Interleukin 34

IL34
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	4DKC, 4DKD, 4DKE, 4DKF
Identifiers
Aliases	IL34, C16orf77, IL-34, Interleukin 34
External IDs	OMIM: 612081 MGI: 1923777 HomoloGene: 12648 GeneCards: IL34
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 16 (human)[1]
End	70,660,682 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 8 (mouse)[2]
End	110,805,924 bp[2]
Gene ontology
Molecular function	• macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor binding; • cytokine activity; • growth factor activity; • GO:0001948 protein binding; • identical protein binding;
Cellular component	• extracellular region; • extracellular;
Biological process	• positive regulation of monocyte differentiation; • positive regulation of macrophage differentiation; • positive regulation of protein phosphorylation; • innate immune system; • inflammatory response; • positive regulation of cell proliferation; • immune system process; • regulation of receptor activity; • cytokine-mediated signaling pathway; • microglial cell proliferation; • positive regulation of gene expression; • positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	146433
	76527
	ENSG00000157368
	ENSMUSG00000031750
	Q6ZMJ4
	Q8R1R4
	NM_001172771; NM_001172772; NM_152456
	NM_001135100; NM_029646
	NP_001166242; NP_001166243; NP_689669
	NP_001128572; NP_083922
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Interleukin 34 (IL-34) is a protein belonging to a group of cytokines called interleukins. It was originally identified in humans, by large scale screening of secreted proteins; chimpanzee, murine, rat and chicken interleukin 34 orthologs have also been found. The protein is composed of 241 amino acids, 39 kilodaltons in mass, and forms homodimers. IL-34 increases growth or survival of immune cells known as monocytes; it elicits its activity by binding the Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of human IL-34 is most abundant in spleen but occurs in several other tissues: thymus, liver, small intestine, colon, prostate gland, lung, heart, brain, kidney, testes, and ovary. The discovery of IL-34 protein in the red pulp of the spleen suggests involvement in growth and development of myeloid cells, consistent with its activity on monocytes. [5]

References

GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000157368 - Ensembl, May 2017
GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000031750 - Ensembl, May 2017
"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Lin H, Lee E, Hestir K, et al. (May 2008). "Discovery of a cytokine and its receptor by functional screening of the extracellular proteome". Science. 320 (5877): 807–11. doi:10.1126/science.1154370. PMID 18467591. S2CID 44340470.

External links

Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: Q6ZMJ4 (Human Interleukin-34) at the PDBe-KB.
Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: Q8R1R4 (Mouse Interleukin-34) at the PDBe-KB.

Interleukin-34 at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000157368 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000031750 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid18467591-5] Lin H, Lee E, Hestir K, et al. (May 2008). "Discovery of a cytokine and its receptor by functional screening of the extracellular proteome". Science. 320 (5877): 807–11. doi:10.1126/science.1154370. PMID 18467591. S2CID 44340470.