Holy city
A holy city is a city important to the history or faith of a specific religion. Such cities may also contain at least one headquarters complex (often containing a religious edifice, seminary, shrine, residence of the leading cleric of the religion and/or chambers of the religious leadership's offices) which constitutes a major destination of human traffic, or pilgrimage to the city, especially for major ceremonies and observances. A holy city is a symbolic city, representing attributes beyond its natural characteristics. Marketing experts have suggested that holy cities may be the oldest brands, and more specifically, place brands because they have value added via the perception of religious adherents.[1]
List
These cities include:
Africa
- Abydos (Ancient Egyptian religion)
- Aksum (Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church)
- Alexandria (Coptic Orthodox Church, Roman Catholicism,[2] Greek Orthodox Church of Alexandria)
- Bubastis (Centre of worship for Bastet)
- Harar (Islam)
- Heliopolis (Ancient Egyptian religion)
- Nkamba (Kimbanguism)
- Ife (Yoruba religion)
- Kairouan (Sufism)
- Lalibela (Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church)
- Marrakesh (Islam)
- Moulay Idriss (Islam)
- Zion City Moria (Zion Christian Church)
- Ewu (St. Benedict Monastery), (Assemblies of God Church), (Alu-Oshaeraen Shrine), (Alu-Azido Shrine), the spiritual headquarters of Esan religion.
- Touba, Senegal (Mouridism).
- Ouidah (West African Vodun)
Americas
- Aparecida (Roman Catholicism)[3]
- São Paulo (Roman Catholicism)
- Rio de Janeiro (Roman Catholicism)
- Buenos Aires (Roman Catholicism)
- Lima (Roman Catholicism)
- Boston (Roman Catholicism)
- Baltimore (Roman Catholicism)
- New York City (Roman Catholicism, Judaism[4][5])
- Los Angeles (Roman Catholicism)
- San Diego (Roman Catholicism)
- Quebec City (Roman Catholicism)
- New Orleans (Roman Catholicism)
- Montreal (Roman Catholicism)
- Luján (Roman Catholicism)
- Mexico City (Aztec religion, Roman Catholicism)
- Tiwanaku (Ancient Andean religion, and now a religious centre of many ceremonies)
- Cuzco (Ancient Incan religion)
- Independence, Missouri – a Zion and future location of the New Jerusalem in the Latter Day Saint movement
- Philadelphia (Quakers)
- Charleston, South Carolina (Religious Diversity)
- Clearwater, Florida (Church of Scientology)
- Salt Lake City (The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints)
- Teotihuacan (in Olmec, Toltec, and Aztec religion as the birthplace of the gods)
- Siparia (Roman Catholicism, Indigenous Trinidadian religions, Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, Spiritual Baptist, Rastafarianism, Yoruba-Orisha, Baháʼí)[6]
Europe
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- Rome (Roman Catholicism, Orthodox Christianity)
- Vatican City (Roman Catholicism)
- Cologne (Medieval, Roman Catholicism)
- Paris (Roman Catholicism)
- Lourdes (Roman Catholicism)[7]
- Milan (Roman Catholicism)
- Florence (Roman Catholicism)
- Assisi (Roman Catholicism)[8]
- Venice (Roman Catholicism)
- Fátima (Roman Catholicism)
- Braga (Roman Catholicism)
- Lisbon (Roman Catholicism)
- Istanbul (Orthodox Christianity, Islam)
- Athens (Roman Catholicism, Orthodox Christianity)
- Thessaloniki (Roman Catholicism, Orthodox Christianity)
- Corinth (Roman Catholicism, Orthodox Christianity)
- Ohrid (Orthodox Christianity)
- Mtskheta (Georgian Orthodox Church)[9]
- Walsingham (Roman Catholicism) [7]
- Bolghar (Medieval, Islam)
- Santiago de Compostela (Roman Catholicism, Priscillianism)
- Ávila (Roman Catholicism) [7]
- Madrid (Roman Catholicism)
- Barcelona (Roman Catholicism[10])
- Caravaca de la Cruz (Roman Catholicism)
- Canterbury (Medieval Roman Catholicism and Church of England)
- Santo Toribio de Liébana (Roman Catholicism)
- Toledo (Medieval, Roman Catholicism and Islam)
- Córdoba (Medieval Islam, Roman Catholicism)
- Częstochowa (Roman Catholicism)
- Kilkenny (Roman Catholicism)[11][12]
- Medjugorje (Roman Catholicism)
- Westminster (Roman Catholicism)
- Wittenberg (Lutheranism)
West Asia
Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem, a holy city in Judaism, Christianity and Islam
- Jerusalem (Judaism, Christianity, Islam)
- Mount Sinai (Judaism, Christianity, Islam)
- Hebron (Judaism, Islam)
- Nazareth (Christianity, Islam)
- Bethlehem (Christianity, Islam)
- Beirut (Roman Catholicism, Islam)
- Karbala (Shi'a Islam)
- Haifa (Baháʼí)
- Akká (Baháʼí)
- Antioch (Christianity)
- Vagharshapat (Armenian Apostolic Church)
- Mashhad (Shi'a Islam)
- Mecca (Islam)
- Medina (Islam)
- Najaf (Shi'a Islam)
- Nippur (Ancient Mesopotamian religions)[13]
- Qom (Shi'a Islam)
- Safed (Judaism)
- Tarim (Sufism)
- Tiberias (Judaism)
- Balkh (Zoroastrianism)
- Mazar-i-Sharif (Islam in Afghanistan)[14]
- Yazd (Zoroastrianism)
Indian subcontinent
- Allahabad/Prayagraj (Hinduism)
- Kushinagar (Buddhism)
- Ladakh (Buddhism)
- Darjeeling (Buddhism)
- Dharmshala (Buddhism)
- Ajmer (Islam)
- Anandpur Sahib (Sikhism)
- Anuradhapura (Buddhism)
- Ayodhya (Hinduism)
- Badrinath (Hinduism)
- Barmer (Jainism)
- Bodh Gaya (Buddhism)
- Tawang (Buddhism)
- Chamkaur Sahib (Sikhism)
- Cochin (Kochi) (Christianity & Judaism)
- Damdama Sahib (Sikhism)
- Dwarka (Hinduism)
- Falna (Jainism)
- Fatehgarh Sahib (Sikhism)
- Goindwal Sahib (Sikhism)
- Gaya/Bodh Gaya (Buddhism, Hinduism)
- Jaipur (Jainism)
- Kathmandu (Hinduism-Buddhism)
- Kanchipuram (Hinduism)
- Kandy (Buddhism)
- Kartarpur Sahib, India (Sikhism)
- Kiratpur Sahib (Sikhism)
- Kodungallur/ Muziris/Mahodayapuram (Christianity, Judaism, Islam & Hinduism)
- Kurukshetra (Hinduism)
- Kartarpur Sahib, Pakistan (Sikhism)
- Lumbini (Buddhism)
- Mathura (Hinduism)
- Mount Abu (Jainism, Hinduism)
- Nagpur (Buddhism, Islam)
- Nanded (Sikhism)
- Nankana Sahib (Sikhism)
- Nathdwara (Hinduism)
- Paonta Sahib (Sikhism)
- Patna Sahib (Sikhism)
- Poo Pathi (Hinduism)
- Puri (Hinduism)
- Pushkar (Hinduism)
- Rajgir (Buddhism, Jainism)
- Rameswaram (Hinduism)
- Ranakpur (Jainism)
- Salasar (Hinduism)
- Sultanpur Lodhi (Nanak Nagri) (Sikhism)
- Sri Amritsar (Sikhism, Balmiki Hindus)
- Sri Muktsar Sahib (Sikhism)
- Goa (Roman Catholicism)
- Tarn Taran Sahib (Sikhism)
- Tirupati (city) (Hinduism)
- Udaipur (Hinduism)
- Udvada (Zoroastrianism)
- Ujjain (Hinduism)
- Vaishali (Buddhism, Svetambara Jains)
- Vallarpadam (Christianity)
- Varanasi/Benares/Kashi (Hinduism, Buddhism & Jainism)
- Velha Goa[15] (Christianity)
- Velankanni (Christianity)
- Vrindavan (Hinduism)
- Nalanda (Buddhism)
- Amravati (AP) (Buddhism)
- Shravasthi (Buddhism)
Central and East Asia
Southeast Asia
- Denpasar (Balinese Hinduism)
- Banda Aceh (Islam)[16]
- Jombang (Islam)[17]
- Kudus (Islam)
- Demak (Islam)
- Cirebon (Islam)
- Borobudur (Buddhism)
- Prambanan (Hinduism)
- Cebu City (Roman Catholicism) [18]
- Manila (Roman Catholicism)[18]
- City of El Salvador (Roman Catholicism)[19]
- Antipolo (Roman Catholicism)[18]
- Valenzuela City (Roman Catholicism)[18]
- Zamboanga City (Roman Catholicism, Islam)[18]
- Makati City (Roman Catholicism)[18]
- Cotabato City (Islam)[18]
- Marawi (Islam)[18]
- Tumpat (Islam)
- Angkor (Hinduism and Buddhism)
- Vientiane (Buddhism)
- Tay Ninh (Cao Dai)
References
- Metti, Michael Sebastian (1 June 2011). "Jerusalem – the most powerful brand in history". Stockholm University School of Business. Archived from the original on 12 June 2011. Retrieved 1 July 2011.
- Catholic Mass For Dummies Rev. John Trigilio, Jr., Rev. Kenneth Brighenti, Rev. Monsignor James Cafone ISBN 978-0470767863
- http://cidadeselugares.blogspot.com/2012/07/cidades-sagradas-para-o-cristianismo.html
- https://thecatholictravelguide.com/destinations/u-s-a/new-york_ciy/
- New York Today: A Holy City
- http://www.caribbean-beat.com/issue-54/siparee-mai-miracle-mother#axzz54IoQr600
- 10 Holy places to go on Pilgrimage
- Fotos: 15 grandes peregrinações e lugares santos do mundo
- "Historical city Mtskheta becomes "Holy City"". Agenda.ge. 7 April 2014. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
- 10 Destinos únicos para todo o peregrino católico visitar
- http://www.libraryireland.com/social-history/popular-rhymes/kilkenny-cats.php
- http://www.kilkennypeople.ie/news/kilkenny-news/62942/St-Canice-s-Cathedral-is-Kilkenny.html
- "Holy City of Nippur". Archived from the original on 3 April 2007. Retrieved 13 February 2008.
- http://www.joaoleitao.com/adventure/visit-mazar-sharif-afghanistan
- https://www.visittnt.com/blog/top-10-religious-pilgrimage-destinations-india/
- "Sejarah -". Retrieved 27 September 2018.
- "Portal Resmi Pemerintah Kabupaten JOMBANG". www.jombangkab.go.id. Retrieved 27 September 2018.
- PILGRIMAGE TO THE PHILIPPINES FOR THE 51ST INTERNATIONAL EUCHARISTIC CONGRESS, 2016
- BusinessWeek Mindanao 26 August 2011: "DIVINE MERCY SHRINE in Misamis Oriental celebrates Birthday of the Blessed Virgin Mary" Archived 2018-03-16 at the Wayback Machine
External links
Media related to Holy cities at Wikimedia Commons
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