria, Styria, Salzburg, Tyrol, and Vorarlberg). It also achieved the majority in the capital, Vienna, benefitting from the popularity of the Christian Social mayor, Karl Lueger. In the German constituencies of Bohemia and Moravia and in Carinthia, the German national parties (German People's Party etc.) did well. The Social Democrats had their strongholds in the cities other than Vienna: Graz, Salzburg, Innsbruck, Brno and Linz.

Voter turnout was 84.6%.[3]

Party Votes % Seats +/-
Croatian Nation
Croatian National Party23,4820.512 4
Party of Rights16,0130.352 1
People's Party (Anti-Resolutionist)15,6830.342New
People's Party (Resolutionist)15,2830.334New
Croatian Independents6,3730.141New
People's Party (Democratic)4,4410.100New
Croatian Nation
& Slovenian Nation
Slavic Social Democratic Party10,5180.230New
Czech Nation
Social Democratic Party389,9608.4522New
Czech Agrarian Party206,7844.4827 25
Catholic-National Conservative Parties in Bohemia & Moravia182,5003.9510New
Christian Social Party in Bohemia & Moravia7 5
Young Czech Party116,5242.5221 29
Czech National Social Party75,1011.636 2
Old Czech Party32,2240.705 5
Czech Independents15,9520.352 2
Czech Realist Party14,7040.321New
Czech Paper Candidates14,3390.310New
Czech Radical Progressive Party9,8990.213 3
Czech National Party9,8280.211 1
Czech Progressive Constitutionalist Party7,8790.171 1
German Nation
Christian Social Party542,50511.7365 40
Social Democratic Party513,21911.1250 38
German Conservative Party193,7534.2031 3
Agrarian Party132,9782.8819 16
German People's Party131,4742.8532 19
German Progressive Party103,3152.2419 15
German Radical Party70,5641.5314New
Pan-German Association20,6930.453New
Upper Austrian Farmers' Club15,2830.330New
German-National Party10,4570.230 22
Officials’ Party5,7010.120New
Free Socialists5,2890.111New
German Conservative Farmers' Party4,9470.0110
Independent German Radicals4,5690.100New
Independent Pan-Germans3,6590.080New
German Workers' Party3,4860.080New
German-Christian Party3,2860.070New
German Independents2,8060.060
Social Politicians2,3860.051
Tirol People’s Association1,1130.020New
Radical Party7850.020New
Central Industrial Committee1500.000New
Italian Nation
Trentino People's Party40,9430.897New
Italian National-Liberal Party27,7230.283 9
Italian Social Democratic Party19,9180.435New
Italian-National Party9,6730.211 1
Italian Clerical Party9,5990.212 2
Italian Christian Social Party8,9770.191New
Italian Independents4,0080.090New
Italian Liberal Farmers' Association1,0650.020New
Jewish Candidates
Jewish National Party31,9410.684New
Polish Nation
Polish People's Party165,9803.6016 12
Polish Conservative Party131,5402.8515 39
Polish Centre Party108,2472.3414New
Polish National Democratic Party104,5442.2614 11
Polish Social Democratic Party65,0571.416New
Polish Democratic Party45,9421.0011 5
Polish Christian Social Party11,2100.241
Independent Socialists8,0220.171New
Polish Agrarian Party4,9710.110
Polish National Party3,6750.080 1
Polish Progressive Democratic Party1,6840.041
Romanian Nation
Romanian National (Defense) Party31,6740.683 2
Romanian National (Democratic) Party15,1950.331New
Romanian Independents4,6550.101New
Romanian Social Democratic Party8230.020New
Ruthenian Nation
Ukrainian National Democratic Party–Young Ruthenian Party304,4106.5920 19
Russian National Party162,6633.525 2
Ukrainian Radical Party105,1182.285 3
Ukrainian Social Democratic Party27,9780.612New
Serbian Nation
Serb People's Party7,8080.172
Serbian Independents3,9750.090New
Slovenian Nation
Slovene Clerical Party48,4311.058 3
Slovene People's Party48,1751.0410New
Slovene Liberal Party23,2920.744 1
Slovenian National Party16,8300.362 2
Slovene Social Democratic Party13,1890.290New
Slovenian National-Progressive Party10,9210.240New
Slovenian Pro-German Party6,0010.130
Slovenian Agrarian Party1,3090.030
Slovenian Independents8730.020New
Unknown or split
Unknown or split votes39,4160.85
Invalid/blank votes58,990
Total4,676,350100516 91
Registered voters/turnout5,526,20384.62-
Source: ANNO

By parliamentary grouping

Grouping Seats +/-
Christian Social Union96 71
Poland Club55 10
German National Association51New
Club of German Social Democrats50 39
Group of the German Agrarian Parties33 24
Club of Bohemian Agrarians30 24
Bohemian Club25 19
Ruthenian Club25 17
Club of Bohemian Social Democrats24New
Association of Yugoslavians20 5
Catholic-National Party17New
Slovenian Club17New
Polish People’s Party16 11
German Progressive Union15 12
German Radical Group13New
Bohemian National Social Club11New
Italian People’s Party10New
Club of Polish Social Democrats6New
Group of Italian Social Democrats5New
Romanian Club5
Club of Liberal Italians4New
Jewish Club4New
Pan-German Group3 5
Representation of Ruthenian-Ukrainian Social Democrats2New
Independents12 20
Total516 91
Source: ANNO

See also

List of political parties in Austria

References

  1. Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p196 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  2. Nohlen & Stöver, p184
  3. Nohlen & Stöver, p209
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