August 1941

August 1, 1941 (Friday)
  • U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt announced an embargo on the export of oil and aviation fuel to anywhere outside the Western Hemisphere with the exception of the British Empire. This action was aimed at Japan.[1]
  • The second wave of Alikianos executions were carried out on Crete.
  • German submarine U-154 was commissioned.

August 2, 1941 (Saturday)
  • The United States extended Lend-Lease to apply to the Soviet Union.[2]
  • Britain called on the governments of Iran and Afghanistan to expel all Germans immediately.[3]
  • All civilian radios in Norway were confiscated by the Nazi occupation authorities.[4]
  • Born: Ede Staal, singer-songwriter, in Warffum, Netherlands (d. 1986)

August 3, 1941 (Sunday)

August 4, 1941 (Monday)

August 5, 1941 (Tuesday)

August 6, 1941 (Wednesday)
  • In the British House of Commons, British Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden warned Japan that any action threatening the independence and integrity of Thailand would be "of immediate concern" to the British government.[11] U.S. Secretary of State Cordell Hull mirrored those statements that same day when he said at a press conference that any move by Japan into Thailand would be a matter of concern to the United States.[12]
  • The Ustaše regime in the Independent State of Croatia perpetrated the Prebilovci massacre, throwing some 600 women and children alive into a deep pit near Šurmanci.
  • German submarine U-404 was commissioned.
  • Born: Lyle Berman, professional poker player and business executive, in Minneapolis, Minnesota

August 7, 1941 (Thursday)

August 8, 1941 (Friday)

August 9, 1941 (Saturday)
  • Winston Churchill arrived at Placentia Bay aboard the battleship Prince of Wales and ferried over to Roosevelt's ship for their first meeting.[19]
  • British fighter ace Douglas Bader was forced to bail out of his damaged Spitfire Mk VA over northern France in controversial circumstances and was captured. Some accounts have his plane being involved in a mid-air collision with a Bf 109, but it is also possible he was shot down or was a victim of friendly fire.[20]
  • Charles Lindbergh made a speech in Cleveland in which he accused American interventionists of plotting to create "incidents and situations" that would plunge the United States into war "under the guise of defending America."[21]
  • The Germans killed 534 Jews in Kaunas.[10]
  • Born: Shirlee Busbee, romance novelist, in San Jose, California

August 10, 1941 (Sunday)
  • The German submarine U-144 was sunk in the Gulf of Finland by the Soviet submarine ShCh-307.
  • The Soviet patrol boat Tuman was shelled and sunk off the Kola Peninsula by German destroyers.
  • President Roosevelt and his representatives came aboard the Prince of Wales for a Sunday prayer service with Churchill, who later recalled the event as "a deeply moving expression of the unity of faith of our two peoples." Churchill selected the hymns himself, ending with "Our God, Our Help in Ages Past".[22]
  • Died: Arthur Mülverstedt, 47, German SS General (killed in action near Luga)

August 11, 1941 (Monday)

August 12, 1941 (Tuesday)
  • Vichy French Vice-Premier François Darlan was made the Minister of Defence.[24] President Philippe Pétain made an address announcing the appointment in which he also announced a series of harsh new measures including the dissolution all political parties, the creation of a Council of Justice to judge "those responsible for our disaster," and the new requirement that all ministers and high officials swear an oath of loyalty directly to him. "In 1917 I put an end to mutiny," Pétain said. "In 1940 I put an end to rout. Today I wish to save you from yourselves."[25]
  • The Placentia Bay meetings between Roosevelt and Churchill concluded. The Atlantic Charter was signed but not made public until two days later.[19]
  • The Royal Air Force conducted the heaviest daylight bombing raid against Germany since the war began.[26] The Germans could not offer as much opposition as they once did because many of their planes had been diverted to the Eastern Front.[2]
  • By the margin of a single vote, the United States House of Representatives approved an 18-month extension of the Selective Training and Service Act of 1940.[27]
  • The British corvette Picotee was sunk in the North Atlantic by the German submarine U-568.
  • The USSR issued the Amnesty for Polish citizens in the Soviet Union.
  • The Canadian government ordered all Japanese Canadians to carry a registration card.[28]
  • Born: Deborah Walley, actress, in Bridgeport, Connecticut (d. 2001)
  • Died: Bobby Peel, 84, English cricketer

August 13, 1941 (Wednesday)
  • The Roosevelt Administration issued an executive order suspending the eight-hour day for mechanics and laborers employed by the War Department on public works projects such as airfields, troop housing units and fortifications so as to hasten their construction.[29]
  • Ostland Reichkommissar Hinrich Lohse ordered that all property belonging to Jews was to be confiscated and registered, and all money and valuables in their possession handed over immediately.[30]
  • The Canadian government authorized the creation of the Canadian Women's Army Corps (CWAC).[31]
  • The Australian Women's Army Service (AWAS) was raised.
  • The soybean car, an automobile made with a plastic body at the behest of Henry Ford, was introduced to the public at a community festival in Dearborn, Michigan.[32]
  • Died: J. Stuart Blackton, 66, English-born American film producer

August 14, 1941 (Thursday)

August 15, 1941 (Friday)
  • The Philippine Army Air Corps was officially inducted into the United States Army Forces in the Far East.[34]
  • Roosevelt and Churchill sent a joint message of assistance to the Soviet Union. "We realize fully how vitally important to the defeat of Hitlerism is the brave and steadfast resistance of the Soviet Union and we feel therefore that we must not in any circumstances fail to act quickly and immediately in this matter on planning the program for the future allocation of our joint resources," the statement concluded.[35]
  • Born: Don Rich, country musician, in Olympia, Washington (d. 1974)
  • Died: Josef Jakobs, 43, German spy (executed at the Tower of London by firing squad)

August 16, 1941 (Saturday)

August 17, 1941 (Sunday)

August 18, 1941 (Monday)
  • The Germans reached the Ukrainian city of Zaporizhia. The Red Army dynamited the Dnieper Hydroelectric Station to delay the enemy from getting across the Dnieper, resulting in many civilian and military deaths.[39]
  • The British submarine HMS P32 struck a naval mine and sank north of Tripoli.
  • The British submarine HMS P33 was lost to enemy action in the Mediterranean Sea.
  • The Nazis arrested over 300 Swing Kids in Hamburg. Most were sent home and some had their long hair cut as punishment, but the suspected leaders of the swing youth were imprisoned in concentration camps or sent to the front lines.[40][41]
  • Radio Belgrade played an obscure two-year-old German song called "Lili Marleen" sung by Lale Andersen. The song was an instant hit and became one of the most popular songs of the war among Axis and Allied troops alike fighting in North Africa.[4]

August 19, 1941 (Tuesday)

August 20, 1941 (Wednesday)

August 21, 1941 (Thursday)

August 22, 1941 (Friday)

August 23, 1941 (Saturday)
  • The First Battle of Kiev began.
  • Heinz Guderian met with Hitler at the Wolf's Lair with a large number of other officers present. Guderian was allowed to present his reasons for continuing to advance on Moscow, but after he finished Hitler gave his own reasons for concentrating on the south until Kiev was in German hands. The other officers nodded in agreement with each of Hitler's points, and it became obvious to Guderian that the decision had already been made.
  • The Finnish reconquest of Ladoga Karelia was completed.
  • Canadian Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King made a speech to 10,000 Canadian troops in Aldershot, England. Some of the soldiers, tired of endless training exercises and anxious to see some action, booed and heckled the Prime Minister.[49][50]
  • The British corvette HMS Zinnia of convoy OG 71 was sunk by German submarine U-564.
  • Marshal Pétain established Vichy military courts with the authority to impose the death penalty for acts of terrorism and sabotage.[51]
  • German submarine U-155 was commissioned.
  • Born: Bunny Lee, reggae record producer, in Kingston, Jamaica

August 24, 1941 (Sunday)
  • The German 6th Army reached Desna.[5]
  • Hitler ordered the cancellation of Aktion T4 due to public backlash.[10]
  • Winston Churchill broadcast a message to the world about his recent meeting with President Roosevelt and the signing of the Atlantic Charter. Churchill explained that the Charter differed from the attitude adopted by the Allies in the latter part of World War I because it did not assume that there would never be any war again, and "that instead of trying to ruin German trade by all kinds of additional trade barriers and hindrances, as was the mood of 1917, we have definitely adopted the view that it is not in the interests of the world and of our two countries that any large nation should be unprosperous or shut out from the means of making a decent living for itself and its people by its industry and enterprise."[52]
  • Soviet cargo ship VT-532 was bombed by the Luftwaffe during the evacuation of Tallinn and was grounded near Prangli Island. 44 passengers and crew were killed in the bombardment.
  • Died: Theodore Mavrogordato, 58, British tennis player

August 25, 1941 (Monday)
  • The Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran began.
  • Tykocin pogrom: About 1,400 to 1,700 Jewish residents of Tykocin in occupied Poland were taken to nearby Łopuchowo forest and massacred by the SS.
  • The Allies launched Operation Gauntlet, a raid on the Norwegian island of Spitsbergen.
  • Pierre Laval narrowly escaped an assassination attempt by a student as he was seeing off French volunteers going to fight alongside the Germans in Russia. One of the four bullets that struck him missed his heart by about an inch.[4]
  • Benito Mussolini visited the Wolf's Lair for the first time.[53] Mussolini would stay in the area until August 29 - his longest visit of the war - touring battle sites, reviewing troops and meeting with German officials.[54]
  • German submarine U-452 was depth charged and sunk in the North Atlantic by British aircraft and the anti-submarine trawler HMS Vascama.
  • German submarine U-333 was commissioned.
  • Died: Hermann-Friedrich Joppien, 29, German fighter ace (killed in action on the Eastern Front)

August 26, 1941 (Tuesday)

August 27, 1941 (Wednesday)

August 28, 1941 (Thursday)

August 29, 1941 (Friday)

August 30, 1941 (Saturday)

August 31, 1941 (Sunday)

References
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