Helochelydridae

Helochelydridae; Temporal range: Tithonian–Maastrichtian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Helochelydra nopcsai skull
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Clade:	Perichelydia
Family:	†Helochelydridae; Nopsca, 1928
Synonyms[1]
	Solemydidae Lapparent and Murelaga 1997

The Helochelydridae are an extinct family of stem-turtles known from fossils found in North America and Europe that have been dated from the Late Jurassic to the Late Cretaceous.[1][2] Although referred to as Solemydidae in recent literature on extinct turtles, Helochelydridae has priority over Solemydidae.[3] They are thought to be terrestrial, based on the presence of limb osteoderms and bone histology.[4] Their skull morphology is dissimilar to that of extant tortoises, suggesting an omnivorous habit similar to that of box turtles.[5]

Genera

Five genera have been included in the family:[1]

Aragochersis[6]
Helochelydra
Helochelys
Naomichelys
Solemys

References

"†Helochelydridae Nopsca 1928". Paleobiology Database. Fossilworks. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
Joyce WG; Rabi M; Clark JM; Xu X. (2016). "A toothed turtle from the Late Jurassic of China and the global biogeographic history of turtles". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 16: 236. doi:10.1186/s12862-016-0762-5. PMC 5084352. PMID 27793089.
Joyce, Walter G. (2017). "A review of the fossil record of basal Mesozoic turtles" (PDF). Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. 58 (1): 65–113. doi:10.3374/014.058.0105. Retrieved July 9, 2017.
Scheyer, T. M.; Pérez-García, A.; Murelaga, X. (March 2015). "Shell bone histology of solemydid turtles (stem Testudines): palaeoecological implications". Organisms Diversity & Evolution. 15 (1): 199–212. doi:10.1007/s13127-014-0188-0. ISSN 1439-6092.
WALTER, J.G., CHAPMAN S.D., MOODY R.T.J., and WALKER, C.A. 2011. The skull of the solemydid turtle Helochelydra nopcsai from the Early Cretaceous of the Isle of Wight (UK) and a review of Solemydidae IN BARRETT, P.M. and MILNER, A.R. (eds.) Studies on Fossil Tetrapods. Speicial Papers in Palaeontology, 86, 75-97.
A. Pérez-García; E. Espílez; L. Mampel; L. Alcalá (2019). "A new basal turtle represented by the two most complete skeletons of Helochelydridae in Europe". Cretaceous Research. in press: Article 104291. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2019.104291.

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[fossilworks-1] "†Helochelydridae Nopsca 1928". Paleobiology Database. Fossilworks. Retrieved 10 July 2017.

[Joyce2016-2] Joyce WG; Rabi M; Clark JM; Xu X. (2016). "A toothed turtle from the Late Jurassic of China and the global biogeographic history of turtles". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 16: 236. doi:10.1186/s12862-016-0762-5. PMC 5084352. PMID 27793089.

[Joyc17-3] Joyce, Walter G. (2017). "A review of the fossil record of basal Mesozoic turtles" (PDF). Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. 58 (1): 65–113. doi:10.3374/014.058.0105. Retrieved July 9, 2017.

[4] Scheyer, T. M.; Pérez-García, A.; Murelaga, X. (March 2015). "Shell bone histology of solemydid turtles (stem Testudines): palaeoecological implications". Organisms Diversity & Evolution. 15 (1): 199–212. doi:10.1007/s13127-014-0188-0. ISSN 1439-6092.

[5] WALTER, J.G., CHAPMAN S.D., MOODY R.T.J., and WALKER, C.A. 2011. The skull of the solemydid turtle Helochelydra nopcsai from the Early Cretaceous of the Isle of Wight (UK) and a review of Solemydidae IN BARRETT, P.M. and MILNER, A.R. (eds.) Studies on Fossil Tetrapods. Speicial Papers in Palaeontology, 86, 75-97.

[6] A. Pérez-García; E. Espílez; L. Mampel; L. Alcalá (2019). "A new basal turtle represented by the two most complete skeletons of Helochelydridae in Europe". Cretaceous Research. in press: Article 104291. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2019.104291.