Alamo River

The Alamo River (Spanish: Río Álamo) flows west and north from the Mexicali Valley (Baja California) across the Imperial Valley (California). The 52-mile-long (84 km)[1] river drains into the Salton Sea.

Alamo River
Alamo River north of Zenos Road, near Holtville, California
Map showing the course of the Alamo River in the United States
Native name	Río Álamo
Location
Country	Mexico, United States
Physical characteristics
Source	Colorado River
• location	Alamo, Baja California, Mexico
• coordinates	32.68269°N 114.7515656°W / 32.68269; -114.7515656
• elevation	36 m (118 ft)
Mouth	Salton Sea
• coordinates	33.206517°N 115.61433°W / 33.206517; -115.61433
• elevation	−66 m (−217 ft)
Length	52 mi (84 km)[1]
Discharge
• location	Niland, about 1 mile (1.6 km) above the mouth[2]
• average	847 cu ft/s (24.0 m3/s)[3]
• minimum	288 cu ft/s (8.2 m3/s)
• maximum	4,500 cu ft/s (130 m3/s)

The New River, Alamo River, and Salton Sea of the 21st century started in autumn 1904, when the Colorado River, swollen by seasonal rainfall and snow-melt, flowed through a series of three human-engineered openings in the recently constructed levee bank of the Alamo Canal.[4] The resulting flood poured down the canal and breached an Imperial Valley dike. The sudden influx of water and the lack of any drainage from the basin resulted in the formation of the Salton Sea; the rivers had re-created a great inland sea in an area that it had frequently inundated before, the Salton Sink.

It took slightly less than two years (Mar 1905 to Feb 10, 1907) [5] to control the Colorado River’s inflow to the Alamo Canal and stop the uncontrolled flooding of the Salton Sink, but the canal was effectively channelized with operational headgates by the early part of 1907. The Alamo and New Rivers continued to flow, but at a lesser rate.[6]

The river was named after the Spanish name for the Fremont cottonwood that grows in the region.[7]

In most places, the river is a vegetation-choked ravine with a small watercourse at the bottom.

The California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment has issued a safe eating advisory based on mercury, DDTs, PCBs, and selenium.[8]