Haplogroup M8 (mtDNA)

In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup M8 is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.[3][4]

This article is about the human mtDNA haplogroup. For the human mtDNA haplogroup, see Haplogroup C (mtDNA).
Haplogroup M8
Possible time of origin34,400 YBP[1]
Possible place of originEast Asia
AncestorM
DescendantsM8a, CZ
Defining mutationsA4715G C7196a G8584A A15487t T16298C[2]

Origin

Haplogroup M8 is a descendant of haplogroup M. Haplogroup M8 is divided into subclades M8a, C and Z.

Distribution

It is an East Asian haplogroup. Today, haplogroup M8 is found at its highest frequency in indigenous populations of East Siberia such as Evenk and Yukaghir. Haplogroup M8 is one of the most common mtDNA haplogroups among Yakut, Tuvan. Haplogroup C, the most major one of three subclades is highly distributed among the Amerindian and Indigienous peoples of East Siberia. Haplogroup Z, the other one of three subclades is highly distributed among Even from Kamchatka (8/39 Z1a2a, 3/39 Z1a3, 11/39 = 28.2% Z total), mtDNA Haplogroup M8a, not well known one of three subclades is highly distributed among Northern Han Chinese from Liaoning (16/317 = 5.0%).

Table of Frequencies by ethnic group
Population Frequency Count Source Subclades
Yakut0.407378Pakendorf 2006C=153, Z=1
Mongolian0.27747Jin 2009M8a=1, C=10, Z=2
Xibe (Xinjiang)0.145137Shen 2017C=13, Z=7
Han Chinese (Liaoning)0.120317Xu 2017aM8a=16, C=14, Z=8
Korean (Chungcheong)0.103117Hong 2014-
Han Chinese (Shandong)0.099393Hao 2019aM8a=8, C=14, Z=17
Han Chinese (Shanghai)0.09751Ma 2016aM8a=7, C=5, Z=2
Han Chinese (Henan)0.086208Xue 2015M8a=9, C=7, Z=2
Korean (Gangwon)0.079114Hong 2014-
Manchurian0.07540Jin 2009M8a=1, C=1, Z=1
Korean (Gyeongsang)0.071112Hong 2014-
Korean (Seoul)0.067134Hong 2014-
Korean (Jeolla)0.059118Hong 2014-
Korean (Gwangju)0.03360Feiffer 1998M8a=2
Japanese0.0321312Tanaka 2004M8a=18, C=7, Z=17
Vietnamese0.02935Oota 2002-
Han Chinese (South)0.02678Yao 2002-
Korean (Jeju Island)0.009113Hong 2014-
Okinawan0.003326Umetsu 2005CZ=1
Taiwan Aboriginal0.000640Trejaut 2005-
Philippines0.00059Tajima 2004-

Subclades

Haplogroup C, the most major one of three subclades is highly distributed among the Amerindian and Indigienous peoples of East Siberia. Haplogroup Z, the other one of three subclades is highly distributed among Even from Kamchatka (8/39 Z1a2a, 3/39 Z1a3, 11/39 = 28.2% Z total), mtDNA Haplogroup M8a, not well known one of three subclades is highly distributed among Northern Han Chinese from Liaoning (16/317 = 5.0%).

Tree

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup M8 subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation[2] and subsequent published research.

  • M8
    • M8a
      • M8a1 - Ulch
        • M8a1a - Japanese
      • M8a2'3
        • M8a2 - Japanese, Han Chinese
        • M8a2-a* - Japanese,Russia
          • M8a2a'b (T152C!) - Japanese
            • M8a2a - Han Chinese
              • M8a2a1 - Japanese, Han Chinese(Hunan)
                • M8a2a1a1
              • M8a2a1b
              • M8a2a1c - Japanese
            • M8a2b - Japanese,Han Chinese(Shandong)
              • M8a2b1
              • M8a2b2 - Russia
          • M8a2c - Japanese, Han Chinese
          • M8a2d - Han Chinese
          • M8a2e - Ami(Taiwan Aborigines),Han Chinese(Taiwan)
        • M8a3 - Japanese, Han Chinese
          • M8a3a - Han Chinese
            • M8a3a1 - Han Chinese
    • CZ
      • C
        • C1
          • C1a - Ulch, Swedish
          • C1b - Amerindian
            • C1b1
            • C1b2
            • C1b3
            • C1b4
            • C1b5
              • C1b5a
              • C1b5b
            • C1b6
            • C1b7'10 (T16311C!)
              • C1b7
                • C1b7a
              • C1b10
            • C1b8
            • C1b9
            • C1b11
            • C1b12
            • C1b13
              • C1b13a
                • C1b13a1
              • C1b13b
              • C1b13c
                • C1b13c1
              • C1b13d
              • C1b13e
            • C1b14
          • C1c - Amerindian
            • C1c1
              • C1c1a
              • C1c1b
            • C1c2
            • C1c3
            • C1c4
            • C1c5
            • C1c6'7
              • C1c6
              • C1c7
            • C1c8
          • C1d - Amerindian
            • C1d1
              • C1d1a
                • C1d1a1
              • C1d1b
                • C1d1b1
              • C1d1c
                • C1d1c1
              • C1d1d
            • C1d2
              • C1d2a
            • C1d3
          • C1e - Amerindian
          • C1f - Amerindian
        • C4 - Siberian, Mongolian, Han Chinese
          • C4a'b'c
            • C4a
              • C4a1
                • C4a1a
                  • C4a1a1
                    • C4a1a1a
                  • C4a1a2'3'4
                    • C4a1a2
                      • C4a1a2a
                    • C4a1a3
                      • C4a1a3a
                        • C4a1a3a1
                      • C4a1a3b
                      • C4a1a3c
                      • C4a1a3d
                    • C4a1a4
                      • C4a1a4a
                  • C4a1a5
                  • C4a1a6
              • C4a2
                • C4a2a
                  • C4a2a1
                    • C4a2a1a
                    • C4a2a1b
                • C4a2b
                  • C4a2b1
                  • C4a2b2
                    • C4a2b2a
                • C4a2c
                  • C4a2c1
                  • C4a2c2
                    • C4a2c2a
            • C4b
              • C4b1
                • C4b1a
                • C4b1b
              • C4b2
                • C4b2a
              • C4b3
                • C4b3a
                  • C4b3a1
                • C4b3b
              • C4b5
              • C4b6
              • C4b7
              • C4b8
                • C4b8a
            • C4c
              • C4c1
                • C4c1a
                • C4c1b
              • C4c2
          • C4d'e
            • C4d
            • C4e
          • C5 - Siberian, Mongolian, Han Chinese
            • C5a
              • C5a1
              • C5a2
                • C5a2a
                • C5a2b
                  • C5a2b1
            • C5b
              • C5b1
                • C5b1a
                  • C5b1a1
                • C5b1b
                  • C5b1b1
            • C5c'd
              • C5c
                • C5c1
                  • C5c1a
              • C5d
                • C5d1
                • C5d2
          • C7 - Han Chinese, Indo-China Penisulan
            • C7a
              • C7a1
                • C7a1a
                  • C7a1a1
                  • C7a1a2
                • C7a1c
                • C7a1d
              • C7a2
                • C7a2a
            • C7b
        • Z
          • Z1'2'3'4'7
            • Z1 - Tofalar
              • Z1a - Tubalar
                • Z1a1
                  • Z1a1a - Saami, Kets
                  • Z1a1b - Nganasan, Estonian
                • Z1a2 - Ulch
                  • Z1a2a - Nivkh
                • Z1a3 - Yakuts, Estonian
            • Z2 - Japanese
            • Z3 - Japanese
      • Z3a
        • Z3a1
          • Z3a1a - Han Chinese, Indian
        • Z3a2 - Indian
      • Z3b - Indian
        • Z3c - Persian(Iranian), Japanese
        • Z3d - Han Chinese, Taiwanese
            • Z4 - Han Chinese
              • Z4a - Japanese
                • Z4a1 - Han Chinese
                  • Z4a1a
                    • Z4a1a1 - Japanese
            • Z7 - Indian
          • Z5 - Japanese

See also

Phylogenetic tree of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups

  Mitochondrial Eve (L)    
L0 L1–6  
L1 L2   L3     L4 L5 L6
M N  
CZ D E G Q   O A S R   I W X Y
C Z B F R0   pre-JT   P   U
HV JT K
H V J T

References
  1. van Oven, Mannis; Manfred Kayser (13 Oct 2008). "Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation". Human Mutation. 30 (2): E386–E394. doi:10.1002/humu.20921. PMID 18853457. S2CID 27566749. Archived from the original on 4 December 2012. Retrieved 2009-05-20.
  2. van Oven, Mannis; Manfred Kayser (13 Oct 2008). "Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation". Human Mutation. 30 (2): E386–E394. doi:10.1002/humu.20921. PMID 18853457. S2CID 27566749. Archived from the original on 4 December 2012. Retrieved 2009-05-20.
  3. "Figure 1 Kaplan-Meier plot of haplogroup D4 and M8. A: Kaplan-Meier..." ResearchGate. Retrieved 2020-01-17.
  4. "Figure 2: Phylogenetic network of C, Z and M8 HVR1 sequences revealed..." ResearchGate. Retrieved 2020-01-17.

Bibliography
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